Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus includes an alignment sensor configured to determine the position of an alignment target comprising a periodic structure. The alignment sensor includes a demultiplexer (700) to demultiplex a number of intensity channels (one of them shown to be output at fiber 702). The demultiplexer includes a number of stages arranged in series and a number of demultiplexing components (706, 708a,b, 710a-d,712a-h), each demultiplexing component being operable to divide an input radiation beam into two radiation beam portions. The first stage has a first demultiplexing component (706) that is arranged to receive as an input radiation beam an incident radiation beam. Each successive stage is arranged such that it has twice the number of demultiplexing components as a preceding stage, each demultiplexing component of each stage after the first stage receiving as an input one of the radiation beam portions output from a demultiplexing component of the preceding stage.
Abstract:
The disclosure relates to measuring a parameter of a lithographic process and a metrology apparatus. In one arrangement, radiation from a radiation source is modified and used to illuminate a target formed on a substrate using the lithographic process. Radiation scattered from a target is detected and analyzing to determine the parameter. The modification of the radiation comprises modifying a wavelength spectrum of the radiation to have a local minimum between a global maximum and a local maximum, wherein the power spectral density of the radiation at the local minimum is less than 20% of the power spectral density of the radiation at the global maximum and the power spectral density of the radiation at the local maximum is at least 50% of the power spectral density of the radiation at the global maximum.
Abstract:
The invention provides a position sensor (300) which comprises an optical system (305,306) configured to provide measurement radiation (304) to a substrate (307). The optical system is arranged to receive at least a portion of radiation (309) diffracted by a mark (308) provided on the substrate. A processor (313) is applied to derive at least one position-sensitive signal (312) from the received radiation. The measurement radiation comprises at least a first and a second selected radiation wavelength. The selection of the at least first and second radiation wavelengths is based on a position error swing-curve model.
Abstract:
A sensor apparatus comprising an acoustic assembly arranged to transmit an acoustic signal to a substrate and receive at least part of the acoustic signal after the acoustic signal has interacted with the substrate, a transducer arranged to convert the at least part of the acoustic signal to an electronic signal, and, a processor configured to receive the electronic signal and determine both a topography of at least part of the substrate and a position of a target of the substrate based on the electronic signal. The sensor apparatus may for part of a lithographic apparatus or a metrology apparatus.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a metrology sensor system, such as a position sensor. The system comprises an optical collection system configured to collect diffracted or scattered radiation from a metrology mark on a substrate, said collected radiation comprising at least one parameter-sensitive signal and noise signal which is not parameter-sensitive, a processing system operable to process the collected radiation; and a module housing. An optical guide is provided for guiding the at least one parameter-sensitive signal, separated from the noise signal, from the processing system to a detection system outside of the housing. A detector detects the separated at least one parameter-sensitive signal. An obscuration for blocking zeroth order radiation and/or a demagnifying optical system may be provided between the optical guide and the detector.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a metrology apparatus and method for measuring a structure formed on a substrate by a lithographic process. The metrology apparatus comprises an illumination system operable to provide measurement radiation comprising a plurality of wavelengths; and a hyperspectral imager operable to obtain a hyperspectral representation of a measurement scene comprising the structure, or a part thereof, from scattered measurement radiation subsequent to the measurement radiation being scattered by the structure.
Abstract:
An acoustic scatterometer 502 has an acoustic source 520 operable to project acoustic radiation 526 onto a periodic structure 538 and 540 formed on a substrate 536. An acoustic detector 518 is operable to detect the -1st acoustic diffraction order 528 diffracted by the periodic structure 538 and 540 while discriminating from specular reflection (0th order 532). Another acoustic detector 522 is operable to detect the +1st acoustic diffraction order 530 diffracted by the periodic structure, again while discriminating from the specular reflection (0th order 532). The acoustic source and acoustic detector may be piezo transducers. The angle of incidence of the projected acoustic radiation 526 and location of the detectors 518 and 522 are arranged with respect to the periodic structure 538 and 540 such that the detection of the -1st and +1st acoustic diffraction orders 528 and 530 discriminates from the 0th order specular reflection 532.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a metrology apparatus comprising an optical element configured to receive at or near a pupil plane of the metrology apparatus, at least first radiation comprising a first higher diffracted order and second radiation comprising a zeroth order resulting from illumination of a metrology target with radiation; and to direct said first radiation and second radiation together in a first direction. The metrology apparatus is further configured to form at least a first image of a first interference pattern, the first interference pattern resulting from interference of said first radiation and second radiation at an image plane.
Abstract:
A radiation receiving system for an inspection apparatus, used to perform measurements on target structures on lithographic substrates as part of a lithographic process, comprises a spectrometer with a number of inputs. The radiation receiving system comprises: a plurality of inputs, each input being arranged to provide radiation from a target structure; a first optical element operable to receive radiation from each of the plurality of inputs; a second optical element operable to receive radiation from the first optical element and to scatter the radiation; and a third optical element operable to direct the scattered radiation onto a detector. The second optical element may for example be a reflective diffraction grating that diffracts incoming radiation into an output radiation spectrum.