公开(公告)号：US3316070A

公开(公告)日：1967-04-25

申请号：US30581563

申请日：1963-08-30

Applicant: PEROLIN CO INC

Inventor： SCOTT JAMES F

IPC: B21C3/08 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/28 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02M25/00

CPC classification number: F02M25/00 ,  B21C3/08 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/28 ,  F02B3/06 ,  F02B77/04 ,  F02D2200/0606

Abstract: The fouling of ports and/or valves in diesel engines by carbonaceous deposits when operated with a distillate diesel fuel, a residual fuel oil, or a mixture thereof, is prevented by uniformly mixing with the fuel a source of silica selected from organic and inorganic silicon compounds which provide free SiO2 at fuel combustion temperature, such source of silica being present in an amount to provide 30-300 ppm. of SiO2 in the fuel. Suitable sources of silica are silica itself (e.g. of 5-10 millimicron particle size), and a solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate in methyl naphthalene. Specifications 777,518 and 842,821 are referred to.

公开(公告)号：US20170283727A1

公开(公告)日：2017-10-05

申请号：US15623218

申请日：2017-06-14

Applicant: Tremaine Jackson

Inventor： Tremaine Jackson

IPC: C10L7/02 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/02

CPC classification number: C10L7/02 ,  C10L1/02 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  C10L1/1208 ,  C10L1/1225 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1266 ,  C10L1/1275 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1988 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/2381 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/285 ,  C10L1/322 ,  C10L5/445 ,  C10L9/06 ,  C10L2200/0469 ,  C10L2200/0476 ,  C10L2250/04 ,  C10L2290/10 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/13 ,  Y02E50/30 ,  Y02T50/678

Abstract: A fuel composition that provides a renewable biofuel energy source for reducing dependence on fossil fuels and improving air quality by reducing the amount of carbon monoxide released into the air during combustion. The fuel composition includes an energy crop comprising: a solid granular component being suspended in a liquid non-petroleum plant based fuel. The liquid fuel containing the granular component is efficacious in releasing copious quantities of vapor for burning. The vapor provides a more complete and efficient burn. The fuel composition further comprises an oxidizing agent for removing a plurality of electrons from the granular component during combustion, and/or an additive that imparts a change in the physical properties of the fuel composition.

公开(公告)号：US09556393B2

公开(公告)日：2017-01-31

申请号：US14067436

申请日：2013-10-30

Applicant: General Electric Company

Inventor： Michel Marie Raymond Moliere

IPC: F02C3/20 ,  C10L10/04 ,  F02C3/24 ,  F23J7/00 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/12 ,  F02C7/30 ,  F02C3/30 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30

CPC classification number: C10L10/04 ,  C10L1/10 ,  C10L1/1233 ,  C10L1/1291 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L2200/0213 ,  C10L2200/0218 ,  C10L2200/0222 ,  C10L2200/024 ,  C10L2200/0272 ,  C10L2200/0438 ,  C10L2270/04 ,  C10L2290/58 ,  C10L2290/60 ,  F02C3/24 ,  F02C3/30 ,  F02C7/30 ,  F23J7/00

Abstract: A method of inhibiting vanadic corrosion of a hot part of a gas turbine system is provided. The method includes introducing, in the combustor, a first oxide comprising magnesium oxide (MgO) and at least one second oxide from among Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2 and SiO2. A ratio “m” of a number of moles of MgO to a number of moles of V2O5 and a ratio “a” of a total number of moles of the at least one second oxide to the number of moles of V2O5 satisfy two conditions based on a firing temperature of the expansion turbine, an average density of one or more double oxides formed by a reaction between MgO and the at least one second oxide, and an average Knoop hardness of the one or more double oxides formed by the reaction between MgO and the at least one second oxide.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种抑制燃气轮机系统的热部分的钒腐蚀的方法。 该方法包括在燃烧器中引入包含氧化镁（MgO）和来自Al 2 O 3，Fe 2 O 3，TiO 2和SiO 2中的至少一种第二氧化物的第一氧化物。 MgO的摩尔数与V 2 O 5的摩尔数的比“m”以及至少一种第二氧化物的总摩尔数与V 2 O 5的摩尔数之比“a”满足以下条件： 膨胀涡轮机的烧成温度，通过MgO和至少一种第二氧化物之间的反应形成的一种或多种双氧化物的平均密度，以及通过MgO与MgO的反应形成的一种或多种双重氧化物的平均Knoop硬度 所述至少一种第二氧化物。

