公开(公告)号：US20040051868A1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-18

申请号：US10243305

申请日：2002-09-13

Inventor： Mina Farr

IPC: G01J003/14 ,  G01J003/18

CPC classification number: G02B5/203 ,  G01J3/14 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B5/32 ,  H04Q2011/0028

Abstract: A holographic demultiplexor for filtering and spatially positioning individual optical channels, wavelengths, or sets of wavelengths. The holographic demultiplexor includes a volume hologram that includes holograms for redirecting wavelengths included in a light signal. A diffraction grating linearly disperses the light signal and the individual holograms included in the volume hologram spatially reflect the one or more wavelengths back to the diffraction grating as specific angles. The volume hologram spatially reflects the one or more wavelengths such that they are dispersed in two dimensions. The diffraction grating then reflects the two dimensionally dispersed wavelengths to a two dimensional detector array. The detectors of the detector array for adjacent wavelengths can be interleaved to reduce interference. Alternatively, the volume hologram can redirect sets of wavelengths directly to the detector array and the light is not linearly dispersed by a diffraction grating first.

Abstract translation: 全息解复用器，用于对各个光通道，波长或波长组进行滤波和空间定位。 全息解复用器包括体积全息图，其包括用于重定向包括在光信号中的波长的全息图。 衍射光栅线性地分散光信号，并且包含在体积全息图中的各个全息图空间地将一个或多个波长反射回衍射光栅作为特定角度。 体积全息图在空间上反映一个或多个波长，使得它们分散在二维中。 衍射光栅然后将二维分散的波长反射到二维检测器阵列。 用于相邻波长的检测器阵列的检测器可以交错以减少干扰。 或者，体积全息图可以将波长的组直接重定向到检测器阵列，并且光不首先由衍射光栅线性地分散。

公开(公告)号：US20040032585A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-19

申请号：US10432454

申请日：2003-05-20

Inventor： Ib-Rune Johansen ,  Odd Lovhaugen

IPC: G01J003/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B5/1842

Abstract: A diffractive optical element device for use in spectroscopy, where broadband light is emitted from a light source (31) towards the optical element (24) and form there is transmitted to at least one detector (29; 29null). The optical element has a plurality of diffractive dispersively focusing patterns, preferably partly integrated into each other, whose respective centres are two-dimensionally offset relative to each other in order to produce a plurality of spectra (25-28), where at least two are separate, but offset relative to each other and/or partly overlapping. In an alternative embodiment, the optical element consists of either one diffractive optical element (60) that is related to a wavelength and produces a spectrum, or at least two diffractive optical elements (60, 61) which are related to respective wavelengths and which produce at least two mutually partly overlapping spectra to give a composite spectrum. Means are provided on or in connection with the optical element in order to produce in said spectrum at least one indication of upper and/or lower wavelength value.

Abstract translation: 用于光谱学的衍射光学元件装置被传输到至少一个检测器（29; 29'），其中宽带光从光源（31）朝向光学元件（24）发射并形成在那里。 光学元件具有多个衍射分散聚焦图案，优选地部分地彼此集成，其各自的中心相对于彼此二维偏移，以便产生多个光谱（25-28），其中至少两个 分离，但相对于彼此偏移和/或部分重叠。 在替代实施例中，光学元件由与波长相关并产生光谱的一个衍射光学元件（60）或与相应波长相关的至少两个衍射光学元件（60,61）组成，并且产生 至少两个相互部分重叠的光谱，以得到复合谱。 装置设置在光学元件上或与光学元件结合，以便在所述光谱中产生上和/或下波长值的至少一个指示。

公开(公告)号：US06650810B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-18

申请号：US09639063

申请日：2000-08-15

Applicant: Robert A. Lieberman ,  John D Prohaska ,  Lothar U Kempen

Inventor： Robert A. Lieberman ,  John D Prohaska ,  Lothar U Kempen

IPC: G02B634

CPC classification number: G01J3/457 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/1895 ,  G01J3/4338 ,  G02B6/02133 ,  G02B6/02138 ,  G02B6/022 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02F1/0115 ,  G02F2201/307

Abstract: A tunable optical filter for simulating the waveband spectrums of selected substances. The filter includes an optical waveguide with a core material for transmitting light energy and a nominal core refractive index for the core material. Predetermined periodic variations are formed in the core material of the optical waveguide between the input and output ends that alter the core refractive index of the waveguide at the location of the periodic variations. Depending upon the periodic variations, the waveguide produces a predetermined reference waveband spectrum output that matches the waveband spectrum of a selected substance. A modulator is coupled to the waveguide to selectively modulate the periodic variations to intermittently shift the reference waveband spectrum output to fine tune the filter and reduce signal noise. The filter is useful as a reference cell for correlation spectroscopy, DIAL LIDAR, equipment calibration, and other uses where a predetermined or known waveband spectrum is useful or desirable.

