公开(公告)号：WO2003050837A1

公开(公告)日：2003-06-19

申请号：PCT/EP2002/013465

申请日：2002-11-29

Applicant: THOMSON LICENSING S.A. ,  RICAUD, Jean-Luc ,  ROQUAIS, Jean-Michel

Inventor： RICAUD, Jean-Luc ,  ROQUAIS, Jean-Michel

IPC: H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J1/28

Abstract: Impregnated cathode for a vacuum tube comprising an emissive part in the form of a porous pellet 11 impregnated with a compound of alkaline earth metals; the pellet is placed in a dish 12 made of a refractory material and covered with a porous metal foil 13 forming the emissive surface of the cathode. Moreover, the pellet has a separation surface 18 between a heavily impregnated zone and a zone 10 which is not impregnated or weakly impregnated so that the said separation surface comprises at least a hollow part facing the emissive surface. By virtue of the shape of this separation surface, the lifetime of the cathode is improved.

Abstract translation: 一种用于真空管的浸渍阴极，包括浸渍有碱土金属化合物的多孔沉淀11形式的发射部分; 将颗粒放置在由耐火材料制成的盘12中并用形成阴极的发射表面的多孔金属箔13覆盖。 此外，颗粒在重浸渍区域和未浸渍或弱浸渍的区域10之间具有分离表面18，使得所述分离表面至少包括面向发射表面的中空部分。 由于该分离面的形状，阴极的寿命得到改善。

公开(公告)号：WO2016130580A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-18

申请号：PCT/US2016/017198

申请日：2016-02-09

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Inventor： LUHMANN, Neville, Jr. ,  SOEKLAND, Gordon ,  GAMZINA, Diana ,  LI, Na

IPC: H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/142

CPC classification number: H01J1/146 ,  C01G41/006 ,  C01P2004/64 ,  C01P2006/40 ,  C04B35/50 ,  C04B35/624 ,  C04B35/6261 ,  C04B35/62655 ,  C04B35/6268 ,  C04B35/64 ,  C04B2235/3208 ,  C04B2235/3215 ,  C04B2235/3222 ,  C04B2235/3224 ,  C04B2235/326 ,  C04B2235/5454 ,  C04B2235/96 ,  H01J1/142 ,  H01J9/04

Abstract: Methods for fabricating refractory metal scandate nanocomposite powders with homogeneous microstructured refractory metal grains and a uniform nanosized dispersion of scandia are provided. The powders prepared by the sol-gel methods have a spherical morphology, a narrow distribution of particle sizes and a very uniform dispersion of nanosized scandia particles joined to the tungsten grains. The powder particle sizes can range from nanometers to micrometers. The powders can be pressed into porous cathode structures that can be impregnated with emissive materials to produce high current density and long life cathodes for high-power terahertz vacuum electron devices. The sol-gel fabrication methods allow control over the materials, particle size, particle composition and pore size and distribution of the cathode structure by manipulation of the process parameters.

Abstract translation: 提供了具有均质微结构难熔金属颗粒的均匀纳米尺度分散体的难熔金属屑状纳米复合材料粉末的制备方法。 通过溶胶 - 凝胶法制备的粉末具有球形形态，粒度分布窄，并且与钨颗粒接合的纳米尺度的颗粒分散体非常均匀。 粉末粒度范围可以从纳米到微米。 粉末可以压制成可以用发射材料浸渍的多孔阴极结构，以产生高功率太赫兹真空电子器件的高电流密度和长寿命的阴极。 溶胶 - 凝胶制造方法允许通过操纵工艺参数来控制材料，粒度，颗粒组成和孔径以及阴极结构的分布。

公开(公告)号：WO2015101538A1

公开(公告)日：2015-07-09

申请号：PCT/EP2014/078995

申请日：2014-12-22

Applicant: MAPPER LITHOGRAPHY IP B.V.

Inventor： DINU-GÜRTLER, Laura ,  HOGERVORST, Eric Petrus

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/46 ,  H01J37/07

CPC classification number: H01J37/3174 ,  G03F7/70058 ,  H01J1/15 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J3/027 ,  H01J3/029 ,  H01J37/075 ,  H01J37/3177 ,  H01J2229/481 ,  H01J2237/061

Abstract: The invention relates to a cathode arrangement (20) comprising: • - a thermionic cathode comprising an emission portion (30) provided with an emission surface for emitting electrons, and a reservoir (38) for holding a material, wherein the material, when heated, releases work function lowering particles that diffuse towards the emission portion and emanate at the emission surface at a first evaporation rate; • - a focusing electrode (40) comprising a focusing surface for focusing the electrons emitted from the emission surface of the cathode; and • - an adjustable heat source (50) configured for keeping the focusing surface at a temperature at which accumulation of work function lowering particles on the focusing surface is prevented.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及阴极布置（20），其包括：·热阴极，其包括设置有用于发射电子的发射表面的发射部分（30）和用于保持 材料，其中所述材料在被加热时释放朝向所述发射部分扩散并在所述发射表面以第一蒸发速率发散的功函数降低颗粒; - 聚焦电极（40），其包括用于聚焦从阴极的发射表面发射的电子的聚焦表面; 和 - 可调节热源（50），其被配置用于将聚焦表面保持在防止聚焦表面上的功函数下降颗粒的聚集的温度。