公开(公告)号：US20100113767A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-06

申请号：US12593097

申请日：2008-03-31

Applicant: Thomas Gessner ,  Ruediger Sens ,  Wolfgang Ahlers ,  Christos Vamvakaris

Inventor： Thomas Gessner ,  Ruediger Sens ,  Wolfgang Ahlers ,  Christos Vamvakaris

IPC: C09B47/04

CPC classification number: C09B47/08 ,  C09B47/0673 ,  C09B47/22 ,  C10L1/003 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10M171/007 ,  C10M2227/09

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the general formula (I) by reacting the compound of the general formula (II) where L, L′ are the same or different and are each independently Cl or OH in the presence of a. chlorine compounds Cl-M2R1R2R3, Cl-M3R4R5R6, with the proviso that L and L′ are not both simultaneously OH, or b. hydroxyl compounds HO-M2R1R2R3, HO-M3R4R5R6. The use of compounds of the general formula (I) as markers for liquids and a process for detecting markers in liquids.

Abstract translation: 通过使通式（II）的化合物，其中L，L'相同或不同，并且各自独立地为Cl或OH，在a的存在下反应，制备通式（I）的化合物的方法。 氯化合物C1-M2R1R2R3，C1-M3R4R5R6，条件是L和L'不同时为OH，或b。 羟基化合物HO-M2R1R2R3，HO-M3R4R5R6。 使用通式（I）的化合物作为液体的标记物，以及检测液体中的标记物的方法。

公开(公告)号：US20090011937A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-08

申请号：US12223289

申请日：2007-02-01

Applicant: Herve R. Vantieghem ,  Matthias Bauer ,  Andreas Haase

Inventor： Herve R. Vantieghem ,  Matthias Bauer ,  Andreas Haase

IPC: A01N43/54 ,  A01N43/84 ,  A01P21/00

CPC classification number: A01N43/653 ,  A01N37/50 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N61/00 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/233 ,  C10L1/2335 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2418 ,  C10L1/2425 ,  C10L1/2456 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L10/00 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C11B1/06 ,  C11C3/003 ,  A01N2300/00

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of certain fungicides for increasing the quality and, if appropriate, the quantity of oil crop products. It also relates to the use of these fungicides for reducing the brittleness of the seed coats of seed oil crops. Furthermore, it relates to oil plant products which can be obtained from oil crops which have been treated with these fungicides, for example oils or seeds from oil crops which have been treated in this manner. Furthermore, it also relates to renewable fuels which comprise the oil according to the invention and/or reaction products thereof. Finally, it relates to a method of improving the combustion in engines and furnace installations, in which these are operated at least to some extent with a suitable oil crop product according to the invention.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及某些杀真菌剂用于提高油料作物产品的质量和（如果合适的话）数量的用途。 它还涉及这些杀真菌剂用于降低种子油作物的种皮脆性的用途。 此外，它涉及可以从用这些杀真菌剂处理的油料作物获得的油料产品，例如已经以这种方式处理的油料作物的油或种子。 此外，它还涉及包含根据本发明的油和/或其反应产物的可再生燃料。 最后，本发明涉及一种改善发动机和炉子装置中的燃烧的方法，其中这些方法至少在一定程度上与根据本发明的合适的油料产品一起运行。

公开(公告)号：US5733953A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US496489

申请日：1995-06-29

Applicant: Keith Fairchild ,  Robert Tipton ,  John F. Motier ,  Nagesh S. Kommareddi