Abstract translation: 一种用于模拟所选物质的波段频谱的可调光滤波器。 滤波器包括具有用于透射光能的芯材料和用于芯材料的标称芯折射率的光波导。 在输入和输出端之间的光波导的芯材中形成预定的周期性变化，其改变在周期性变化的位置处的波导的纤芯折射率。 根据周期性变化，波导产生与选定物质的波段频谱相匹配的预定参考波段频谱输出。 调制器耦合到波导以选择性地调制周期性变化，以间歇地移动参考波段频谱输出以微调滤波器并降低信号噪声。 滤波器可用作相关光谱参考单元，DIAL LIDAR，设备校准以及预定或已知波段频谱是有用或期望的其它用途。

公开(公告)号：US06643065B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-04

申请号：US09765876

申请日：2001-01-18

Applicant: Donn Michael Silberman

Inventor： Donn Michael Silberman

IPC: G02B518

CPC classification number: G02B6/29313 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B5/1828 ,  G02B6/29395

Abstract: A variable spacing diffraction grating is fabricated using micro-electromechanical (MEMS) technology. An array of interconnected beam elements is fabricated into a diffraction grating and mounted in such a manner that one or both ends of the array of beam elements may be actuated using a mechanical actuator. The beam elements may be linear, spiral shaped or arranged in a staircase structure. Applying a force to one or both ends of the array of beam elements changes the spacing of the grating, and presents a different ruling spacing distribution to incoming radiation, thus altering the diffracted angle among individual diffraction orders of the wavelength. Controlling the diffracted signal in this way allows for specific diffraction pass bands to be fixed on a particular detector or a particular area of a detector or optical relay lens or lenses.

Abstract translation: 使用微机电（MEMS）技术制造可变间距衍射光栅。 互连的光束元件的阵列被制造成衍射光栅并且以这样的方式安装，使得梁元件阵列的一端或两端可以使用机械致动器致动。 梁元件可以是线性的，螺旋形的或布置在楼梯结构中。 对光束元件阵列的一端或两端施加一个力可以改变光栅的间距，并对入射辐射产生不同的刻度间距分布，从而改变波长各个衍射级之间的衍射角。 以这种方式控制衍射信号允许将特定的衍射通带固定在特定检测器或检测器或光学中继透镜或透镜的特定区域上。

公开(公告)号：US20030156284A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-21

申请号：US10117278

申请日：2002-04-05

Inventor： Mina Farr

IPC: G01J003/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0205 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J2003/1213

Abstract: An optical reflection device for filtering and spatially positioning individual optical channels or wavelengths. The device includes a plurality of optical members with reflective surfaces and at least one reflective layer located on the reflective surface of each optical member. In addition, the plurality of optical members are interconnected in a manner such that the reflective surfaces are oriented at predetermined slopes with respect to one another. Each reflective layer is configured to reflect a particular wavelength or channel. The plurality of optical members are interconnected in a manner that allows each optical member to reflect an individual channel at a unique angle with respect to the other optical members. This configuration allows the optical reflection device to individually reflect and filter channels that are dispersed from some form of dispersing member, such as a prism or a diffraction grating.

Abstract translation: 一种用于滤波和空间定位各个光信道或波长的光反射装置。 该装置包括具有反射表面的多个光学构件和位于每个光学构件的反射表面上的至少一个反射层。 此外，多个光学构件以使得反射表面相对于彼此以预定斜率定向的方式互连。 每个反射层被配置成反射特定波长或通道。 多个光学构件以允许每个光学构件相对于其它光学构件以独特的角度反射各个通道的方式互连。 这种构造允许光学反射装置单独地反射和滤出从诸如棱镜或衍射光栅的某种形式的分散构件分散的通道。

公开(公告)号：US20030151816A1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-14

申请号：US10299031

申请日：2002-11-18

Inventor： Bernd Kleemann ,  Michel LeMaire

IPC: G02B005/18 ,  G02B027/44

CPC classification number: G01J3/18 ,  G02B5/1861

Abstract: An optical arrangement has a light source which emits coherent light of a specific wavelength. Further provided is an optical Littrow grating, arranged at a specific Littrow angle nullL. It has a multiplicity of parallel diffraction structures following one another periodically at an interval in each case of one specific grating period and arranged on a substrate predetermining a base area. The light wavelength, the grating period and the Littrow angle nullL are tuned to one another in such a way that the grating is used in one of the largest diffraction orders m for light reflected back at the Littrow angle nullL, which still fulfils the condition: (2(mnull1)/mnull1) sin (nullL)null1 An optical arrangement of this kind has an increased reflection efficiency.

