Abstract:
Apparatus and methods are provided for driving a two-axis MEMS mirror using three non-contact actuation elements or electrodes. A differential bi-directional mirror control uses unipolar drive voltages biased at a suitable value. Transformation functions map two-axis tip-tilt commands to three actuation drive signals for selected electrode orientations and sizes.
Abstract:
Network security monitoring for external threats is provided that is based on rich metadata collected from internal network traffic that is analyzed for anomalies against a behavior baseline to detect the external threats. Rich metadata includes but is not limited to the information typically found in the headers of every layer of telecommunication protocols describing the communication between network entities.
Abstract:
An extent of relatedness between entities that might exhibit no express relationship is determined based on network communications with shared endpoints. Communications occurring in a network are monitored. For each particular endpoint in the network, a set of other endpoints with which that particular endpoint has communicated is determined based on the monitored communications. For each pair of endpoints in the network, the intersection of the sets determined for those endpoints is determined to be the set of shared endpoints for that pair. The endpoints in the set of shared endpoints can be inversely weighted based on their overall popularity among all of the network's endpoints. The weights of the shared endpoints in the pair's set of shared endpoints can then be multiplied together to produce a relatedness score for that pair of endpoints.
Abstract:
Implied relationships between entities, such as network endpoints, are automatically discovered based on co-temporal events. Events involving pairs of endpoints, such as messaging events in which one endpoint acts as a source and another endpoint acts as a destination, may be detected. Edges between nodes representing those endpoints and other nodes representing other endpoints involved in other recent (co-temporal) events may be added to a progressively constructed graph. Over time, such edges may be progressively weighted in response to the detection of further co-temporal events involving the same endpoints. Relationships between endpoints may be implied based on the resulting accumulated weights of edges linking those endpoints' nodes in the graph even if there is no express relationship between those endpoints in any real-word context (e.g., even if those endpoints are not directly connected in any network, and even if no single event involves both of those endpoints together).
Abstract:
In a folded three-dimensional free-space optical switch including a set of fibers and an optical system for producing collimated beamlets aligned to intersect an array of dual axis micromirrors of coplanar input and output mirror elements, and a folding mirror, the input and output micromirrors are arranged in a pattern wherein either the input or output mirror set is disposed along an annulus and wherein the complementary output or input mirror set is disposed within the annulus in order to globally minimize maximum tilt angles for a two-dimensional locus of tilt angles of the micromirror set. The beamlets are routed from assigned input fibers to corresponding input moveable mirrors to assigned output fibers via the static folding mirror and corresponding output moveable mirrors.
Abstract:
An array apparatus has a micromachined SOI structure, such as a MEMS array, mounted directly on a class of substrate, such as low temperature co-fired ceramic, in which is embedded electrostatic actuation electrodes disposed in substantial alignment with the individual MEMS elements, where the electrostatic electrodes are configured for substantial fanout and the electrodes are oversized such that in combination with the ceramic assembly are configured to allow for placement of the vias within a tolerance of position relative to electrodes such that contact is not lost therebetween at the time of manufacturing.
Abstract:
A system for controlling a purely photonic network comprising: at least one digital computing device configured for: storing instructions which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the instructions to control a photonic network, the photonic network comprising purely photonic elements that require no electrical-to-optical or optical-to-electrical conversion between a network input port and a network output port, wherein the digital computing device stores: 1) relationship information that describes the relationships between a plurality of network elements in the photonic network; and 2) configuration information that describes the current state of each of the plurality of network elements; receiving a path generation request that includes a first port identifier and a second port identifier, wherein the first port identifier represents an input port and the second port identifier represents a first output port; based at least in part on the relationship information and the configuration information, generating candidate paths that begin at the input port and end at at least the first output port.
Abstract:
A MEMS-based mirror is provided with trenches between adjacent electrodes in order to be able to withstand relatively high applied voltages, and thus has a substantially reduced exposure to uncontrolled surface potentials. The MEMS-based mirror, thus avoids voltage drifts and has an improved mirror position stability. The trench dimensions are selected such that the voltage applied between each adjacent pair of electrodes stays within predefined limits. An insulating layer, such as silicon dioxide, electrically isolates each pair of adjacent electrodes. Each insulting layer extends partially above an associated trench and is characterized by the same height and width dimensions.
Abstract:
A circular mirror (12) is connected to the gimble (44) at opposing, but offs et from center axis locations (36) and (37) and by compound longitudinal hinges (40) and (42).
Abstract:
In a gimbaled micromachined micromirror array optimized for parallel-plate electrostatic operation, longitudinal-type gimbal hinge elements are provided in which a plurality of torsional longitudinal hinge elements are arranged in an array parallel to the axis of rotation and which are linked together by rigid lateral brace sections. In primary embodiment the hinge elements are arranged in a double gimbal configuration. Specific embodiments of the hinge elements are simple longitudinal, compound longitudinal, stacked simple longitudinal, and stacked compound longitudinal. The longitudinal hinges may be used with various types of mirrors including circular or rectilinear, recessed or nonrecessed, where the hinges are connected in either a symmetric or asymmetric configuration relative to one another, as hereinafter illustrated by way of a subset of examples. A preferred embodiment of a mirror structure suitable for an array structure according to the invention is a nonstacked compound longitudinal hinge symmetrically connected to a circular nonrecessed electrostatically-actuatable parallel plate mirror within a substantially circular ring hinged in substantially the same way to form a double gimbaled structure.