Inventor： Keith Fairchild ,  Robert Tipton ,  John F. Motier ,  Nagesh S. Kommareddi

IPC: C08F6/12 ,  C09K3/00 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/28 ,  F17D1/16 ,  C08J3/00 ,  C08K5/24 ,  C08L5/36 ,  C08L5/48

CPC classification number: F17D1/16 ,  C08F6/12 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/28

Abstract: Low viscosity, high concentration drag reducing agents may be prepared by slowly adding a liquid, non-solvent (e.g. isopropyl alcohol) for a drag reducing polymer (e.g. a polyalphaolefin) to a mixture of the polymer and the solvent (e.g. kerosene) in which the polymer is dissolved. When enough non-solvent is added, the polymer precipitates into fine particles. The supernatant mixture of solvent and non-solvent is then removed from the precipitated polymer slurry concentrate. Further solvent contained in the slurry concentrate may be removed by evaporation or further extraction with the liquid, non-solvent. The resulting slurry concentrate dissolves rapidly in flowing hydrocarbon streams to reduce the drag therein, and gives exceptionally good drag reducing results at low concentrations. Additionally, no injection probes or other special equipment is required to introduce the drag reducing slurry into the hydrocarbon stream, nor is grinding of the polymer necessary to form a suitable DRA slurry.

Abstract translation: 低粘度，高浓度的减阻剂可以通过向聚合物和溶剂（例如煤油）的混合物中缓慢加入用于减阻聚合物（例如聚α-烯烃）的液体非溶剂（例如异丙醇）来制备，其中 聚合物溶解。 当加入足够的非溶剂时，聚合物沉淀成细颗粒。 然后从沉淀的聚合物淤浆浓缩物中除去溶剂和非溶剂的上清液混合物。 可以通过蒸发或用液体非溶剂进一步萃取来除去浆料浓缩物中所含的其它溶剂。 所得到的浆料浓缩物快速溶解在流动的烃流中以减少其中的阻力，并且在低浓度下给出非常好的减阻结果。 另外，不需要注射探针或其他特殊设备将减阻剂引入烃流中，也不需要研磨形成合适的DRA浆料所需的聚合物。

公开(公告)号：US5732548A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US319620

申请日：1994-10-07

Applicant: Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn

Inventor： Jeremy D. Peter-Hoblyn

IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/26 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  C10L10/00 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10M159/18 ,  F01M3/00 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B47/00 ,  F02B51/02 ,  F02B75/02 ,  F01N3/20

CPC classification number: F02B47/00 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/1814 ,  C10L1/301 ,  C10L1/305 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10M159/18 ,  F01M3/00 ,  F02B51/02 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1633 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/1691 ,  C10L1/1832 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1905 ,  C10L1/191 ,  C10L1/1985 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/207 ,  C10L1/2412 ,  C10L1/2633 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/306 ,  C10M2201/065 ,  C10M2227/08 ,  C10N2210/07 ,  C10N2240/105 ,  F02B1/04 ,  F02B2075/025 ,  F05C2201/0427 ,  Y02T10/121 ,  Y02T10/126

Abstract: The effectiveness is prolonged for catalytic oxidizers to reduce emissions of both HC and CO from two-stroke gasoline engines. A compound of a platinum group metal is added to the cylinder of the engine, to make it available as an active oxidation catalyst by combustion of the fuel. Preferably, the platinum group metal compound is added with the lubricating oil, but can be added to the fuel or through a separate injection.