Abstract translation: 光学装置具有发射特定波长的相干光的光源。 还提供了以特定的Littrow角θL布置的光学Littrow光栅。 在一个特定光栅周期的每种情况下，它具有沿间隔的周期性的多个平行衍射结构，并且布置在预定基底面积的基板上。 光波长，光栅周期和Littrow角θL以这样的方式彼此调谐，使得光栅被用于对于仍然满足条件的反射回的光的最大衍射级m之一： （2（m + 1）/ m-1）sin（θL）> = 1这样的光学布置具有增加的反射效率。

公开(公告)号：US20030142322A1

公开(公告)日：2003-07-31

申请号：US10354657

申请日：2003-01-30

Inventor： Ryuichi Sato

IPC: G01B011/02

CPC classification number: G03F7/706 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J9/02

Abstract: A wavefront splitting element includes a diffraction grating for splitting light into multiple beams including transmitting light and reflected light.

Abstract translation: 波前分离元件包括衍射光栅，用于将光分成多束，包括透射光和反射光。

公开(公告)号：US06587198B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

申请号：US09796656

申请日：2001-03-02

Applicant: Michael Cohnitz Olshausen

Inventor： Michael Cohnitz Olshausen

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: A compact, grating spectrometer (1A) particularly adapted for visual observation of the sun's spectrum, from the Calcium K line to the Fraunhofer B line, at very high dispersion. The numerical aperture of the spectrometer's collimating mirror is intentionally mismatched to the numerical aperture of the spectrometer's light-input device in order to exploit, by means of the exceedingly narrow width of the spectrometer's entrance slit (110), the high degree of coherence of the central region of the Airy disk formed by the light-input device. The resulting Fraunhofer diffraction illuminates totally, or nearly totally, the collimating mirror throughout the K-B interval. The human eye's dynamic range is compensated to maintain resolution at the lowest, light levels of the K-B interval. UV spill is suppressed. Both input-optics and slit are shielded against differential heating.

Abstract translation: 特别适用于以非常高的色散从钙K线向弗劳恩霍夫B线观察太阳光谱的小型光栅光谱仪（1A）。 光谱仪的准直镜的数值孔径有意地与光谱仪的光输入装置的数值孔径不匹配，以便通过光谱仪的入口狭缝（110）的非常窄的宽度来利用光谱仪的入射狭缝（110）的高度的一致性 由光输入装置形成的艾里圆盘的中央区域。 所得到的弗劳恩霍夫衍射在整个K-B间隔期间完全或完全照射准直镜。 补偿人眼的动态范围，以将分辨率维持在K-B间隔的最低亮度水平。 紫外线泄漏被抑制。 输入光学和狭缝均可屏蔽差分加热。

公开(公告)号：US06552321B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-22

申请号：US09653762

申请日：2000-09-01

Applicant: James P. Mills

Inventor： James P. Mills

IPC: H01L2700

CPC classification number: G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G01J3/2823

Abstract: An adaptive spectral imaging device operable to analyze a scene includes a detector having a detector output signal and an optical system disposed in an optical ray path between the scene and the detector to image the scene onto the detector. A controllable optical disperser is disposed along the optical ray path between the scene and the detector. The controllable optical disperser has a disperser input command signal. A controller has a controller output signal responsive to the detector output signal. The controller output signal is provided to the controllable optical disperser as the disperser input command signal.

Abstract translation: 可操作以分析场景的自适应光谱成像装置包括具有检测器输出信号的检测器和设置在场景和检测器之间的光线路径中的光学系统，以将场景成像到检测器上。 可控光学分散器沿场景和检测器之间的光线路径设置。 可控光分路器具有分散输入指令信号。 控制器具有响应于检测器输出信号的控制器输出信号。 控制器输出信号作为分散器输入指令信号提供给可控光分路器。

公开(公告)号：US06538736B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

申请号：US09705990

申请日：2000-11-03

Applicant: Perry A. Palumbo

Inventor： Perry A. Palumbo

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: Concentric spectrometers are plagued with internal reflections due to inherent nature of more than one optical surface possessing a common center of curvature. Reflections from optical surfaces arise when there is a difference or change in the refractive index of the media in which an optical beam or ray of a given wavelength is propagating. Internal reflections in concentric optical systems can produce a myriad of undesirable optical phenomenon at the image plane such as multiple images of an object, interference fringes, and stray light. As a result a loss in contrast or detection limit arise from such phenomenon in which light or detectable radiation that impinges on the image plane does not add to the formation of the intended image, (stray light). The present invention produces high quality images without the optical phenomenon(s) that arise from internal reflections by removing the reflected radiation from propagating through the optical system.

Abstract translation: 由于具有共同的曲率中心的多于一个的光学表面的固有特性，同心光谱仪受到内部反射的困扰。 当光束或给定波长的光线正在传播的介质的折射率存在差异或变化时，会产生光学表面的反射。 同心光学系统中的内部反射可能在像平面上产生无数不希望的光学现象，例如物体的多个图像，干涉条纹和杂散光。 结果，造成对比度或检测限制的损失是由于这种现象，其中照射在图像平面上的光或可检测的辐射不会增加预期图像的形成（杂散光）。 本发明通过去除通过光学系统传播的反射辐射而产生高质量图像而没有由内部反射产生的光学现象。