Abstract:
An ultra-thin anion exchange membrane incorporates functional additives to provide improved water management. Without the functional additives the ultra-thin membrane may have high cross-over and not be effective for many applications. A composite anion exchange membrane includes a porous scaffold support such as a porous polymer. The anion exchange polymer may be coupled to the porous scaffold, such as by being imbibed into the pores of the porous scaffold. The functional additives may contribute to increase water production, water retention, back-diffusion and reduce the gas crossover. A functional additive may include a reactive species, including a catalyst that reacts with oxygen or hydrogen, a plasticizer, a hygroscopic material and/or a radical scavenger.
Abstract:
A weak base anion resin has alkylamine segments covalently bound to cross-linking segments, the alkylamine segments being selected from a group consisting of: vinylamine, N-methylvinylamine, N,N-dimethylvinylamine, N-methyl-N-ethylvinylamine, and N,N-diethylvinylamine, and the weak base anion resin including ions adsorbed to the alkylamine segments. A method for ion exchange includes providing a weak base anion resin, contacting the weak base anion resin with a solution containing ions to one of capture or adsorb ions from solution to the weak base anion resin, and regenerating the weak base anion resin. A method to capture and release an acid gas includes providing a weak base anion resin, contacting the weak base anion resin with a gas including an acid gas to one of capture or adsorb the acid gas from the gas to the weak base anion resin, and regenerating the weak base anion resin to release the acid gas.
Abstract:
An ultra-thin anion exchange membrane incorporates functional additives to provide improved water management. Without the functional additives the ultra-thin membrane may have high cross-over and not be effective for many applications. A composite anion exchange membrane includes a porous scaffold support such as a porous polymer. The anion exchange polymer may be coupled to the porous scaffold, such as by being imbibed into the pores of the porous scaffold. The functional additives may contribute to increase water production, water retention, back-diffusion and reduce the gas crossover. A functional additive may include a reactive species, including a catalyst that reacts with oxygen or hydrogen, a plasticizer, a hygroscopic material and/or a radical scavenger.
Abstract:
Provided are methods of removing perchlorate from water. The methods include contacting water suspected of containing perchlorate with a cationic material. The cationic material includes one or more cationic metal atoms connected by an atom or molecule into an extended structure, and a charge balancing anion. The contacting removes perchlorate (e.g., selectively), if present, from the water. Water treatment vessels, systems and facilities that find use in practicing the methods of the present disclosure are also provided.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a technique which allows stable use of an ion-exchange resin for removing boron impurities over a long period of time in the purification step of a silane compound or a chlorosilane compound. In the present invention, a weakly basic ion-exchange resin used for the purification of a silane compound and a chlorosilane compound is cleaned with a gas containing hydrogen chloride. When this cleaning treatment is used for the initial activation of the weakly basic ion-exchange resin, a higher impurity-adsorbing capacity can be obtained. Further, use of the cleaning treatment for the regeneration of the weakly basic ion-exchange resin allows stable use of the ion-exchange resin for a long time. This allows reduction in the amount of the resin used in a long-term operation and reduction in the cost of used resin disposal.
Abstract:
A method for the removal of a substance, which has a negative charge and which is present in an aqueous liquid (I). The method comprises the steps of: (i) contacting the liquid with an anion-exchanger (1) that comprises mixed mode anion-exchanging ligands in which there is a positively charged nitrogen allowing binding of the substance to the anion-exchanger; and (ii) desorbing said substance from said anion-exchanger. The characteristic feature is that (A) the mixed mode ligands have a thioether linkage within a distance of 1-7 atoms from their positively charged atom, and (B) the anion-exchanger (1) (i) is capable of binding the substance of interest in an aqueous reference liquid (II) at an ionic strength corresponding to 0.25 M NaCl, and (ii) permits in the pH interval 2-12 a maximal breakthrough capacity for the substance which is ≧200% of the breakthrough capacity of the substance for Q-Sepharose Fast Flow (anion-exchanger 2).
Abstract translation:一种具有负电荷且存在于水性液体(I)中的物质的去除方法。 该方法包括以下步骤:(i)使液体与阴离子交换剂(1)接触,阴离子交换剂(1)包含混合阴离子交换配体,其中带有带正电荷的氮,允许物质与阴离子交换剂结合; 和(ii)从所述阴离子交换器中解吸所述物质。 其特征是(A)混合模式配体在其带正电荷的原子之间具有1-7个原子的距离内的硫醚键,(B)阴离子交换器(1)(i)能够结合物质 在对应于0.25M NaCl的离子强度的水性参考液体(II)中感兴趣的,以及(ii)允许在pH间隔2-12中物质的最大穿透能力为≥200%的穿透能力的物质 Q-Sepharose Fast Flow(阴离子交换器2)的物质。
Abstract:
A method for the removal of a substance carrying a negative charge and being present in an aqueous liquid (I). The method comprises the steps of: (i) contacting the liquid with a matrix carrying a plurality of ligands comprising a positively charged structure and a hydrophobic structure, and (ii) desorbing the substance. The characterizing feature is that (I) each of said ligands together with a spacer has the formula: --SP---nullArnullR1nullNnull(R2R3R4)nullnullwhere (A) nullArnullR1nullNnull(R2R3R4)null represents a ligand a) Ar is an aromatic ring, b) R1 is null(L)nRnull1nullm where n and m are integers selected amongst zero or 1; L is amino nitrogen, ether oxygen or thioether sulphur; Rnull1 is a linker selected among 1) hydrocarbon groups; 2) nullC(nullNH)null; c) R2-4 are selected among hydrogen and alkyls; (B) SP is a spacer providing a carbon or a heteroatom directly attached to ArnullR1nullNnull(R2R3R4); (C)--- represents that SP replaces a hydrogen in (ArnullR1nullNnull(R2R3R4); (D)-- represents binding to the matrix; and (II) desorption. There is also described (a) anion-exchangerrs having high breakthrough capacities, (b) a screening method and (c) a desalting protocol.
Abstract translation:一种用于去除携带负电荷并存在于水性液体(I)中的物质的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤:(i)使液体与承载包含带正电结构和疏水结构的多个配体的基质接触,和(ii)解吸该物质。 其特征在于:(I)每个所述配位体与间隔基一起具有下式:-SSP --- [Ar-R 1 -N +(R 2 R 3 R 4)]其中(A)[Ar-R 1 -N +(R2R3R4)]表示配体a)Ar是芳香环,b)R1是[(L)nR'1] m,其中n和m是选自零或1的整数; L是氨基氮,醚氧或硫醚硫; R'1是选自1)烃基的连接体; 2)-C(= NH) - ; c)R2-4选自氢和烷基; (B)SP是提供直接与Ar-R 1 -N +(R 2 R 3 R 4)连接的碳或杂原子的间隔基; (C)---表示SP替代(Ar-R1-N +(R2R3R4)中的氢;(D) - 表示与基质的结合;和(II)解吸,还描述了(a) 具有高突破能力的阴离子交换反应,(b)筛选方法和(c)脱盐方案。