Abstract translation: 催化氧化剂可以延长二氧化碳汽油发动机HC和CO排放的效果。 将铂族金属的化合物加入到发动机的气缸中，通过燃料的燃烧使其作为活性氧化催化剂得到。 优选地，铂族金属化合物加入润滑油，但可以加入到燃料中或通过单独的注入。

公开(公告)号：US4824982A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-25

申请号：US576621

申请日：1984-02-03

Applicant: Hans-Joachim Vahlensieck ,  Hans-Joachim Koetzsch

Inventor： Hans-Joachim Vahlensieck ,  Hans-Joachim Koetzsch

IPC: B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/00 ,  B01J27/08 ,  B01J27/14 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07F7/08 ,  C07F7/12 ,  C10L1/28

CPC classification number: C07F7/0874 ,  C07F7/123 ,  C10L1/28

Abstract: A method for the cleavage of organosiloxanes with chlorosilanes in the presence of ferric chloride and hydrogen chloride as catalysts resulting in chloroalkyl silanes or chloroaryl silanes, and organosiloxanes, which are characterized by one or more --O--Si--R.sub.3 groups, (R.dbd.alkyl or aryl), which are directly bound to a silicon atom which in turn is bound either to the same grouping or to an alkyl or aryl moiety.

Abstract translation: 在氯化铁和氯化氢作为催化剂存在下，用氯代硅烷切割有机硅氧烷的方法，得到氯烷基硅烷或氯代芳基硅烷，和有机硅氧烷，其特征在于一个或多个-O-Si-R 3基团（R =烷基 或芳基），其直接结合到硅原子上，硅原子又结合到相同的基团或与烷基或芳基部分结合。

公开(公告)号：US4466997A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-21

申请号：US337376

申请日：1982-01-06

Applicant: Roger Prescott

Inventor： Roger Prescott

IPC: C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/30 ,  F01D5/00 ,  F01D5/28 ,  F01D25/00 ,  F02C7/30 ,  B32B35/00

CPC classification number: F01D25/007 ,  C04B41/009 ,  C04B41/52 ,  C04B41/89 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C10L1/303 ,  C10L1/305 ,  F01D5/005 ,  F01D5/288 ,  F02C7/30

Abstract: A method for maintaining and/or repairing a protective coating on the surfaces of at least one component in a high temperature zone of an engine during operation thereof wherein selected additives are employed in the engine's fuel.

Abstract translation: 在发动机的运行期间，在发动机的高温区域中的至少一个部件的表面上保持和/或修理保护涂层的方法，其中在发动机的燃料中使用选择的添加剂。

公开(公告)号：US4013661A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-22

申请号：US461685

申请日：1974-04-17

Applicant: Reinhard A. Sulzbach ,  Abul F. M. Iqbal

Inventor： Reinhard A. Sulzbach ,  Abul F. M. Iqbal

IPC: C07F7/10 ,  C08K5/544 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24 ,  C10L1/28 ,  C07D215/58 ,  C07D211/92

CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C07F7/10 ,  C08K5/5442 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/2443 ,  C10L1/28

Abstract: Substituted 1,2-dihydropyridines of the formula ##SPC1##In which R and R.sup.2 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, silyl, silyl linked via oxygen, silyl linked via nitrogen, sulfamyl, organosulfonamido, nitro, organic radical, organic radical linked via oxygen, organic radical linked via sulfur, organic radical linked via nitrogen, organic radical linked via --SO-- and organic radical linked via --SO.sub.2 --; with the proviso that the R.sup.2 groupings when joined together form an ortho condensed cyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon; R.sup.1 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, --NH.sub.2, silyl, silyl linked via oxygen, silyl linked via nitrogen, sulfamyl, organosulfonamido, nitro, organic radical, organic radical linked via oxygen, organic radical linked via sulfur, organic radical linked via nitrogen, organic radical linked via --SO-- organic radical linked via --SO.sub.2 --, mercapto, sulfino and sulfo; R.sup.3 is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, and methyl; and Z is a member selected from the group consisting of halogen and an electron-withdrawing group containing an electronegative atom doubly or triply bonded to a more positive atom which atom is singly bonded to the carbon atom attached to the pyridine ring. Exemplary of such compositions is 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-(1-cyanoethyl)-1,2-dihydropyridine. The compounds of the invention are useful as antioxidants for polyphenyl ethers, as stabilizers for halogenated polyhydrocarbons, as curing agents for silicones and epoxide resins, as dyeing improvers for polyesters and as fuel additives for imparting hypergolic properties.