公开(公告)号：WO2008035053A3

公开(公告)日：2008-05-29

申请号：PCT/GB2007003529

申请日：2007-09-18

Applicant: UNIV SURREY ,  GRUBISIC ANGELO NIKO

Inventor： GRUBISIC ANGELO NIKO

IPC: H01J1/02 ,  B64G1/40 ,  F03H1/00 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: H01J1/025 ,  B64G1/402 ,  B64G1/405 ,  B64G1/406 ,  F03H1/00 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/047

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an emitter (8; 10) for a thermionic dispenser cathode, includes forming a porous emitter body with substantially interconnected pores, having an emission surface (11; 16) from which, upon application of heat, electrons are emitted. The porous emitter body is suitable for transporting through the substantially interconnected pores, a compound released upon application of heat, to the emission surface (11; 16), which compound, when deposited on the emission surface (11; 16), serves to lower an effective work function of the emitter (8; 10). The porous emitter body is formed by means of a process of deposition of material. At least a region of the porous emitter body is provided with a continuously varying porosity. The porosity is continuously varied by controlling at least one parameter of the deposition process.

Abstract translation: 一种用于制造用于热离子分配器阴极的发射器（8; 10）的方法，包括形成具有基本上互连的孔的多孔发射体，具有发射表面（11; 16），在施加热量时，发射电子。 多孔发射器体适于将通过基本互连的孔（即施加热释放的化合物）输送到发射表面（11; 16），当沉积在发射表面（11; 16）上时，该化合物用于降低 发射器（8; 10）的有效功函数。 多孔发射体通过沉积材料的方法形成。 多孔发射体的至少一个区域具有连续变化的孔隙率。 通过控制沉积过程的至少一个参数来连续地改变孔隙度。

公开(公告)号：WO2004072732A3

公开(公告)日：2005-02-24

申请号：PCT/NL2004000112

申请日：2004-02-13

Applicant: MAPPER LITHOGRAPHY IP BV ,  KRUIT PIETER ,  STEENBRINK STIJN WILLEM HERMAN

Inventor： KRUIT PIETER ,  STEENBRINK STIJN WILLEM HERMAN

IPC: H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J37/065 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J37/3177 ,  H01J2237/3175 ,  H01J2237/31754 ,  H01J2237/31774

Abstract: A dispenser cathode which comprises an emission surface (4), a reservoir (1) for material releasing, when heated, work-function-lowering particles, and at least one passage (7) for allowing diffusion of work-function-lowering particles from said reservoir to said emission surface, said emission surface comprising at least one emission area (9) and at least one non-emission area (8) covered with emission-suppressing material and surrounding each emission area, said non-emission area comprising at least one passage connecting said reservoir with said non-emission area and debouching within a diffusion length distance from an emission area for allowing diffusion of work-function-lowering particles from said reservoir to said emission area.

Abstract translation: 一种分配器阴极，其包括排放表面（4），用于当加热时材料释放的储存器（1），功能降低颗粒和至少一个通道（7），用于允许功能降低功能颗粒从 所述发射表面包括至少一个发射区域（9）和被发射抑制材料覆盖并围绕每个发射区域的至少一个非发射区域（8），所述非发射区域至少包括 一个通道，其将所述储存器与所述非发射区域连接，并且在与发射区域的扩散长度距离内脱模，以允许将功函数降低的颗粒从所述储存器扩散到所述发射区域。

公开(公告)号：WO2003015116A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-20

申请号：PCT/JP2002/008024

申请日：2002-08-06

Applicant: 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 ,  河合 浩司

Inventor： 河合 浩司

IPC: H01J1/28

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/047

Abstract: A sintering type cathode (C1) has a shell−shaped cathode tip end portion (35) consisting of a conical peak portion (31) provided on one edge side facing an anode and a cylindrical base portion (33) provided on the other edge side. The cathode tip end portion (35) forms an electron radiation portion for emitting electrons. The cathode tip end portion (35) contains a particle−form high−melting−point metal (41), an aluminum layer (43) covering at least part of the surface of the high−melting−point metal (41), and a metal oxide (45) as an easily electron−emitting substance. This cathode tip end portion (35) is formed by mixing into the aluminum layer (43)−coated metal (41) a compound (metal carbonate) containing a metal serving as easily electron−emitting substance and changed into a metal oxide (45) on heat treating, and sintering the mixture.

