公开(公告)号：US20060060759A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-23

申请号：US10944807

申请日：2004-09-21

Applicant: Joe Predina ,  Frederick Williams

Inventor： Joe Predina ,  Frederick Williams

IPC: H01J3/14 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G01J5/522 ,  G01J1/08 ,  G01J3/4535 ,  G01N2201/124

Abstract: A system for measuring optical detector linearity according to the present invention employs a laser source that illuminates an integrating sphere. The sphere randomizes the laser signal phase and produces a uniform intensity over the sphere output. A collimator expands the sphere output for entry into an interferometer, where the incident optical energy is amplitude modulated in a sinusoidal fashion by a linear mechanical mirror movement. Optical band filters eliminate significant harmonic content being present on a pre-detected optical signal. Sampling of the detected signal energy is performed synchronous to the mechanical mirror position to assure sinusoidal response. The sampled signals are processed to separately determine signal harmonic components attributed to detector non-linearity and multiple laser reflections within the system. The system utilizes at least two measurements at two different laser intensities. An optional third measurement of background radiance may be applied to the first two measurements to enhance accuracy.

公开(公告)号：US20050275847A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-15

申请号：US10508960

申请日：2004-10-06

Applicant: Danny Moshe

Inventor： Danny Moshe

IPC: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/45

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0237 ,  G01J3/0259 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/4532

Abstract: Real time high speed high resolution hyper-spectral imaging. (a) electromagnetic radiation collimating element (16), collimating electromagnetic radiation (44) emitted by objects (12) in a scene or a sample (14); (b) optical interferometer (18), receiving and dividing collimated object emission beam, generating interference images, and piezoelectrically determining and changing magnitude of optical path difference of divided collimated object emission beam; optical interferometer (18) includes: beam splitter (20′), fixed mirror (22), movable mirror (24), piezoelectric motor (26), displacing movable mirror (24) along axis (60), distance change feedback sensor (28), sensing and measuring change in distance of movable mirror (24) along axis (60), piezoelectric motor controller (30), actuating and controlling piezoelectric motor (26); and thermo-mechanically stable optical interferometer mount (32A); (c) camera optics (34), focusing interference images of each optical path difference; (d) detector (36), recording interference images; processing unit (38), and (f) display (40).

Abstract translation: 实时高速高分辨率超光谱成像。 （a）电磁辐射准直元件（16），对由物体（12）在场景或样本（14）中发射的电磁辐射（44）进行准直; （b）光学干涉仪（18），接收和分割准直物体发射光束，产生干涉图像，以及压电确定和改变分割的准直对象发射光束的光程差大小; 光干涉仪（18）包括：分束器（20'），固定反射镜（22），可移动反射镜（24），压电马达（26），沿轴线（60）移动可移动镜（24），距离变化反馈传感器 ），感测和测量可移动镜（24）沿轴线（60）的距离变化，压电马达控制器（30），致动和控制压电马达（26）; 和热机械稳定的光学干涉仪安装座（32A）; （c）相机光学器件（34），聚焦每个光程差的干涉图像; （d）检测器（36），记录干涉图像; 处理单元（38）和（f）显示器（40）。

公开(公告)号：US06570658B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-27

申请号：US09538155

申请日：2000-03-29

Applicant: Fumio Akikuni ,  Akio Ichikawa ,  Eiichi Sano

Inventor： Fumio Akikuni ,  Akio Ichikawa ,  Eiichi Sano

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/4532 ,  G01J3/4535

Abstract: An optical part driving device for moving an optical part, comprises; a driving timing pulley, a pair of driven timing pulleys, a timing belt wound by the driving timing pulley and the driven timing pulleys and connected with the optical part between the pair of driven timing pulleys, and a pair of tension pulleys for tensing the timing belt on both sides of the driving timing pulley.

