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21.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20150368541A1
公开(公告)日：2015-12-24
申请号：US14743779
申请日：2015-06-18
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN , Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA
CPC classification number: C09K8/32 , C09K8/035 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/685 , C09K8/80 , C09K8/82 , C09K8/88 , C09K8/887 , C09K8/90 , C09K2208/08 , C09K2208/10
Abstract: This disclosure provides drilling fluids and additives as well as fracturing fluids and additives that contain cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals. In some embodiments, hydrophobic nanocellulose is provided which can be incorporated into oil-based fluids and additives. These water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include lignosulfonates and other biomass-derived components. Also, these water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include enzymes. The drilling and fracturing fluids and additives described herein may be produced using the AVAP® process technology to produce a nanocellulose precursor, followed by low-energy refining to produce nanocellulose for incorporation into a variety of drilling and fracturing fluids and additives.
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22.发明申请PROCESSES FOR CO-PRODUCING XYLITOL WITH ETHANOL OR OTHER FERMENTATION PRODUCTS 审中-公开用乙醇或其他发酵产品生产XYLITOL的方法公开(公告)号：US20150275237A1
公开(公告)日：2015-10-01
申请号：US14663437
申请日：2015-03-19
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN
Abstract: What is disclosed is a biorefining process to co-produce xylitol with ethanol or other products. In some variations, a process for producing ethanol and xylitol from lignocellulosic biomass, comprises: extracting hemicelluloses from lignocellulosic biomass, wherein the hemicelluloses include xylose oligomers and other sugar oligomers; hydrolyzing the xylose oligomers and the other sugar oligomers, using an acid catalyst or enzymes, to generate xylose and other sugar monomers, respectively; fermenting the other sugar monomers to ethanol using a suitable ethanol-producing microorganism; removing at least some of the ethanol (to increase concentration of xylose); fermenting the xylose to xylitol using a suitable xylitol-producing microorganism; and recovering the xylitol at high concentration.
Abstract translation: 公开的是用乙醇或其他产物共同生产木糖醇的生物精制方法。 在一些变型中，从木质纤维素生物质生产乙醇和木糖醇的方法包括：从木质纤维素生物质中提取半纤维素，其中所述半纤维素包括木糖低聚物和其它糖低聚物; 使用酸催化剂或酶水解木糖低聚物和其它糖低聚物以分别产生木糖和其它糖单体; 使用合适的乙醇生产微生物将其他糖单体发酵成乙醇; 去除至少一些乙醇（以增加木糖的浓度）; 使用合适的产生木糖醇的微生物将木糖发酵成木糖醇; 并以高浓度回收木糖醇。
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23.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140155301A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-05
申请号：US14092908
申请日：2013-11-27
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Ryan O'CONNOR
CPC classification number: C08B15/08 , C07G1/00 , C08B15/00 , C08B15/02 , C08B37/0057 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C12P7/04 , C12P7/10 , C12P7/14 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/28 , C12P7/46 , C12P7/56 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P2201/00 , C12P2203/00 , C13K1/02 , D21C3/04 , D21C3/06 , D21C3/20 , D21C5/00 , D21C5/005 , D21C9/002 , D21C9/007 , D21C9/10 , D21C11/0007 , D21H11/18 , Y02E50/16 , Y02P40/44
Abstract: Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity nanocellulose with surprisingly low mechanical energy input. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form nanofibrils and/or nanocrystals. The total mechanical energy may be less than 500 kilowatt-hours per ton. The crystallinity of the nanocellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. The nanocellulose material may include nanofibrillated cellulose, nanocrystalline cellulose, or both. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose material is hydrophobic via deposition of some lignin onto the cellulose surface. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the nanocellulose to form completely renewable composites.
