Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a computer-implemented method to improve a lithographic process for imaging a portion of a design layout onto a substrate using a lithographic projection apparatus comprising an illumination source and projection optics, the method comprising: obtaining a source shape and a mask defocus value; optimizing a dose of the lithographic process; optimizing the portion of the design layout for each of a plurality of slit positions of the illumination source.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of determining a process window within a process space comprising obtaining (610) contour data (615) relating to features to be provided to a substrate (625) across a plurality of layers, for each of a plurality of process conditions (600) associated with providing the features across said plurality of layers and failure mode data (650) describing constraints on the contour data across the plurality of layers. The failure mode data is applied to the contour data to determine (640) a failure count for each process condition; and the process window is determined (655) by associating each process condition to its corresponding failure count. Also disclosed is a method of determining an actuation constrained subspace of the process window based on actuation constraints imposed by the plurality of actuators.
Abstract:
Enhancing target features of a pattern imaged onto a substrate is described. This may include adding one or more assist features to a patterning device pattern in one or more locations adjacent to one or more target features in the patterning device pattern. The one or more assist features are added based on two or more different focus positions in the substrate. This also includes shifting the patterning device pattern and/or a design layout based on the two or more different focus positions and the one or more added assist features. This may be useful for improving across slit asymmetry. Adding the one or more assist features to the pattern and shifting the pattern and/or the design layout enhances the target features by reducing a shift caused by across slit asymmetry for a slit of a multifocal lithographic imaging apparatus. This may reduce the shift across an entire imaging field.
Abstract:
Described herein is a method (300) for determining process window limiting patterns (PWLP) based on aberration sensitivity associated with a patterning apparatus. The method includes (P301) obtaining (i) a first set of kernels (301) and a second set of kernels (302) associated with an aberration wavefront of the patterning apparatus and (ii) a design layout (303) to be printed on a substrate via the patterning apparatus; and determining (P303), via a process simulation using the design layout, the first set of kernels, and the second set of kernels, an aberration sensitivity map (310) associated with the aberration wavefront, the aberration sensitivity map indicating how sensitive one or more portions of the design layout are to an individual aberrations and an interaction between different aberrations; determining (P305), based on the aberration sensitivity map, the PWLP (315) associated with the design layout having relatively high sensitivity compared to other portions of the design layout.
Abstract:
A diffraction pattern guided source mask optimization (SMO) method is described. The method comprises configuring a lithographic apparatus. The method comprises determining a source variable region from a diffraction pattern. The source variable region corresponds to one or more areas of a diffraction pattern in a pupil for which pupil variables are to be adjusted. The source variable region in the diffraction pattern comprises a plurality of pixels in an image of a selected region of interest in the diffraction pattern. Determining the source variable region comprises binarization of the plurality of pixels in the image such that individual pixels are either included in the source variable region or excluded from the source variable region. The method comprises adjusting the pupil variables for the one or more areas of the pupil that correspond to the source variable region; and rendering a final pupil based on the adjusted pupil variables.
Abstract:
Described herein are apparatuses and techniques for suppressing a zeroth order portion of a configured radiation beam. In some embodiments, an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithographic apparatus for forming an image on a substrate by use of an EUV radiation beam that is configured by a patterning device comprising a pattern of reflective regions and partially reflective regions, wherein the partially reflective regions are configured to suppress and apply a phase shift to a portion of the EUV radiation beam, may include a projection system. The projection system may be configured to suppress a zeroth order portion of a configured EUV radiation beam, and direct an unsuppressed portion of a configured EUV radiation beam towards a substrate to form an image on the substrate.
Abstract:
A method to improve a lithographic process for imaging a portion of a patterning device pattern onto a substrate using a lithographic projection having an illumination system and projection optics, the method including: (1) obtaining a simulation model that models projection of radiation by the projection optics, wherein the simulation model models an effect of an obscuration in the projection optics, and configuring, based on the model, the portion of the patterning device pattern, and/or (2) obtaining a simulation model that models projection of radiation by the projection optics, wherein the simulation model models an anamorphic demagnification of radiation by the projection optics, and configuring, based on the model, the portion of the patterning device pattern taking into account an anamorphic manufacturing rule or anamorphic manufacturing rule ratio.
Abstract:
A patterning device carries a pattern of features to be transferred onto a substrate using a lithographic apparatus. The patterning device is free of light absorber material, at least in an area. The pattern of features in the said area may comprise a dense array of lines, trenches, dots or holes. Individual lines, holes etc. (262/362) are defined in at least one direction by pairs of edges (230/330, 5 232/332) between regions of different phase in the patterning device. A distance (CD') between the pair of edges in the said one direction is at least 15% smaller than a size of the individual feature to be formed on the substrate. The patterning device may be adapted for use in EUV lithography. The patterning device may be adapted for use in a negative tone resist & development process (NTD).
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are several methods of reducing one or more pattern displacement errors, contrast loss, best focus shift, tilt of a Bossung curve of a portion of a design layout used in a lithographic process for imaging that portion onto a substrate using a lithographic apparatus. The methods include adjusting an illumination source of the lithographic apparatus, placing assist features onto or adjusting positions and/or shapes existing assist features in the portion. Adjusting the illumination source and/or the assist features may be by an optimization algorithm.