公开(公告)号：US4871249A

公开(公告)日：1989-10-03

申请号：US214192

申请日：1988-07-01

Applicant: James V. Watson

Inventor： James V. Watson

IPC: G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G02B5/10 ,  G02B17/08

CPC classification number: G02B17/086 ,  G02B19/0023 ,  G02B19/0033 ,  G02B5/10 ,  G01N15/1436 ,  G01N15/1459 ,  G01N2021/0346 ,  G01N2021/6469 ,  G01N21/05 ,  G01N2201/065 ,  G02B19/008

Abstract: A light collecting device for flow cytometry comprises an internally reflecting chamber for collecting light from a point source within the chamber over a solid angle of substantially 4 pi and directing all the collected light through an exit point at or adjacent the wall of the chamber. The chamber comprises an ellipsoidal surface extending over a solid angle of substantially 2 pi and a spherical surface extending over a solid angle of substantially 2 pi, the firsts conjugate focus of the ellipsoidal surface being coincident with the center of curvature of the spherical surface and the second conjugate focus of the ellipsoidal surface being at the center point of the spherical surface. A capillary bore passes through the first conjugate focus to accommodate a sample stream which is illuminated by laser light to produce fluorescence at the first conjugate focus.

Abstract translation: 用于流式细胞术的光收集装置包括内部反射室，用于从室内的点源收集基本上为4pi的立体角的光，并引导所有收集的光通过在室的壁处或其附近的出口点。 该腔室包括一个基本上为2π的立体角延伸的椭圆面和一个基本上为2π的立体角延伸的球形表面，椭圆面的第一个共轭焦点与球面的曲率中心重合， 椭球面的第二共轭焦点位于球面的中心点。 毛细孔通过第一共轭焦点以适应由激光照射以在第一共轭焦点处产生荧光的样品流。

公开(公告)号：US4724329A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-09

申请号：US539487

申请日：1983-10-06

Applicant: Walter M. Doyle ,  John R. Gentile

Inventor： Walter M. Doyle ,  John R. Gentile

IPC: G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G21G4/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/108 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: The present invention provides a radiation source which essentially matches the throughput radiation of the source to the throughput radiation of the interferometer; and it provides the maximum throughput usable by the interferometer with a minimum use of power at the source. The infrared source in this invention combines a radiating element having the optimum area with a hollow, inwardly-reflecting sphere, whose center is at the radiating element and whose exterior has a single aperture which causes radiation to fill the entrance field of view of the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种辐射源，其基本上将源的吞吐量辐射与干涉仪的吞吐量辐射相匹配; 并且其提供了干扰计可用的最大吞吐量，其中源的功率最小。 本发明中的红外源将具有最佳区域的辐射元件与中空位于辐射元件的中空的向内反射的球体组合，并且其外部具有单个孔径，从而使辐射填充光谱仪的入射视野 。

公开(公告)号：US4667112A

公开(公告)日：1987-05-19

申请号：US740347

申请日：1985-06-03

Applicant: Jack J. Grossman

Inventor： Jack J. Grossman

IPC: G01J5/52 ,  G01N21/25

CPC classification number: G01J5/522 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A radiation dispersing cavity has its interior surface covered by a plurality of deformations, each of which acts as a dispersing element which is small with respect to the effective diameter of the cavity and yet large with respect to the wavelengths processed by the integrating cavity. The interior surface of the cavity is coated with a material which provides the proper reflectivity for the wavelengths of interest. The interior of the cavity is covered with at least two different sets of interlocking deformations producing at least two different apparent planes of reflection. Use of alternating concave-inward, concave-outward deformations facilitates smooth transitions between deformations, preventing development of hot spots at sharp discontinuities.

Abstract translation: 辐射分散腔的内表面被多个变形覆盖，每个变形都用作相对于腔的有效直径小且相对于由积分腔处理的波长较大的分散元件。 空腔的内表面涂覆有为感兴趣的波长提供适当反射率的材料。 空腔的内部被至少两组互锁变形覆盖，产生至少两个不同的表面反射面。 使用交替的凹向内，凹向外变形有助于在变形之间的平滑过渡，防止在尖锐的不连续处发展热点。

