Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for separating acids from chemical reaction mixtures by means of an auxiliary base. Said auxiliary base b) forms a salt with the acid, which is liquid at temperatures at which the valuable product is not significantly decomposed during separation, and c) the salt of the auxiliary base and the valuable product or the solution of the valuable product form two immiscible fluid phases in a suitable solvent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a solution comprising cellulose, an ionic liquid containing anions and cations as solvent and 6 to 30 wt. % of a nitrogenous base, based on the total weight of the solution, the production thereof and the use thereof for the physical or chemical treatment of cellulose.
Abstract:
Un proceso para preparar sales imidazolio 1, 3-sustituidas purificadas de la fórmula (I) en donde * los radicales R1, R2, R3 y R4 son cada uno, independientemente uno del otro, un radical alifático, aromático o aralifático, acíclico o cíclico, saturado o insaturado, orgánico que comprende carbono que tiene de 1 a 30 átomos de carbono y puede comprender uno o más heteroátomos y/o se sustituye por uno o más grupos funcionales o halógenos, en donde los radicales adyacentes R1 y R2, R2 y R3 o R3 y R4 también se pueden unir a otro y los radicales R2 y R3 pueden cada uno también ser, independientemente uno del otro, hidrógeno, halógeno o un grupo funcional; y *Aa- es el anión parcial o completamente desprotonado de un ácido prótico inorgánico u orgánico HaA (III), en donde a es un entero positivo e indica la carga en el anión, al hacer reaccionar una sal de imidazolio 1, 3-sustituida de la fórmula (II), en donde los radicales R1, R2, R3 y R4 son como se definió anteriormente y el anión Yy- es elanión parcial o completamente desprotonado de un ácido prótico inorgánico u orgánico HyY (IV), en donde y es un entero positivo e indica la carga en el anión, con una base fuerte desde 20 a 250° C mientras se destila el imidazol-2-ilideno 1, 3-sustituido formado, en donde en el imidazol-2-ilideno 1, 3-sustituido que ha sido destilado se pone contacto en el estado gaseoso con el ácido prótico HaA (III) y/o el imidazol-2-ilideno 1, 3-sustituido que ha sido destilado se pasa en el estado gaseoso o condensado en un un receptor que comprende el ácido prótico HaA (111).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a solution containing cellulose and an ionic liquid containing anions and cations as a solvent, the cations being provided with at least one atom selected among the group comprising nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus supplied in a protonated form. Also disclosed are methods for the production and use thereof for a physical and chemical treatment.
Abstract:
Solution comprises cellulose and an ionic liquid containing anions and cations as solvent, where the cation exhibits at least one atom of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus, which is present in protonated form. An independent claim is included for the preparation of the solution.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing polyisocyanates by the partial oligomerisation of diisocyanates in the presence of at least one oligomerisation catalyst from the group of ionic liquids and to the use of the polyisocyanates as polyisocyanate components in polyurethane paints.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing quaternary ammonium compounds, which comprises reacting compounds comprising an sp3-hybridized nitrogen atom with a dialkyl sulfate or trialkyl phosphate and subjecting the resulting ammonium compound to an anion exchange.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for the distillation of ionic liquids, in which a pressure not higher than ambient pressure is set in a first step and the ionic liquid is heated to a temperature in the range from 60° C. to 350° C. in a second step. The process is employed, in particular, for the purification of ionic liquids.
Abstract:
A process for preparing mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted arylcarbonyl chlorides (I), by, in a first stage, reacting a mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted aromatic (II) with CCl4 in the presence of a Friedel-Crafts catalyst to give the corresponding mono- or poly-C1-C20-alkyl- and/or -halogen-substituted trichloromethylated aromatic (III), and, in a second stage, treating the trichloromethylated aromatic (III) with water or a protic acid in the presence of a catalyst to obtain the arylcarbonyl chloride (I). In a particularly preferred embodiment, the trichloromethylated aromatic (III) is not isolated as an intermediate and is used in the second stage dissolved in the solvent of the first stage.