公开(公告)号：WO1997007740A1

公开(公告)日：1997-03-06

申请号：PCT/US1996013629

申请日：1996-08-22

Applicant: INTERVENTIONAL INNOVATIONS CORPORATION

Inventor： INTERVENTIONAL INNOVATIONS CORPORATION ,  CHORNENKY, Victor, I. ,  FORMAN, Michael, R.

IPC: A61B06/00

CPC classification number: A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  A61N2005/1003 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2201/304 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: A catheter for emitting radiation is disclosed, comprising a catheter shaft (104), and an x-ray unit (102) attached to the distal end of the catheter shaft. The x-ray unit comprises an anode (112), and a cathode (110) coupled to an insulator (108) to define a vacuum chamber (106). The cathode is preferably a field emission cathode of graphite or graphite coated with titanium carbide, for example. The anode is preferably tungsten, and the insulator is preferably pyrolytic boron nitride. The x-ray unit is preferably coupled to a voltage source through a coaxial cable. The anode is preferably a heavy metal such as tungsten. The cathode may also be a ferroelectric material. The x-ray unit can have a diameter less than about 4mm, and a length less than about 15 mm. Methods of use of the catheter are also disclosed. The catheter of the present invention can be used to irradiate the site of an angioplasty procedure to prevent restenosis. It can also be used to treat other conditions in any vessel, lumen or cavity of the body.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于发射辐射的导管，包括导管轴（104）和附接到导管轴的远端的x射线单元（102）。 x射线单元包括阳极（112）和耦合到绝缘体（108）以限定真空室（106）的阴极（110）。 阴极优选为例如涂覆有碳化钛的石墨或石墨的场致发射阴极。 阳极优选为钨，绝缘体优选为热解氮化硼。 X射线单元优选地通过同轴电缆耦合到电压源。 阳极优选为重金属，例如钨。 阴极也可以是铁电材料。 x射线单元可以具有小于约4mm的直径，并且长度小于约15mm。 还公开了导管的使用方法。 本发明的导管可用于照射血管成形术程序的部位以防止再狭窄。 它也可以用于治疗身体的任何血管，腔或腔中的其他病症。

公开(公告)号：WO2006060030A2

公开(公告)日：2006-06-08

申请号：PCT/US2005014003

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: UNIV CALIFORNIA ,  PUTTERMAN SETH ,  GIMZEWSKI JAMES K ,  NARANJO BRIAN B

Inventor： PUTTERMAN SETH ,  GIMZEWSKI JAMES K ,  NARANJO BRIAN B

IPC: H01L29/24

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric crystals are used to generate spatially localized high energy (up to and exceeding 100 keV) electron and ion beams, which may be used in a wide variety of applications including pulsed neutron generation, therapeutic X-ray/electron devices, elemental analysis, local scanning chemical analysis, high energy scanning microscopy, point source compact transmission electron microscopy, compact ion beam sources, positron sources, micro-thrusters for ion engines, and improved fusion efficiency especially of the Farnsworth type. The high-energy emission can be created by simply heating the material or by application of external coercive electromagnetic and acoustic fields.

Abstract translation: 铁电，热电和压电晶体用于产生空间局部的高能（高达和超过100keV）的电子和离子束，其可用于各种应用，包括脉冲中子生成，治疗性X射线/电子器件， 元素分析，局部扫描化学分析，高能扫描显微镜，点源紧凑型透射电子显微镜，紧凑型离子束源，正电子源，离子发动机的微推进器，以及特别是Farnsworth型的融合效率的提高。 可以通过简单地加热材料或通过施加外部矫顽电磁场和声场来产生高能量发射。

公开(公告)号：WO1998026447A1

公开(公告)日：1998-06-18

申请号：PCT/DE1997002881

申请日：1997-12-10

Applicant: PATENT-TREUHAND-GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ELEKTRISCHE GLÜHLAMPEN MBH ,  VOLLKOMMER, Frank ,  HITZSCHKE, Lothar

Inventor： PATENT-TREUHAND-GESELLSCHAFT FÜR ELEKTRISCHE GLÜHLAMPEN MBH

IPC: H01J61/54

CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J61/545 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Disclosed is a cold cathode (1) for use in discharge lamps, including in discharge lamps (6) operating with a dielectrically hindered discharge, comprising two electroconducive electrodes facing each other, between which a ferro-electric material is sandwiched. At least one of the electrodes presents one or more openings. When the cathode is operating, a voltage of quickly alternating polarity is applied to both electrodes, thereby freeing electrons on the surface of the ferro-electric material. The working voltage of the discharge lamp causes an acceleration of said electrons, which pass through the openings towards the anode (8) and are used for igniting the discharge lamp and keeping it in operating mode.

