Abstract:
The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a 4-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-butanediol, 4-hydroxybutanal, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA and/or putrescine pathway and being capable of producing 4-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the microbial organism comprises one or more genetic modifications. The invention additionally provides methods of producing 4-hydroxybutyrate, gamma-butyrolactone, 1,4-butanediol, 4-hydroxybutanal, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA and/or putrescine or related products using the microbial organisms.
Abstract:
Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism (NNOMO) having a methanol metabolic pathway (MMP) that can enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of methanol. Such reducing equivalents can be used to increase the product yield of organic compounds produced by the microbial organism, such as 3-hydroxyisobutyrate (3-HIB) or methacrylic acid (MAA). Also provided herein are methods for using such an organism to produce 3-HIB or MAA.
Abstract:
The invention provides a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an adipate, a 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam, or hexametheylenediamine pathway. The microbial organism contains at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme in the respective adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam or hexametheylenediamine pathway and at least one exogenous nucleic acid that encodes an enzyme that increases the yields of adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam or hexametheylenediamine by (i) enhancing carbon fixation via the reductive TCA cycle, and/or (ii) accessing additional reducing equivalents from gaseous carbon sources and/or syngas components such as CO, C02, and/or H2. The invention additionally provides a method for producing adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam or hexametheylenediamine. The method can include culturing an adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam or hexametheylenediamine producing microbial organism described herein under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce adipate, 6-aminocaproic acid, caprolactam or hexametheylenediamine.
Abstract:
Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having an isopropanol pathway and comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an isopropanol pathway enzyme. In certain embodiments, the pathway includes an enzyme selected from a 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase, a crotonase, a 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase, an acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, an acetyl-CoA:acetoacetate-CoA transferase, an acetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase, an acetoacetate decarboxylase, and an acetone reductase. Also provided herein is anon-naturally occurring microbial organism having an n -butanol pathway and comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an n -butanol pathway enzyme. Other non-naturally occurring microbial organism having n -butanol or isobutanol pathways are also provided herein. In certain embodiments, isobutanol pathways utilizing reverse TCA and/or reducing equivalents from CO and/or hydrogen are used to enhance product yields. The organisms provided herein can be cultured to produce isopropanol, n -butanol, or isobutanol.
Abstract:
Provided herein is a non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a reductive TCA or Wood-Ljungdahl pathway and comprising at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding said pathway enzymes expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance carbon flux through acetyl-CoA. Also provided herein is a method for enhancing carbon flux through acetyl-CoA and in some embodiments includes culturing these non-naturally occurring microbial organisms under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce a product having acetyl-CoA as a building block. Another non-naturally occurring microbial organism provided herein includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding an enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to enhance the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of carbon monoxide or hydrogen, thereby increasing the yield of redox-limited products via carbohydrate-based carbon feedstock. Also provided herein is a method for enhancing the availability of reducing equivalents in the presence of carbon monoxide or hydrogen, and can include culturing this organism for a sufficient period of time to produce a product.
Abstract:
A non-naturally occurring microbial organism includes a microbial organism having a 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO) pathway having at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a 1,3- BDO pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce 1,3-BDO. The pathway includes an enzyme selected from a 2-amino-4-ketopentanoate (AKP) thiolase, an AKP dehydrogenase, a 2-amino-4-hydroxypentanoate aminotransferase, a 2-amino-4- hydroxypentanoate oxidoreductase (deaminating), a 2-oxo-4-hydroxypentanoate decarboxylase, a 3-hydroxybutyraldehyde reductase, an AKP aminotransferase, an AKP oxidoreductase (deaminating), a 2,4-dioxopentanoate decarboxylase, a 3-oxobutyraldehyde reductase (ketone reducing), a 3-oxobutyraldehyde reductase (aldehyde reducing), a 4-hydroxy-2-butanone reductase, an AKP decarboxylase, a 4-aminobutan-2-one aminotransferase, a 4-aminobutan-2- one oxidoreductase (deaminating), a 4-aminobutan-2-one ammonia-lyase, a butenone hydratase, an AKP ammonia-lyase, an acetylacrylate decarboxylase, an acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (CoA- dependent, aldehyde forming), an acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (CoA-dependent, alcohol forming), an acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (ketone reducing), a 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA reductase (aldehyde forming), a 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA reductase (alcohol forming), a 4-hydroxybutyryl- CoA dehydratase, and a crotonase. A method for producing 1,3-BDO, includes culturing such microbial organisms under conditions and for a sufficient period of time to produce 1,3-BDO.
Abstract:
A non-naturally occurring microbial organism having a methyl ethyl ketone pathway includes at least one exogenous nucleic acid encoding a methyl ethyl ketone pathway enzyme expressed in a sufficient amount to produce methyl ethyl ketone. The methyl ethyl ketone pathway includes a β-ketothiolase, a β-ketovalerate decarboxylase and an enzyme selected from the group consisting of a β-ketovaleryl-CoA hydrolase and a β-ketovaleryl-CoA transferase. Alternatively, the methyl ethyl ketone pathway includes a 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, a 2-methylacetoacetate decarboxylase and an enzyme selected from the group consisting of a 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA hydrolase and a 2-methylacetoacetyl-CoA transferase. Either pathway can further include a methyl ethyl ketone reductase to produce 2-BuOH. A method for producing methyl ethyl ketone or 2-BuOH includes culturing these non-naturally occurring microbial organisms under conditions, and for a sufficient period of time, to produce methyl ethyl ketone or 2-BuOH.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of producing acrylic acid. The method includes contacting fumaric acid with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylic acid per mole of fumaric acid. Also provided is an acrylate ester. The method includes contacting fumarate diester with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylate ester per mole of fumarate diester. An integrated process for process for producing acrylic acid or acrylate ester is provided which couples bioproduction of fumaric acid with metathesis transformation. An acrylic acid and an acrylate ester production also is provided.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of producing acrylic acid. The method includes contacting fumaric acid with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylic acid per mole of fumaric acid. Also provided is an acrylate ester. The method includes contacting fumarate diester with a sufficient amount of ethylene in the presence of a cross-metathesis transformation catalyst to produce about two moles of acrylate ester per mole of fumarate diester. An integrated process for process for producing acrylic acid or acrylate ester is provided which couples bioproduction of fumaric acid with metathesis transformation. An acrylic acid and an acrylate ester production also is provided.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods and engineered microorganisms that enhance or improve the production of crotyl alcohol. The engineered microorganisms include genetic modifications in alcohol dehydrogenase, alkene reductase or both enzymatic activities. By such genetic modifications, a crotyl alcohol production pathway is provided or improved.