公开(公告)号：US4645922A

公开(公告)日：1987-02-24

申请号：US784623

申请日：1985-10-04

Applicant: Christopher M. Welbourn ,  Martin P. Smith ,  Andrew D. G. Stewart

Inventor： Christopher M. Welbourn ,  Martin P. Smith ,  Andrew D. G. Stewart

IPC: B07C5/342 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J1/04

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  B07C5/3425 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: In order to color sort objects such as peas or sweets, they are dropped in succession through two integrating spheres. In the first sphere, the object absorbs infra-red radiation and the peak reduction in infra-red flux is detected in order to provide a signal responsive to the size of the object. In the second sphere, the object is illuminated with white light and the peak reduction in flux is detected by at least three detectors for three colors determined by filters. To make the illumination more uniform in the sphere, there is a step around the sphere almost half way down, with light sources equi-spaced around the step. The size signal is divided into the respective color signal in a micro-processor to produce a size-corrected color signal.

Abstract translation: 为了对豌豆或糖果进行颜色分类，它们通过两个整合球体相继掉落。 在第一个球体中，物体吸收红外辐射，并检测红外线通量的峰值降低，以便提供响应物体大小的信号。 在第二个球体中，物体被白光照射，通过至少三个由滤光器确定的颜色的检测器检测通量的峰值降低。 为了使照明在球体中更加均匀，围绕球体的方向几乎一半下降，光源围绕台阶等距。 在微处理器中将尺寸信号分成相应的颜色信号以产生尺寸校正的颜色信号。

公开(公告)号：US4487504A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-11

申请号：US417346

申请日：1982-09-01

Applicant: Herbert Goldsmith

Inventor： Herbert Goldsmith

IPC: G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01N21/474 ,  G01N2021/4742 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: In a reflectance measuring instrument, an integrating sphere is provided to illuminate the sample of which the reflectance is to be measured. A first fiber optic cable is provided to receive a light beam reflected by the sample and a second fiber optic cable is positioned to receive a light beam reflected from the wall of the integrating sphere. The transmitting ends of the fiber optic cables are mounted in a pivoted plate to selectively position the transmitting ends to emit light into the entrance slit of a monochromator.

Abstract translation: 在反射测量仪器中，提供积分球来照射要测量反射率的样品。 提供第一光纤电缆以接收由样品反射的光束，并且第二光纤电缆被定位成接收从积分球的壁反射的光束。 光纤电缆的发射端安装在枢转板中，以选择性地定位发射端以将光发射到单色仪的入射狭缝中。

公开(公告)号：US4482245A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

申请号：US444606

申请日：1982-11-26

Applicant: Hideki Makabe ,  Toyoji Yamamoto ,  Yoshio Matsueda ,  Yasunori Ito ,  Katsuto Yamada

Inventor： Hideki Makabe ,  Toyoji Yamamoto ,  Yoshio Matsueda ,  Yasunori Ito ,  Katsuto Yamada

IPC: G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/46 ,  G01N21/87

CPC classification number: G01J3/46 ,  G01J3/0251 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/502 ,  G01N21/87 ,  G01J3/465 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a diamond color comprises a light source composed of a lamp and an integrating sphere for diffusing light therein emitted from the lamp; a diamond holder including diamond supporting head means and suction base means, thereby positioning the table facet of the diamond in the integrating sphere for allowing the diffused light from the light source to fall on the table facet of the diamond; a monochromator for separating a beam of light as it emerges from the diamond through the table facet side into a spectrum; a photodetector for detecting the light from the monochromator; variable slit means disposed in at least one of the monochromator and the photodetector for adjusting the size of the beam of light to a diameter of the diamond; a measurement unit for controlling at least the monochromator to obtain a spectrum of the light which has passed through the diamond; and an arithmetic unit for deriving tristimulus values X, Y and Z from the spectrum of the light from the diamond; which is able to measure the colors of brilliant-cut diamonds easily and objectively.

Abstract translation: 用于测量金刚石颜色的装置包括由灯组成的光源和用于从灯发射的光的积分球; 金刚石保持器，其包括金刚石支撑头装置和抽吸底座装置，从而将金刚石的台面定位在积分球中，以允许来自光源的漫射光落在金刚石的台面上; 单色仪，用于当光束从金刚石通过台面侧面分离成光谱时，分离光束; 用于检测来自单色仪的光的光电检测器; 设置在所述单色仪和所述光电检测器中的至少一个中的可变狭缝装置，用于将所述光束的尺寸调整为所述金刚石的直径; 测量单元，用于至少控制单色仪以获得穿过金刚石的光的光谱; 以及用于从来自金刚石的光的光谱导出三刺激值X，Y和Z的算术单元; 它能够轻松，客观地测量辉煌切割钻石的颜色。