Abstract translation: 冷阴极（1），用于放电灯，特别是用于放电灯（6），其通过一个介电阻挡放电来操作，包括两个导电的，相互对置的电极，这些电极之间的强电介质被夹。 至少一个电极被设置有一个或多个开口。 在操作中，快速交替极性的电压被施加到两个电极。 由此，电子被释放的铁电体，其被加速到所述灯的阳极（8）和用于点火和灯的放电的维持的表面上（6）穿过所述孔由所述放电灯的工作电压的装置使用。

公开(公告)号：US07741615B2

公开(公告)日：2010-06-22

申请号：US11596586

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

Inventor： Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

IPC: H01J27/00

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric crystals are used to generate spatially localized high energy (up to and exceeding 100 keV) electron and ion beams, which may be used in a wide variety of applications including pulsed neutron generation, therapeutic X-ray/electron devices, elemental analysis, local scanning chemical analysis, high energy scanning microscopy, point source compact transmission electron microscopy, compact ion beam sources, positron sources, micro-thrusters for ion engines, and improved fusion efficiency especially of the Farnsworth type. The high-energy emission can be created by simply heating the material or by application of external coercive electromagnetic and acoustic fields.

Abstract translation: 铁电，热电和压电晶体用于产生空间局部的高能（高达和超过100keV）的电子和离子束，其可用于各种应用，包括脉冲中子生成，治疗性X射线/电子器件， 元素分析，局部扫描化学分析，高能扫描显微镜，点源紧凑型透射电子显微镜，紧凑型离子束源，正电子源，离子发动机的微推进器，以及特别是Farnsworth型的融合效率的提高。 可以通过简单地加热材料或通过施加外部矫顽电磁场和声场来产生高能量发射。

公开(公告)号：US20080251735A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-16

申请号：US11596586

申请日：2005-04-22

Applicant: Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

Inventor： Seth Putterman ,  James K. Gimzewski ,  Brian B. Naranjo

IPC: H01J27/02 ,  H01J29/46

CPC classification number: H01J27/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: Ferroelectric, pyroelectric and piezoelectric crystals are used to generate spatially localized high energy (up to and exceeding 100 keV) electron and ion beams, which may be used in a wide variety of applications including pulsed neutron generation, therapeutic X-ray/electron devices, elemental analysis, local scanning chemical analysis, high energy scanning microscopy, point source compact transmission electron microscopy, compact ion beam sources, positron sources, micro-thrusters for ion engines, and improved fusion efficiency especially of the Farnsworth type. The high-energy emission can be created by simply heating the material or by application of external coercive electromagnetic and acoustic fields.

Abstract translation: 铁电，热电和压电晶体用于产生空间局部的高能（高达和超过100keV）的电子和离子束，其可用于各种应用，包括脉冲中子生成，治疗性X射线/电子器件， 元素分析，局部扫描化学分析，高能扫描显微镜，点源紧凑型透射电子显微镜，紧凑型离子束源，正电子源，离子发动机的微推进器，以及特别是Farnsworth型的融合效率的提高。 可以通过简单地加热材料或通过施加外部矫顽电磁场和声场来产生高能量发射。

公开(公告)号：US20070126338A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-07

申请号：US11671302

申请日：2007-02-05

Applicant: Kaoru KOIWA ,  Koji Yamakawa

Inventor： Kaoru KOIWA ,  Koji Yamakawa

IPC: H01J63/04 ,  H01J1/00

CPC classification number: H01J31/127 ,  H01J1/316 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: A PED is constituted by arranging signal lines and scanning lines, in the form of a matrix, on the inner surface of a rear substrate and by forming PZT films, which are used as electron-emitting members, at the intersections of the signal lines and the scanning lines. When a voltage is applied between element electrodes connected to the lines, each PZT film emits an electron beam having a cross-section shape that depends on the shape of the PZT film.

Abstract translation: PED是通过将矩阵形式的信号线和扫描线布置在后基板的内表面上，并且在信号线与信号线的交点处形成用作电子发射部件的PZT膜构成的， 扫描线。 当在连接到线路的元件电极之间施加电压时，每个PZT膜发射具有取决于PZT膜的形状的横截面形状的电子束。

公开(公告)号：US07088049B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-08

申请号：US10027232

申请日：2001-12-20

Applicant: Yukihisa Takeuchi ,  Tsutomu Nanataki ,  Iwao Ohwada ,  Tomoya Horiuchi

Inventor： Yukihisa Takeuchi ,  Tsutomu Nanataki ,  Iwao Ohwada ,  Tomoya Horiuchi

IPC: G09G3/10 ,  H01L41/04

CPC classification number: H01J1/316 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J31/127 ,  H01J2201/306 ,  H01J2201/3165

Abstract: An electron-emitting element includes an electric field applying portion comprising of a dielectric formed on a substrate, a first electrode formed on one surface of the electric field applying portion, a second electrode being formed on the surface of the electric filed applying portion, and a slit formed in cooperation with the first electrode.