Abstract translation: 烧结型阴极（C1）具有由设置在面向阳极的一个边缘侧的锥形峰部（31）和设置在另一边缘侧的圆筒状基部（33）构成的壳状阴极前端部（35） 。 阴极尖端部分（35）形成用于发射电子的电子辐射部分。 阴极前端部（35）包含粒状高熔点金属（41），覆盖高熔点金属（41）表面的至少一部分的铝层（43），以及 金属氧化物（45）作为容易的电子发射物质。 该阴极前端部（35）通过将包含金属作为容易发生电子发射物质并变成金属氧化物（45）的化合物（金属碳酸盐）混合到铝层（43）涂覆的金属（41）中而形成， 进行热处理，并烧结混合物。

公开(公告)号：WO02054434A1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-11

申请号：PCT/JP2001/011468

申请日：2001-12-26

IPC: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/04

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J9/047 ,  Y10T29/49002

Abstract: An impregnated cathode structure and a method of manufacturing the structure capable of firmly connecting a porous base metal to a cup body without using an intervenient and increasing the reliability of welding between the porous base metal and the cup body and an yield by eliminating the occurrence of defective welding; the impregnated cathode structure, comprising the porous base metal (11) impregnated with emissive materials and the cup body (12) allowing the surface of the porous base metal (11) to expose and holding the porous base metal (11) so as to cover the bottom and side faces thereof, wherein a non-porous dense part (14) is formed at the bottom face of the porous base metal (11), a close-fitted area (16) is formed by pressingly deforming the bottom part of the cup body (12) along the shape of the dense part (14), and the bottom part of the cup body (12) is welded to the dense part (14) of the porous base metal (11) in the close-fitted area (16).

Abstract translation: 一种浸渍阴极结构和一种制造能够将多孔基底金属牢固地连接到杯体的结构的方法，而不使用介质，并且增加多孔基底金属和杯体之间的焊接的可靠性，并且通过消除 有缺陷的焊接; 浸渍的阴极结构包括浸渍有发射材料的多孔基底金属（11）和允许多孔基底金属（11）的表面露出和保持多孔基底金属（11）的杯体（12）以覆盖 其底面和侧面，其中在多孔基底金属（11）的底面形成无孔致密部分（14），紧密配合区域（16）通过使所述多孔基底金属 沿着致密部分（14）的形状的杯体（12），并且杯体（12）的底部焊接到紧密配合区域中的多孔基底金属（11）的致密部分（14） （16）。

公开(公告)号：WO01099140A1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-27

申请号：PCT/FR2001/001763

申请日：2001-06-07

IPC: H01J1/20 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J29/04

CPC classification number: H01J29/04 ,  H01J1/20

Abstract: The invention concerns a cathode structure for cathode ray tube electron gun for quick ignition of the cathode and excellent thermal efficiency. The cathode comprises a closed chamber consisting of a cap (11) supporting the emitting part of the cathode and a cup-shaped skirt (14); the skirt has a concave inner surface so as to reflect by radiation the thermal energy accumulated by the skirt walls towards the cap zone supporting the emitting part.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于阴极射线管电子枪的阴极结构，用于快速点燃阴极和优异的热效率。 阴极包括由支撑阴极的发射部分的帽（11）和杯形裙部（14）组成的封闭腔室。 裙部具有凹入的内表面，以便通过辐射反射由裙壁积聚的热量朝着支撑发射部分的盖区域。

公开(公告)号：WO01015192A1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-01

申请号：PCT/EP2000/007518

申请日：2000-08-02

IPC: H01J37/073 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J1/144 ,  H01J1/15 ,  H01J1/30

CPC classification number: H01J1/28 ,  H01J1/14 ,  H01J2237/06316 ,  H01J2237/28

Abstract: A electron emission cathode includes an emitter (102) having an apex (118) from which electrons are emitted. The emitter is attached to a heating filament (114) at a junction (116) and extends from the junction both forward toward the apex and rearward. A reservoir (130) of material that lowers the work function of the emitter is positioned on the rearward extending portion (128) of the emitter. By positioning the reservoir on the rearward extending portion, the reservoir can be positioned sufficiently far from the junction to reduce its temperature and thereby greatly increase the useful life of the emitter without adversely affecting the emission characteristics of the source.

Abstract translation: 电子发射阴极包括具有电子发射的顶点（118）的发射极（102）。 发射器在接合处（116）处附接到加热丝（114）并且从接合部朝向顶点向后延伸。 降低发射器的功函数的材料储存器（130）位于发射器的向后延伸部分（128）上。 通过将储存器定位在向后延伸的部分上，储存器可以被定位成足够远离结点以降低其温度，从而大大增加发射器的使用寿命而不会不利地影响源的发射特性。

公开(公告)号：US20230028580A1

公开(公告)日：2023-01-26

申请号：US17868916

申请日：2022-07-20

Applicant: ISOTOPX LTD.

Inventor： Damian Paul TOOTELL ,  Anthony Michael JONES

IPC: H01J27/20 ,  H01J1/22 ,  H01J1/28

Abstract: An electron source in a gas-source mass spectrometer the electron source comprising: an electron emitter cathode presenting a thermionic electron emitter surface in communication with a gas-source chamber of the gas-source mass spectrometer for providing electrons there to; a heater element electrically isolated from the electron emitter cathode and arranged to be heated by an electrical current therein and to radiate heat to the electron emitter cathode sufficient to liberate electrons thermionically from said electron emitter surface, therewith to provide a source of electrons for use in ionising a gas the gas-source chamber.