Abstract:
The present invention relates to an analytical test for evaluating the functionality of the thrombin/antithrombin system. In particular, the present invention relates to an analytical method for evaluating the functionality of the thrombin/antithrombin system, comprising the following steps:
(a) mixing a sample of plasma to be analyzed with an agent promoting the inhibitory activity of antithrombin; (b) adding a Factor II activating agent to the mixture produced in step (a); (c) measuring the time ta taken to convert the fibrinogen of the mixture produced in step (b) into fibrin.
Abstract:
A multicuvette rotor (10) which reduces unacceptable tendencies of reagent or a sample material to spontaneously move or "wick" from one chamber compartment (40) to the other (42), resulting in premature conmingling of reactants, and of sample or reagent material to flow out of one or more of the radially outer loading ports (18) during acceleration of the rotor for transfer of the sample or reagent material from inner chambers (40) to corresponding outer chambers (42). Cover member disc (14) has planar lower surface (50) on which is formed a radially extending guide channel (56) adjacent each outer loading port (18); and an array of perimeter energy director ridges (60), each of which extends about the perimeter of an individual cuvette (30).
Abstract:
Spontaneous aspecific coloration in so-called Trinder reagents which can alter subsequent colorimetric determinations is inhibited by adding compounds of the chelating agent class to the solution. The resultant compositions contain a peroxidase enzyme, a phenylpyrazone derivative, a compound of phenolic or aromatic amine structure and a stabilizer. Preferred stablizers are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA).
Abstract:
A pre-determined amount of solubilized reagent is reacted to release CO₂ in a controlled-temperature reaction vessel and a controlled-pressure area adjacent the reaction vessel. The devices that enable the system to be maintained in the liquid phase, and the reaction vessel itself, are controlled, assuming that the O₂ in the solution is such as that deriving from the presence of O₂ in the atmosphere, if necessary corrected for the effect of the reaction producing CO₂. Thus, the amount of reagent taking part in the reaction being known, either by assay or by controlling the reaction time, by controlling the amount of O₂ in the solution containing the reagent, the barometric pressure, the temperature in the reaction vessel, and the coefficients of solubility of the two gases, it becomes possible to predict the partial pressures of O₂ and CO₂ in the liquid phase produced, which liquid phase is suitable for use as a calibration substance for an apparatus for measuring blood gases.
Abstract:
Electrodes for the measurement of pCO2 and/or pO2 are calibrated with an exposed aliquot of a calibration liquid. A constituent such as a ferrioxalate salt in the calibration liquid is converted to the gas in a reproducible concentration by exposure of the aliquot to light. In some instances, the calibration liquid is equilibrated with air prior to exposure. Some mechanisms of light generation of carbon dioxide also consume oxygen, so as to depress the pO2 value by a reproducible amount. The use of two different calibration liquids enables both one-point and two-point calibration of the Clark oxygen electrode and the Severinghaus pCO2 electrode of a blood gas instrument. Aqueous acidic ferrioxalate compositions are disclosed for use as calibrants of pCO2 and of pO2 after photodecomposition. Compositions with high iron(III) to oxalate molar ratios (e.g., 5:1 to 100:1 with 0.3 to 15 millimolar oxalate) produce carbon dioxide on exposure without oxygen consumption. Compositions with low iron(III) to oxalate ratios (e.g., 1:1000 to 1:2000) with 0.1 to 5 millimolar iron(III) produce carbon dioxide on exposure with concurrent oxygen consumption. Use of the two types of compositions enables calibration values to be established with varying pCO2 values and with, respectively, high and low pO2 values.
Abstract:
A pre-determined amount of solubilized reagent is reacted to release CO₂ in a controlled-temperature reaction vessel and a controlled-pressure area adjacent the reaction vessel. The devices that enable the system to be maintained in the liquid phase, and the reaction vessel itself, are controlled, assuming that the O₂ in the solution is such as that deriving from the presence of O₂ in the atmosphere, if necessary corrected for the effect of the reaction producing CO₂. Thus, the amount of reagent taking part in the reaction being known, either by assay or by controlling the reaction time, by controlling the amount of O₂ in the solution containing the reagent, the barometric pressure, the temperature in the reaction vessel, and the coefficients of solubility of the two gases, it becomes possible to predict the partial pressures of O₂ and CO₂ in the liquid phase produced, which liquid phase is suitable for use as a calibration substance for an apparatus for measuring blood gases.
Abstract:
A system is disclosed for measuring the partial pressure of a gas, and in particular of carbon dioxide (p CO ). The system uses an electrolytic solution of weak ionic strenght which is circulated between an ion-selective electrode and a membrane permeable to gases but not to the ions and substantially distant from the electrode. The partial pressure of the gas is measured after a fraction of the electrolytic solution has been permeated by the gas present in the sample and subsequently has been transferred on the sensible portion of the electrode.
Abstract:
A liquid handling system includes flow network module structure that defines a contained array of flow channels and a plurality of valves for controlling liquid flow through the flow channel array. The flow network module structure is adapted to be connected to an external source for applying a pressure differential to the flow network array to produce liquid flow within passages of the array. Also incorporated in the flow network module is chamber structure that is connected to the flow channel array and that has port structure in an outer surface of the module structure. Valve structure on the module structure is movable between a first position in which the port structure is closed and a second position in which the port structure is opened, the valve structure including actuator structure for moving a valve member between the first and second positions. Liquid transfer structure, including transport structure and probe structure carried on the transport structure, is adapted to cause movement of the valve structure from its first position to its second position concurrently with the movement of the probe structure into alignment with the chamber port structure for delivery of a quantity of sample material to the sample chamber and subsequent flow through the flow network array for interaction with an auxiliary fluid and transfer to an associated utilization device under the influence of an external pressure source.