Abstract translation: 电子发射元件包括电场施加部分，其包括形成在基板上的电介质，形成在电场施加部分的一个表面上的第一电极，形成在电场施加部分的表面上的第二电极，以及 与第一电极协作形成的狭缝。

公开(公告)号：US20060012282A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US11180297

申请日：2005-07-13

Applicant: Tsutomu Nanataki ,  Hirofumi Yamaguchi ,  Nobuyuki Kobayashi

Inventor： Tsutomu Nanataki ,  Hirofumi Yamaguchi ,  Nobuyuki Kobayashi

IPC: H01J1/38

CPC classification number: H01J1/312 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01J2201/306 ,  H01J2201/3125 ,  H01J2329/00

Abstract: A higher performance dielectric device is provided. An electron emitter applying the dielectric device according to the present invention includes an emitter formed of a dielectric, and an upper electrode and a lower electrode to which a drive voltage is applied to cause electron emission. The emitter includes plural dielectric particles, and plural dielectric particles of smaller particle size which are filled in spaces between the plural dielectric particles. The emitter having the aforesaid construction is formed by an aerosol deposition method or a sol impregnation method.

Abstract translation: 提供了更高性能的电介质器件。 施加根据本发明的电介质器件的电子发射器包括由电介质形成的发射体，以及施加驱动电压以引起电子发射的上电极和下电极。 发射体包括填充在多个介电粒子之间的空间中的多个介电粒子和较小粒径的多个电介质粒子。 具有上述结构的发射体通过气溶胶沉积法或溶胶浸渍法形成。

公开(公告)号：US20050263808A1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-01

申请号：US11130528

申请日：2005-05-16

Applicant: Shinzo Morita

Inventor： Shinzo Morita

IPC: H01J9/02 ,  H01J1/30 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01L29/76 ,  H01L21/00

CPC classification number: H01J1/30 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: A comb-shaped electrode is formed on the main surface of a ferroelectric thin film and a planar electrode is formed on the rear surface of a ferroelectric thin film. Then, the property of the main surface of the ferroelectric thin film is converted into semi-conduction. Then, the assembly comprised of the ferroelectric thin film, the comb-shaped electrode and the planar electrode is disposed in a given atmosphere. Under this condition, a negative voltage is applied to the comb-shaped electrode to polarize the ferroelectric thin film, and a negative impulse voltage is applied to the planar electrode, thereby generating electron beams from the main surface of the ferroelectric thin film.

Abstract translation: 在铁电薄膜的主表面上形成梳状电极，并且在铁电薄膜的后表面上形成平面电极。 然后，将铁电薄膜的主表面的性质转换成半导体。 然后，将铁电薄膜，梳状电极和平面电极组成的组件设置在给定的气氛中。 在这种条件下，向梳状电极施加负电压以极化铁电薄膜，并向平面电极施加负的脉冲电压，从而从铁电薄膜的主表面产生电子束。

公开(公告)号：US5874802A

公开(公告)日：1999-02-23

申请号：US777312

申请日：1996-12-27

Applicant: Jong-seo Choi ,  Kwi-seuk Choi ,  Kyu-nam Joo

Inventor： Jong-seo Choi ,  Kwi-seuk Choi ,  Kyu-nam Joo

IPC: H01J1/30 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J17/49 ,  H01J29/04 ,  H01J29/48 ,  H01J1/62

CPC classification number: B82Y10/00 ,  H01J1/312 ,  H01J29/04 ,  H01J2201/306

Abstract: A cathode, an electron gun, and a cathode ray tube include a ferroelectric electron source. The cathode includes a substrate; a lower electrode layer on the substrate; a cathode layer, on the lower electrode layer, the cathode layer including a ferroelectric emitter; an upper electrode layer, on the ferroelectric cathode layer, the upper electrode layer having electron emitting regions comprising a plurality of electron emission holes for passing electrons emitted from the ferroelectric emitter; and a driving electrode layer, supported by the upper electrode layer, for controlling passage of electrons through the electron emitting regions in the upper electrode layer and the driving electrode layer.

Abstract translation: 阴极，电子枪和阴极射线管包括铁电电子源。 阴极包括基板; 基底上的下电极层; 阴极层，在所述下电极层上，所述阴极层包括铁电发射体; 上电极层，在铁电阴极层上，具有电子发射区的上电极层包括用于使从铁电发射体发射的电子的多个电子发射孔; 以及由上电极层支撑的用于控制电子通过上电极层和驱动电极层中的电子发射区的驱动电极层。