Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula (I) : Li a-b M 1 b V 2-c M 2 c (PO 4 ) x ; wherein M 1 , M 2 , a, b, c and x have the following meanings: M 1 : Na, K, Rb and/or Cs, M 2 : Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al, Mg and/or Sc, a: 1.5 - 4.5, b: 0 - 0.6, c: 0 - 1.98 and x: number to equalize the charge of Li and V and M 1 and/or M 2 , if present, wherein a-b is > 0, to a compound according to general formula (I) as defined above, to spherical agglomerates and/or particles comprising at least one compound of general formula (I) as defined above, to the use of such a compound for the preparation of a cathode of a lithium ion battery or an electrochemical cell, and to a cathode for a lithium ion battery, comprising at least one compound as defined above.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abtrennen wenigstens eines ersten Stoffes aus einer Mischung enthaltend diesen wenigstens einen ersten Stoff und wenigstens einen zweiten Stoff, umfassend die folgenden Schritte: (A) Inkontaktbringen der Mischung enthaltend wenigstens einen ersten Stoff und wenigstens einen zweiten Stoff mit wenigstens einer oberflächenaktiven Substanz, gegebenenfalls in Gegenwart wenigstens eines Dispersionsmittels, wobei die oberflächenaktive Substanz an den wenigstens einen ersten Stoff anbindet, (B) gegebenenfalls Zugabe wenigstens eines Dispersionsmittels zu der in Schritt (A) erhaltenen Mischung, um eine Dispersion zu erhalten, (C) Behandeln der Dispersion aus Schritt (A) oder (B) mit wenigstens einem hydrophoben Magnetpartikel, so dass sich der wenigstens eine erste Stoff, an den die wenigstens eine oberflächenaktive Substanz angebunden ist, und der wenigstens eine Magnetpartikel anlagern, (D) Abtrennen des Anlagerungsproduktes aus Schritt (C) von der Mischung durch Anlegen eines magnetischen Feldes, (E) Spalten des abgetrennten Anlagerungsproduktes aus Schritt (D), um den wenigstens einen ersten Stoff und den wenigstens einen Magnetpartikel separat zu erhalten.
Abstract:
Beschrieben wird ein neues polynäres Metalloxidphosphat der allgemeinen Formel (I): M a V 2 O b (PO 4 ) c worin M für ein oder mehrere unter V, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr und Ba ausgewählte Metalle steht, a einen Wert von 0,5 bis 1,5 hat, b einen Wert von 1,5 bis 2,5 hat, c einen Wert von 1,5 bis 2,5 hat, mit einer Kristallstruktur, deren Pulverröngtendiffraktogramm durch definierte Beugungsreflexe gekennzeichnet ist. Bevorzugte Vertreter sind CoV 2 O 2 (PO 4 ) 2 , NiV 2 O 2 (PO 4 ) 2 oder CuV 2 O 2 (PO 4 ) 2 . Die Metalloxidphosphate eignen sich als Gasphasenoxidations-Katalysator, z. B. zur Herstellung von Maleinsäureanhydrid aus einem Kohlenwasserstoff mit mindestens vier Kohlenstoffatomen.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an electro-optically switchable system, which comprises an optically active element (2) and a push-button (41), to a container (3) comprising such an electro-optically switchable system, and to the use of such an electro-optically switchable system for providing containers that allow increased light to pass through into the insides thereof only for the duration of a control intervention.
Abstract:
The present application relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of general formula (I) Lia-bM1bFe1-cM2cPd-eM3eOx (I), wherein M1, M2, M3, a, b, c, d, e and x: M1: Na, K, Rb and/or Cs, M2: Mn, Mg, Ca, Ti, Co, Ni, Cr, V, M3: Si, S, a: 0.8-1.9, b: 0-0.3, c: 0-0.9, d: 0.8-1.9, e: 0-0.5, x: 1.0-8, depending on the amount and oxidation state of L1, M1, Fe, M2, P, M3, wherein compounds of general formula (I) are neutrally charged, comprising the following steps (A) providing an essentially aqueous mixture comprising at least one lithium-comprising compound, FeOOH as iron-comprising compound and at least one M1-comprising compound, if present, and/or at least one M2-comprising compound, if present, and/or least one M3-comprising compound, if present, at least one compound comprising at least one phosphorous atom and at least one reducing agent, (B) drying the mixture provided in step (A), in order to obtain a solid compound and (C) calcining the solid compound obtained from step (A) or (B) at a temperature of 300 to 950° C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for separating at least one first material from a mixture containing said at least one first material and at least one second material. Said method comprises the following steps: (A) a suspension of the mixture containing at least one first material and at least one second material and at least one magnetic particle is produced in a suitable suspending agent; (B) the pH of the suspension obtained in step (A) is adjusted to a value at which the at least one first material and the at least one magnetic particle have opposite surface charges such that the same agglomerate; (C) the agglomerate obtained in step (B) is separated by applying a magnetic field; and (D) the agglomerate separated in step (C) is split by adjusting the pH to a value at which the at least one first material and the at least one magnetic particle have identical surface charges in order to obtain the at least one first material.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing surface-modified nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, and/or metal oxide hydroxide, and aqueous suspensions of said particles. The invention further relates to the surface-modified nanoparticulate particles of at least one metal oxide, metal hydroxide, and/or metal oxide hydroxide and aqueous suspensions of said particles obtainable with said method, and the use thereof in cosmetic sun protection preparations, as stabilizers in plastics, and as antimicrobial agents.