Abstract:
Provided in one example is an apparatus, including a microfluidic channel supported by a substrate. An optical spectrometer includes a waveguide supported by the substrate. The waveguide includes a coupler and outcouplers. A light source directs light to the coupler of the waveguide. Optical sensors are supported by the substrate. Each of the optical sensors is optically coupled to one of the outcouplers.
Abstract:
An interferometer (100) comprising a multimode waveguide (120) to which an input waveguide (110) is coupled at one side thereof. A first waveguide (130) is optically coupled to a second side of the multimode waveguide (120), and is terminated by a first waveguide mirror (150). A second waveguide (140) may be optically coupled to a second side of the multimode waveguide (120) and terminated by a second waveguide mirror (160), or a second waveguide mirror (160) may be directly optically coupled to a second side of the multimode waveguide (120). The multimode waveguide is adapted to distribute a light signal from the input waveguide (110) towards the first (150) and second (160) waveguide mirror via the first waveguide (130) and, if present, via the second waveguide (140). The interferometer comprises at least one signal readout structure (170) partly or completely integrated in the multimode waveguide and positioned for receiving reflected light from the first (150) and/or second (160) waveguide mirror with a power that depends on the phase difference between the two reflected waves.
Abstract:
A system for wide-range spectral measurement includes one or more broadband sources, an adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and a detector. The one or more broadband sources is to illuminate a sample, wherein the one or more broadband sources have a short broadband source coherence length. The adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon is to optically process the reflected light to extract spectral information with fine spectral resolution. The detector is to detect reflected light from the sample, wherein the reflected light is comprised of multiple narrow-band subsets of the illumination light having long coherence lengths and is optically processed using a plurality of settings for the adjustable Fabry-Perot etalon, and wherein the plurality of settings includes a separation of the Fabry-Perot etalon plates that is greater than the broadband source coherence length but that is less than the long coherence lengths.
Abstract:
A 2-D sensor array includes a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of pixels disposed on the semiconductor substrate. Each pixel includes a coupling region and a junction region, and a slab waveguide structure disposed on the semiconductor substrate and extending from the coupling region to the region. The slab waveguide includes a confinement layer disposed between a first cladding layer and a second cladding layer. The first cladding and the second cladding each have a refractive index that is lower than a refractive index of the confinement layer. Each pixel also includes a coupling structure disposed in the coupling region and within the slab waveguide. The coupling structure includes two materials having different indices of refraction arranged as a grating defined by a grating period. The junction region comprises a p-n junction in communication with electrical contacts for biasing and collection of carriers resulting from absorption of incident radiation.
Abstract:
A spectral camera for producing a spectral output has an objective lens (10) for producing an image, an optical duplicator (20), an array of filters (30) and a sensor arrays (40) arranged to detect the filtered image copies simultaneously on different parts of the sensor array. A field stop (50) defines an outline of the image copies projected on the sensor array. The filters are integrated on the sensor array, which has a planar structure without perpendicular physical barriers for preventing cross talk between each of the adjacent optical channels. The field stop enables adjacent image copies to fit together without gaps for such barriers. The integrated filters mean there is no parasitic cavity causing crosstalk between the adjacent image copies. This means there is no longer a need for barriers between adjacent projected image copies, and thus sensor area can be better utilised.
Abstract:
A structure for guiding electromagnetic radiation, comprising: a substrate (230); a waveguide (220) provided on the substrate and having a first end (220a) for receiving electromagnetic radiation and a second end (220b); and an anti-reflection region (270) provided at the second end (220b) of the waveguide on the substrate, the length and the width of the anti-reflection region being optimised to suppress back reflection of radiation that reaches the second end.
Abstract:
A device for guiding and absorbing electromagnetic radiation, the device comprising: absorbing means for absorbing the electromagnetic radiation; and a coupled to the absorbing means for guiding the electromagnetic radiation to the absorbing means, wherein the waveguide and the absorbing means are formed from a structure comprising a first cladding layer, a second cladding layer over the first cladding layer, and a quantum-well layer between the first and second cladding layers, the quantum-well layer being formed of a material having a different composition to the first and second cladding layers, wherein the thickness and the composition of the quantum-well layer is optimised to provide an acceptable level of absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the waveguide while providing an appropriate band gap for absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in the absorbing means.