公开(公告)号：US4395126A

公开(公告)日：1983-07-26

申请号：US242890

申请日：1981-03-12

Applicant: Donald L. Kramer

Inventor： Donald L. Kramer

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01N21/64 ,  G02B5/22 ,  G02B5/28

CPC classification number: G02B5/22 ,  G01N21/645 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: Method and means useful in reflectance measurement is provided wherein radiation of one wavelength is separated from radiation of a different wavelength by the use of a composite of at least two components, one of which is absorptive of said one wavelength radiation and is highly transmissive of said other wavelength radiation, and the other of which is reflective of radiation of both of said wavelengths. The method and means are particularly adapted for use in fluorescent radiation measurement to prevent high intensity residual incident excitation radiation from interfering with measurement of the relatively low intensity fluorescent radiation.

Abstract translation: 提供了可用于反射测量的方法和装置，其中通过使用至少两个组分的复合物将一个波长的辐射与不同波长的辐射分离，其中一个组分吸收所述一个波长辐射，并且对所述 其他波长辐射，另一个是反射两个所述波长的辐射。 该方法和装置特别适用于荧光辐射测量，以防止高强度残留入射激发辐射干扰相对低强度荧光辐射的测量。

公开(公告)号：US4278887A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-14

申请号：US118563

申请日：1980-02-04

Applicant: Victor G. Lipshutz ,  Edward Stark

Inventor： Victor G. Lipshutz ,  Edward Stark

IPC: G01N21/05 ,  G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01N1/10

CPC classification number: G01N21/0303 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A fluid sample cell comprising a sample compartment of precisely predetermined depth bounded by opposed surfaces of a transparent window and a diffuse mirror is disclosed, and comprises inlet and outlet ports for the flow of a series of successive samples into and through said sample compartment and the spectroscopic analysis thereof by irradiation and detection of transmitted and reflected radiation.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种流体样品池，包括由透明窗和漫反射镜的相对表面限定的精确预定深度的样品室，并且包括用于将一系列连续样品流入并通过所述样品室的入口端口和出口端口， 通过辐射和检测透射和反射辐射进行光谱分析。

公开(公告)号：US3562524A

公开(公告)日：1971-02-09

申请号：US3562524D

申请日：1968-12-11

Applicant: GEN ELECTRIC

Inventor： MOORE DONALD F ,  BEEMAN WALTER S

IPC: G01N21/35 ,  G01N33/497 ,  G01N21/26

CPC classification number: G01N33/4972 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2201/0221 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the concentration of ethyl alcohol in alveolar air, and depending upon the unique infrared absorption characteristics of ethyl alcohol vapor is disclosed. Infrared radiation of two spectral selections- one strongly absorbed and the other relatively unabsorbed- is introduced in sequence into an absorption chamber containing alcohol vapor. The sequenced illumination is balanced in an electrical comparator in the absence of alcohol and imbalance is used to measure the concentration of alcohol vapor within the chamber. The absorption chamber forms a light-integrating sphere to multiply the infrared absorption path length and to provide a uniform level of interior illumination. The single source of illumination of the chamber is focused into two separated beams by means of a split ellipsoidal mirror into which separate relatively small and simple filters may be introduced. The optical paths through the chamber to the simple detector are balanced by the integrating affect of the sphere. Filters employing vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymer, crystalline calcium fluoride and polytrifluoromonochloroethylene are treated. Simple self-calibration means are provided. The apparatus is applicable to law enforcement problems.

公开(公告)号：US20240183795A1

公开(公告)日：2024-06-06

申请号：US18285281

申请日：2022-02-18

Applicant: HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS K.K.

Inventor： Kenichiro IKEMURA ,  Kengo SUZUKI ,  Kazuya IGUCHI ,  Akihiro NAKAMURA

IPC: G01N21/95

CPC classification number: G01N21/9505 ,  G01N2201/065

Abstract: A measuring device includes: an integrating sphere; an excitation optical system; a light detector; and a first detection optical system. The optical axis of the excitation light incident on the subject to be measured in the integrating sphere in the excitation optical system and the optical axis of the light to be measured that is emitted from the integrating sphere in the first detection optical system obliquely intersect with each other, the first detection optical system has an opening portion that limits a detection range of the light to be measured in the light detector, and an irradiation spot of the excitation light on the subject to be measured and the opening portion are in an optically conjugate relationship.