Abstract translation: 一种用于移动光学部件的光学部件驱动装置，包括： 驱动正时皮带轮，一对驱动正时皮带轮，由驱动正时皮带轮缠绕的同步皮带轮和从动定时皮带轮，并连接在一对驱动正时滑轮之间的光学部件和一对张紧皮带轮， 皮带两侧的驱动正时滑轮。

公开(公告)号：US06322037B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

申请号：US09676592

申请日：2000-09-29

Applicant: Tomoaki Nanko ,  Hisanori Hayashi ,  Minoru Otsubo ,  Katsumi Isozaki

Inventor： Tomoaki Nanko ,  Hisanori Hayashi ,  Minoru Otsubo ,  Katsumi Isozaki

IPC: A47G124

CPC classification number: G02B7/1828 ,  G01B2290/35 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/4535

Abstract: A moving mirror support device for use with photo-interferometers having first leaf springs arranged in parallel with one end thereof being fixed to a base; a coupling plate fixed to the other ends of the first leaf springs; and second leaf springs arranged in parallel with each of the first springs with one end thereof being fixed to the coupling plate and the other end being fixed to the moving mirror, whereby longitudinal and transverse displacements of the moving mirror can be more accurately controlled.

Abstract translation: 一种与光干涉仪一起使用的移动镜支撑装置，其具有与其一端平行设置的第一片弹簧固定在基座上; 固定到第一板簧的另一端的联接板; 以及与每个第一弹簧平行设置的第二板簧，其一端固定到联接板，另一端固定到移动反射镜，由此可以更精确地控制移动反射镜的纵向和横向位移。

公开(公告)号：US06297504B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09324152

申请日：1999-06-02

Applicant: Michael Paul Andreou

Inventor： Michael Paul Andreou

IPC: G01N2135

CPC classification number: G01J5/0014 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/4535 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/068 ,  G01J2005/583 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3518 ,  G01N2021/1765 ,  G01N2021/1774 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  H04N5/33

Abstract: A method for imaging a quantity of gas present in the atmosphere of a selected area. The method comprises the steps of directing background infra-red radiation from the selected area into an interferometer; imaging the infra-red radiation emerging from the interferometer onto at least one infra-red detector: obtaining a plurality of Fouriertransform infra-red spectra in the 8-14 micrometer spectral region, each spectrum coitesponding to infra-red radiation collected from a different portion of the selected area; and displaying in a suitable form an infra-red image, the infra-red image comprising the plurality of infra-red spectra, or quantities derived therefrom. The temperature of the quantity of gas or ambient temperature is measured, the temperature of the background is measured, and the difference between the two measured temperatures is used to derive gas column densities from the infra-red spectra.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对选定区域的气氛中存在的气体成像的方法。 该方法包括将来自所选区域的背景红外辐射引导到干涉仪中的步骤; 将从干涉仪出射的红外辐射成像到至少一个红外检测器上：在8-14微米光谱区域中获得多个四变换红外光谱，每个光谱响应于从不同部分收集的红外辐射 的选区; 并以合适的形式显示红外图像，包括多个红外光谱的红外图像或从其衍生的量。 测量气体或环境温度的温度，测量背景温度，并且使用两个测量温度之间的差异从红外光谱导出气柱密度。

公开(公告)号：US6124929A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-26

申请号：US135765

申请日：1998-08-18

Applicant: Stephen C. Weibel

Inventor： Stephen C. Weibel

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535 ,  G01J3/021

Abstract: A Michelson interferometer includes a beamsplitter onto which an input light beam is directed. The beamsplitter divides the input light beam into a first beam portion incident upon a first fixed reflector and a second beam portion incident upon a movable retroreflector. The movable retroreflector reflects the second beam onto another fixed reflector and then back to the beamsplitter where the first and second beams are combined and directed to a detector. The movable retroreflector is attached to one end of a rotating arm moving at a constant angular velocity. The retroreflector reflects the second beam at a fixed location in its orbital path. The angular velocity of the retroreflector and rotating arm combination may be varied over a wide range to provide a large modulated frequency bandwidth. The operating duty cycle of the interferometer may be doubled by attaching a second retroreflector to the other end of the rotating arm, with the weights of the two retroreflectors counterbalancing each other. The interferometer's optical alignment is insensitive to angular tilt and lateral shear (horizontal and vertical translation) of the interferometer's scanning element.

