Abstract:
In a UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system) based system, a wireless receiver implements "effective signal-to-noise (E b/N o) based BER estimation." In particular, the wireless receiver comprises a rake receiver, a processor and memory. The rake receiver processes a received signal and provides signa l- to- noise ratio values for each slot of each received frame of the received signal. The processor converts these signal-to-noise ratio values for each received fram e into an effective signal-to-noise ratio value for the received signal. The processor then uses the effective signal-to-noise ratio value as a pointer, or index, into a loo k- up table (stored in the memory) and retrieves a BER estimate therefrom.
Abstract:
A receiver in a code-division, multiple-access (CDMA) communication system employs a preamble detector for random access channels (e.g., RACHs). RACHs may use orthogonal Gold code (OGC) sequences for preamble signature sequences and/or spreading of the preamble signature sequence with OGC sequences. A preamble detector may employ a fast orthogonal Gold transform (FOGT) for both despreading (e.g., correlation with code numbers C1,...,C256)) and for generating a decision statistic for detecting (identifying) the signature sequence used in the preamble. The spread signal of the RACH is applied to a code matched filter (CMF) matched to the spreading OGC sequence and the output signal of the CMF is sampled at the symbol rate. A fast Hadamaard transform (FHT) is applied to the sampled output of the CMF, and the exemplary 16th order code-words of the FHT match the 16 Walsh signature sequences employed to distinguish user channels transmitted by user equipment. A fast OGC transform (FOGT) may be applied to the sampled output of the CMF if OGC sequences are used as signature sequences. The signals generated by the FHT may be split into two branches for processing: a reference branch and a data branch. The reference branch processes the FHT generated signals to estimate channel response characteristics, provide a de-rotation signal, and perform frequency acquisition if required. For the reference branch, the squared magnitude of each complex FHT vector signal of length 16 is calculated and the maximum value is set as index i, where i ELEMENT ä1,.....16ü. The maximum index i is employed as a preliminary, non-coherent decision statistic corresponding to the index value of the Walsh signature sequence used for the spread signal of the access channel. The index i of the reference branch may then be used by: 1) a Walsh generator to reproduce the Walsh (BPSK) signature sequence; 2) a selector to select one of the 16 FHT output signals to estimate channel response characteristics; and 3) as a non-coherent decision statistic for subsequent processing by the detector.
Abstract:
In an ad-hoc mobile network, a geometry-based routing algorithm (GRA) is us ed to route traffic from a source node to a destination node. In the GRA, a source node maintains location information and routing information for all nodes in a local area and approximate location information for at least some nodes outside the local area. If the source node has to send a packet to a destination node outside their local area, then the source node uses the approximate location information of the destination nod e to identify which node in its local area is closer to the destination node than the sour ce node. The source node then sends the packet to the identified local node for further routing.
Abstract:
A receiver in a code-division, multiple-access (CDMA) communication system employs a preamble detector for random access channels (e.g., RACHs). RACHs may use orthogonal Gold code (OGC) sequences for preamble signature sequences and/or spreading of the preamble signature sequence with OGC sequences. A preamble detector may employ a fast orthogonal Gold transform (FOGT) for both despreading (e.g., correlation with code numbers C1,...,C256)) and for generating a decision statistic for detecting (identifying) the signature sequence used in the preamble. The spread signal of the RACH is applied to a code matched filter (CMF) matched to the spreading OGC sequence and the output signal of the CMF is sampled at the symbol rate. A fast Hadamaard transform (FHT) is applied to the sampled output of the CMF, and the exemplary 16th order code-words of the FHT match the 16 Walsh signature sequences employed to distinguish user channels transmitted by user equipment. A fast OGC transform (FOGT) may be applied to the sampled output of the CMF if OGC sequences are used as signature sequences. The signals generated by the FHT may be split into two branches for processing: a reference branch and a data branch. The reference branch processes the FHT generated signals to estimate channel response characteristics, provide a de-rotation signal, and perform frequency acquisition if required. For the reference branch, the squared magnitude of each complex FHT vector signal of length 16 is calculated and the maximum value is set as index i, where i ELEMENT ä1,.....16ü. The maximum index i is employed as a preliminary, non-coherent decision statistic corresponding to the index value of the Walsh signature sequence used for the spread signal of the access channel. The index i of the reference branch may then be used by: 1) a Walsh generator to reproduce the Walsh (BPSK) signature sequence; 2) a selector to select one of the 16 FHT output signals to estimate channel response characteristics; and 3) as a non-coherent decision statistic for subsequent processing by the detector.
Abstract:
A receiver in a code-division, multiple-access (CDMA) communication system employs a preamble detector for random access channels (e.g., RACHs). RACHs may use orthogonal Gold code (OGC) sequences for preamble signature sequence s and/or spreading of the preamble signature sequence with OGC sequences. A preamble detector may employ a fast orthogonal Gold transform (FOGT) for both despreading (e.g ., correlation with code numbers C1,...,C256)) and for generating a decision statistic for detecting (identifying) the signature sequence used in the preamble. The spread signal of the RACH is applied to a code matched filter (CMF) matched to the spreading OGC sequence and the output signal of the CMF is sampled at the symbol rate. A fast Hadamaard transform (FHT) is applied to the sampled output of the CMF, and t he exemplary 16th order code-words of the FHT match the 16 Walsh signature sequences employed to distinguish user channels transmitted by user equipment. A fast OGC transform (FOGT) may be applied to the sampled output of the CMF if OGC sequences are used as signature sequences. The signals generated by the FHT may be split into two branches for processing: a reference branch and a data branch. The reference branch processes the FHT generated signals to estimate channel response characteristics, provide a de-rotation signal, and perform frequency acquisition if required. For the reference branch, the squared magnitude of each complex FHT vector signal of length 16 is calculated and the maximum value is set as index i, where i , { 1,.....16}. The maximum index i is employed as a preliminary, non-coherent decision statistic corresponding to the index value of the Walsh signature sequence used for the spread signal of the access channel. The ind ex i of the reference branch may then be used by: 1 ) a Walsh generator to reproduce the Walsh (BPSK) signature sequence; 2) a selector to select one of the 16 FHT output signals to estimate channel response characteristics; and 3) as a non-coherent decision statisti c for subsequent processing by the detector.
Abstract:
Spatial Division Multiple Access (SDMA) may be implemented in both the forward and reverse link directions through the use of, for example, a sector-wide primary pilot channel and one or more beamformed secondary pilot channels (secondary pilot channel).
Abstract:
A closed loop power control based on receiving .a continuous quality feedback is described. A main reverse link (RL) pilot is controlled by the quality feedback of a substantially continuous delay sensitive traffic stream, such as Voice-over-IP (VoIP), when such a stream is enabled. When such a stream is not enabled, the quality of a continuous RL overhead channel is used to control the pilot power. At the same time, the Traffic-to-Pilot Ratios (TPR) of contemporaneously transmitted delay sensitive data streams are independently adjusted based on a quality feedback associated with each such data stream.
Abstract:
A hybrid method of reverse link transmission provides improved performance, particularly in wireless packet data systems. The method includes aspects of both OFDMA transmission and MC-CDMA (Multi-carrier CDMA) transmission. In specific embodiments, an MC-CDMA pilot signal is used, and the data portion of the timeslot is partitioned between an MC-CDMA field and an OFDMA field.