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公开(公告)号：US20140150334A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-05
申请号：US14173332
申请日：2014-02-05
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN
CPC classification number: C10L5/44 , C08B37/0057 , C08H8/00 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C13K13/007 , F23G7/10 , F23G7/105 , F23G2900/50206 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/15 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/30 , Y02P20/136
Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and optionally recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be further hydrolyzed to produce additional fermentable sugars. The fermentable sugars may be fermented to ethanol or another product.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供了将生物质转化为能量密集生物质用于燃烧的方法，单独或与另一种固体燃料组合。 一些实施方案提供了用于从纤维素生物质生产能量密度生物质的方法，包括用蒸汽和/或热水萃取原料以产生含有半纤维素低聚物，溶解的木质素和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 分离萃取液，产生脱水的富含纤维素的固体; 水解脱水的富含纤维素的固体，从而除去一部分纤维素，以产生中等固体（具有较高的能量密度）和水解产物; 干燥中间体固体以产生能量密集的生物质; 并任选地从水解产物中回收可发酵的糖。 能量密度生物质可以被造粒成生物质颗粒，其可以具有与来自木材的焙烧颗粒相似的能量密度。 半纤维素低聚物可进一步水解以产生额外的可发酵糖。 可发酵糖可以发酵成乙醇或其他产品。
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25.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20140096923A1
公开(公告)日：2014-04-10
申请号：US14044790
申请日：2013-10-02
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Steven R. RUTHERFORD
CPC classification number: D21C3/22 , C08B1/00 , C08B37/0057 , C08H8/00 , C12P7/10 , C12P7/16 , C12P7/54 , C12P7/56 , C12P19/14 , C13K1/02 , D21B1/02 , D21B1/021 , D21C1/02 , D21C3/02 , D21C3/08 , D21C3/20 , D21C3/222 , D21C3/26 , D21C9/02 , D21C11/0007 , D21H11/00 , Y02E50/16
Abstract: The GreenBox+ technology is suitable to extract hemicellulose sugars prior to pulping of biomass into pulp products. The revenue obtainable from the sugar stream can significantly improve the economics of a pulp and paper mill. An initial extraction and recovery of sugars is followed by production of a pulp product with similar or better properties. Other co-products such as acetates and furfural are also possible. Some variations provide a process for co-producing pulp and hemicellulosic sugars from biomass, comprising: digesting the biomass in the presence of steam and/or hot water to extract hemicellulose into a liquid phase; washing the extracted solids, thereby generating a liquid wash filtrate and washed solids; separating the liquid wash filtrate from the washed solids; refining the washed solids at a refining pH of about 4 or higher, thereby generating pulp; and hydrolyzing the hemicellulose to generate hemicellulosic fermentable sugars.
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Patent Agency Ranking
26.发明申请PROCESSES AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING ENERGY-DENSE BIOMASS FOR COMBUSTION AND FERMENTABLE SUGARS FROM THE BIOMASS 有权生产能量密度生物质的方法和设备，用于生物质燃烧和可食用的糖公开(公告)号：US20130244291A1
公开(公告)日：2013-09-19
申请号：US13829355
申请日：2013-03-14
Applicant: API INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY HOLDINGS, LLC
Inventor： Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN
CPC classification number: C10L5/44 , C08B37/0057 , C08H8/00 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C13K13/007 , F23G7/10 , F23G7/105 , F23G2900/50206 , Y02E50/10 , Y02E50/15 , Y02E50/16 , Y02E50/30 , Y02P20/136
Abstract: This invention provides processes to convert biomass into energy-dense biomass for combustion, alone or in combination with another solid fuel. Some embodiments provide processes for producing fermentable sugars and energy-dense biomass from cellulosic biomass, comprising extracting the feedstock with steam and/or hot water to produce an extract liquor containing hemicellulosic oligomers, dissolved lignin, and cellulose-rich solids; separating the extract liquor, to produce dewatered cellulose-rich solids; hydrolyzing the dewatered cellulose-rich solids, thereby removing a portion of the cellulose, to produce intermediate solids (with higher energy density) and a hydrolysate; drying the intermediate solids to produce energy-dense biomass; and recovering fermentable sugars from the hydrolysate. The energy-dense biomass may be pelletized into biomass pellets, which may have a similar energy density as torrefied pellets from wood. The hemicellulosic oligomers may be further hydrolyzed to produce additional fermentable sugars. The fermentable sugars may be fermented to ethanol or another product.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供了将生物质转化为能量密集生物质用于燃烧的方法，单独或与另一种固体燃料组合。 一些实施方案提供了用于从纤维素生物质生产可发酵糖和能量密度生物质的方法，包括用蒸汽和/或热水萃取原料以产生含有半纤维素低聚物，溶解的木质素和富含纤维素的固体的提取液; 分离萃取液，产生脱水的富含纤维素的固体; 水解脱水的富含纤维素的固体，从而除去一部分纤维素，以产生中等固体（具有较高的能量密度）和水解产物; 干燥中间体固体以产生能量密集的生物质; 并从水解产物中回收可发酵糖。 能量密度生物质可以被造粒成生物质颗粒，其可以具有与来自木材的焙烧颗粒相似的能量密度。 半纤维素低聚物可进一步水解以产生额外的可发酵糖。 可发酵糖可以发酵成乙醇或其他产品。
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27.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20190298838A1
公开(公告)日：2019-10-03
申请号：US16272526
申请日：2019-02-11
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN
Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a process for producing a microcrystalline cellulose material, comprising: fractionating lignocellulosic biomass feedstock in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; chemically and/or mechanically treating the cellulose-rich solids to form microcrystalline cellulose having an average crystallinity of at least 60%; and recovering the microcrystalline cellulose as a pharmaceutical excipient. The pharmaceutical excipient may function as an antiadherent, a binder, a coating, or a disintegrant. In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical excipient further comprises a lignin-derived lubricant, glidant, sorbent, preservative, or other component. The pharmaceutical excipient may be present in a pill, tablet, capsule, powder, slurry, or other pharmaceutically effective and acceptable form.