Abstract translation: 迈克尔逊干涉仪包括一个输入光束被引导到的分束器。 分束器将输入光束分成入射在第一固定反射器上的第一光束部分和入射到可移动后向反射器上的第二光束部分。 可移动后向反射器将第二光束反射到另一个固定的反射器上，然后返回到分束器，其中第一和第二光束被组合并被引导到检测器。 可移动后向反射器附接到以恒定角速度移动的旋转臂的一端。 后向反射器将第二光束反射到其轨道中的固定位置。 后向反射器和旋转臂组合的角速度可以在宽范围内变化以提供大的调制频率带宽。 通过将第二后向反射器附接到旋转臂的另一端，干涉仪的工作占空比可以加倍，两个逆反射器的重量彼此平衡。 干涉仪的光学对准对干涉仪扫描元件的角度倾斜和横向剪切（水平和垂直平移）不敏感。

公开(公告)号：US5696582A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-09

申请号：US470333

申请日：1995-06-06

Applicant: Wolfgang Barwald ,  Thomas Terzibaschian ,  Marita Wahlisch

Inventor： Wolfgang Barwald ,  Thomas Terzibaschian ,  Marita Wahlisch

IPC: G01J3/453 ,  G01B9/62

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535

Abstract: In a Fourier spectrometer arrangement for Fourier transforming an interferogram for determining the optic spectrum of a radiation, the readout of the interferogram is decoupled from particular phase positions of the reference signal through elimination of otherwise required synchronization with an external fixed clock pulse to thereby enable a lowering of the reference frequency and simultaneously to maintain or increase the scan frequency of the interferogram. The Fourier spectrometer arrangement includes an extrapolation filter which receives the incoming reference signal and employs adaptive state estimation processes in order to generate extrapolation values by which the future course of the reference signal can be projected. These extrapolation values can be calculated at times which are closer together than, e.g., zero crossings of the reference signal and may have an arbitrary phase position thereto. In this manner, the interferogram can be scanned at times which are independent of the phase position of the reference signal and, if necessary, at shorter intervals.

Abstract translation: 在用于傅里叶变换用于确定辐射的光谱的干涉图的傅立叶光谱仪布置中，通过消除与外部固定时钟脉冲的另外需要的同步，干涉图的读出与参考信号的特定相位位置分离，从而使得 降低参考频率并同时维持或增加干涉图的扫描频率。 傅立叶光谱仪装置包括外插滤波器，其接收输入的参考信号并采用自适应状态估计处理，以便产生可以投影参考信号的未来进程的外推值。 这些外推值可以在比参考信号的过零点更近的时间被计算，并且可以具有任意的相位位置。 以这种方式，可以在与参考信号的相位位置无关的时间扫描干涉图，并且如果需要，可以以更短的间隔扫描干涉图。

公开(公告)号：US5486917A

公开(公告)日：1996-01-23

申请号：US201757

申请日：1994-02-25

Applicant: Robert M. Carangelo ,  Mark D. Dettori ,  Lawrence J. Grigely ,  Terence C. Murray ,  Peter R. Solomon ,  C. Peter Van Dine ,  David D. Wright

Inventor： Robert M. Carangelo ,  Mark D. Dettori ,  Lawrence J. Grigely ,  Terence C. Murray ,  Peter R. Solomon ,  C. Peter Van Dine ,  David D. Wright

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535

Abstract: A multiplicity of one-piece flexure plates are assembled in pairs to provide a support system on which a retroreflector may be mounted for reciprocal motion. Combined with balance bodies, the flexure plates provide a support system having portions that are dynamically and statically balanced with one another, irrespective of orientation, so as to thereby immunize the unit against extraneous forces. The motion transfer assembly is especially adapted for use to support a moving retroreflector in a two-arm interferometer that may further include a beamsplitter assembly constructed from a one-piece, integrally formed body, the body having convergent, optically flat planar surfaces of specular reflectance, and means for adjustably mounting a beamsplitter therein. The spectrometer is of modular construction, and employs an integrated clocking sub-assembly as well as a light-weight voice-coil motor.

Abstract translation: 多个单件弯曲板成对组装以提供支撑系统，在该支撑系统上可安装回射器以便往复运动。 与平衡体结合，挠曲板提供了具有彼此动态和静态平衡的部分的支撑系统，而不管取向如何，从而免受单元的抵抗外力。 运动传递组件特别适于用于支撑双臂干涉仪中的移动后向反射器，其可进一步包括由单件整体形成的主体构成的分束器组件，该主体具有会聚的光学平面的镜面反射面 ，以及用于在其中可调节地安装分束器的装置。 光谱仪采用模块化结构，采用集成时钟子组件以及轻巧的音圈电机。

公开(公告)号：US5166749A

公开(公告)日：1992-11-24

申请号：US704304

申请日：1991-05-22

Applicant: Raul Curbelo ,  David B. Johnson

Inventor： Raul Curbelo ,  David B. Johnson

IPC: G01B9/02 ,  G01B11/00 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G05B19/39 ,  G05D3/12

CPC classification number: G05B19/39 ,  G01J3/4535

Abstract: A fast and effective way to step a relative position quantity by a reference interval. Each step in relative position includes open-loop and closed-loop control intervals. The invention contemplates an actuator capable of changing the relative position and a closed loop servo that acts on the actuator to keep the relative position centered on the nearest one of a series of reference values separated by the reference interval. The actuator is preferably capable of a fast response. Stepping the relative position is accomplished as follows, assuming an initial condition where the servo has locked the relative position to a particular initial reference value. First, the actuator is caused to change the relative position by an amount approximately equal to the reference interval in a manner that the servo cannot track the change, such as by disabling the servo. Servo control is then re-established, at which point the servo operates to keep the relative position centered on the nearest reference value. Servo control is maintained until a new step is required, at which time the process is repeated.

Abstract translation: 以相对位置数量为基准的一个快速而有效的方法。 相对位置的每个步骤包括开环和闭环控制间隔。 本发明考虑到能够改变相对位置的致动器和作用在致动器上的闭环伺服，以将相对位置保持在以基准间隔分开的一系列参考值中的最接近的位置为中心。 致动器优选地能够快速响应。 假设相对位置的步进如下，假定伺服器已将相对位置锁定到特定的初始参考值的初始状态。 首先，使得致动器以伺服不能跟踪变化的方式（例如通过禁用伺服）来将相对位置改变大约等于参考间隔的量。 然后重新建立伺服控制，此时伺服操作，以使相对位置以最近的参考值为中心。 维持伺服控制直到需要新的步骤，此时重复该过程。

公开(公告)号：US5133598A

公开(公告)日：1992-07-28

申请号：US761316

申请日：1991-09-17

Applicant: Robert R. Badeau

Inventor： Robert R. Badeau

IPC: G01D5/26 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G05B19/23

CPC classification number: G01J3/4535 ,  G01D5/266 ,  G05B19/23

Abstract: The velocity of a moving mirror in a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer is controlled by a circuit which utilizes a preset counter to generate pulses with a preset duration which are initiated at the zero-crossings of the signal from a detector of a laser light beam passed through the interferometer. This pulse signal is averaged and summed with a bias voltage and integrated and amplified to produce a drive current which is supplied to a drive coil which drives the moving mirror. When the mirror is moving too slowly, such that the preset duration pulses become a smaller fraction of the total time between zero crossings, the integrator provides an increased driving current and hence an increase in the speed of the mirror. If the mirror is moving too rapdily, the preset duration of the counter pulses will become a larger fraction of the time between zero crossings with a resultant reduction in the driving current and hence the velocity of the moving mirror.

Abstract translation: 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪中的移动反射镜的速度由利用预置计数器的电路来控制，该电路产生具有预设持续时间的脉冲，这些脉冲在来自通过的激光束的检测器的信号的过零点处开始 通过干涉仪。 该脉冲信号被平均化并且与偏置电压相加并且被积分和放大以产生驱动电流，该驱动电流被提供给驱动移动镜的驱动线圈。 当镜子移动太慢时，使得预设持续时间脉冲变为零交叉之间的总时间的较小部分，积分器提供增加的驱动电流并因此提供镜子的速度。 如果镜子过大，则计数器脉冲的预设持续时间将变为零交叉之间的较大部分时间，从而导致驱动电流的降低，从而导致移动镜的速度。