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28.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20190249066A1
公开(公告)日：2019-08-15
申请号：US16247266
申请日：2019-01-14
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Jean-Pierre MONCLIN , Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA
IPC: C09K8/32 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/90 , C09K8/88 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/035 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/80 , C09K8/82
CPC classification number: C09K8/32 , C09K8/035 , C09K8/10 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/685 , C09K8/80 , C09K8/82 , C09K8/88 , C09K8/887 , C09K8/90 , C09K2208/08 , C09K2208/10
Abstract: This disclosure provides drilling fluids and additives as well as fracturing fluids and additives that contain cellulose nanofibers and/or cellulose nanocrystals. In some embodiments, hydrophobic nanocellulose is provided which can be incorporated into oil-based fluids and additives. These water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include lignosulfonates and other biomass-derived components. Also, these water-based or oil-based fluids and additives may further include enzymes. The drilling and fracturing fluids and additives described herein may be produced using the AVAP® process technology to produce a nanocellulose precursor, followed by low-energy refining to produce nanocellulose for incorporation into a variety of drilling and fracturing fluids and additives.
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公开(公告)号：US20180179348A1
公开(公告)日：2018-06-28
申请号：US15807763
申请日：2017-11-09
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Theodora RETSINA
Abstract: Nanocellulose-reinforced cellulose fibers can increase the strength of hardwood fibers or agricultural-residue cellulose fibers, to simulate the strength of softwood fibers in pulp or pulp products (including composites). In some variations, the invention provides a method of reinforcing cellulose fibers, comprising providing cellulose fibers derived from hardwoods, agricultural residues, or a combination thereof; providing a source of nanocellulose comprising cellulose nanofibrils and/or cellulose nanocrystals; and reinforcing the cellulose fibers with the nanocellulose to increase strength of the cellulose fibers. In some embodiments, the nanocellulose is obtained from fractionating biomass in the presence of an acid, a solvent for lignin, and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid phase; and then mechanically refining the cellulose-rich solids to generate the nanocellulose.
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30.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20170335138A1
公开(公告)日：2017-11-23
申请号：US15609836
申请日：2017-05-31
Applicant: API Intellectual Property Holdings, LLC
Inventor： Kimberly NELSON , Theodora RETSINA , Vesa PYLKKANEN , Ryan O'CONNOR
IPC: C09D197/00 , C08B37/00 , C08H7/00 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C08L5/14 , C08L97/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P19/02 , C12P7/10 , C13K1/02 , C09K8/035 , C08L97/00 , C04B16/02 , D21H17/23 , D21H17/25 , D21H19/34 , D21H19/52
CPC classification number: C09D197/005 , C04B16/02 , C08B37/0057 , C08H6/00 , C08H8/00 , C08L1/02 , C08L5/14 , C08L97/005 , C08L97/02 , C09K8/035 , C09K2208/08 , C12P7/10 , C12P19/02 , C12P19/14 , C12P2203/00 , C13K1/02 , D21H17/23 , D21H17/25 , D21H19/34 , D21H19/52 , Y02E50/16 , Y10T428/2991 , C04B20/1029
Abstract: Processes disclosed are capable of converting biomass into high-crystallinity, hydrophobic cellulose. In some variations, the process includes fractionating biomass with an acid (such as sulfur dioxide), a solvent (such as ethanol), and water, to generate cellulose-rich solids and a liquid containing hemicellulose and lignin; and depositing lignin onto cellulose fibers to produce lignin-coated cellulose materials (such as dissolving pulp). The crystallinity of the cellulose material may be 80% or higher, translating into good reinforcing properties for composites. Optionally, sugars derived from amorphous cellulose and hemicellulose may be separately fermented, such as to monomers for various polymers. These polymers may be combined with the hydrophobic cellulose to form completely renewable composites.
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