Abstract:
The invention concerns semi-fluorinated alkanes of the general formulae RFRH and RFRHRF, RF being a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group and RH being a linear or branched saturated (hydrocarbon)-alkyl group.
Abstract:
Es werden Zusammensetzungen beschrieben enthaltend
A) einen Schmierstoff, eine Metallbearbeitungs- oder eine Hydraulikflüssigkeit, insbesondere ein Grundöl aus der Gruppe der mineralischen, pflanzlichen oder synthetischen (wie z.B. Poly-α-olefin- oder Esteröle) Öle; B) 0,005 bis zu 1,0 Gew.% einer Verbindung der Formel worin R 1 und R 2 unabhängig voneinander C 3 -C 18 -Alkyl, C 5 -C 12 -Cycloalkyl, C 5 -C 6 -Cycloalkylmethyl, C 9 -C 10 -Bicycloalkylmethyl, C 9 -C 10 -Tricycloalkylmethyl, Phenyl C 7 -C 24 Alkylphenyl oder zusammen (CH 3 ) 2 C(CH 2 ) 2 bedeuten, und R 3 Wasserstoff oder Methyl ist, sowie gegebenenfalls C) weitere übliche Öladditive aus den Gruppen der Antioxidantien, Metall-Desaktivatoren, Rost-Inhibitoren, Dispergatoren, Detergentien, Viskositätsindexverbesserern, Stockpunkterniedriger, Antischaummittel, Festschmierstoffe und weiteren Verschleißschutzadditive.
Abstract:
A wax-containing middle distillate, such as diesel fuel, having improved low temperature flow properties comprises three or more components including (A) an oil-soluble ethylene backbone flow improving polymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, (B) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of a carboxylic acid or anhydride such as phthalic anhydride salts, and (C) a hydrocarbyl substituted amine salt and/or amide of (I) a benzoic acid derivative such as the dihydrogenated tallow amine salt of an alkyl substituted dithiobenzoic acid or (II) a phosphoric acid derivative such as the dihydrogenated tallow amine salt of dialkyldithiophosphoric acid.
Abstract:
A particulate, free-flowing and rapid dissolving polymer composition is prepared by comminuting a high molecular weight thermoplastic or viscoelastic polymer (11) at a temperature below its glass transition temperature while maintaining the polymer in an inert environment. A finely divided, solid coating agent (12) is mingled with the comminuted polymer while maintaining the polymer particles in a cold and inert atmosphere. The particles of coating agent are formed into a protective shell (13) around each polymer particle by mixing the components while raising the temperature of the mixture. The polymer composition finds use as a drag reducing agent; as an anti-misting agent; to enhance the efficiency of oil skimming processes and devices; and for the preparation of polymer solutions for other uses.
Abstract:
Slurry fuels and associated methods are disclosed herein. One aspect of the invention is directed toward a slurry fuel that includes a liquid hydrocarbon based fuel suitable for use in an air-breathing power plant, metallic particles (e.g., boron), and a fluoropolymer (e.g., polytetrafluoroethylene). In selected embodiments the slurry fuel can further include a surfactant (e.g., polyolefin amide alkeneamine and/or Product NB463S84 produced by GE Betz, Inc.). Other aspects of the invention are directed toward a slurry fuel that includes a liquid hydrocarbon based fuel, metallic particles, and a surfactant having a composition that lowers the surface tension of the liquid hydrocarbon based fuel and reduces the tendency for the metallic particles to separate from the liquid hydrocarbon based fuel.
Abstract:
A method of improving the combustion of a fuel by adding a catalyst or combustion enhancer at an extremely low concentration, preferably in the range of 1 part catalyst per 200 million parts fuel to 1 part catalyst per 6 trillion parts fuel. The catalyst or combustion enhancer may be selected from a wide range of soluble compounds. The method may comprise the steps of an initial mixing of the catalyst or enhancer with a suitable solvent and then subsequent dilution steps using solvents or fuel. Suitable solvents include water, MTBE, methylketone, methylsobutylketone, butanol, isopropyl alcohol and other hydrophilic/oleophilic compounds.
Abstract:
A fuel composition of the present invention exhibits minimized hydrolysis and increased fuel stability, even after extended storage at 65null F. for 6-9 months. The composition, which is preferably not strongly alkaline (3.0 to 10.5), is more preferably weakly alkaline to mildly acidic (4.5 to 8.5) and most preferably slightly acidic (6.3 to 6.8), includes a lower dialkyl carbonate, a combustion improving amount of at least one high heating combustible compound containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, boron, bromine, bismuth, beryllium, calcium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, francium, gallium, germanium, iodine, iron, indium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, palladium, rubidium, sodium, tin, zinc, praseodymium, rhenium, silicon, vanadium, or mixture, and a hydrocarbon base fuel.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of using a block copolymer comprising monomeric units of 1,4-butadiene and at least one other comonomer addition products to lower the gel point of crude petroleum. The block copolymer comprises at least 10% by weight of at least one crystallizable block and at least one low crystallinity block.
Abstract:
The invention concerns semi-fluorinated alkanes of the general formulae RFRH and RFRHRF, RF being a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group and RH being a linear or branched saturated (hydrocarbon)-alkyl group.
Abstract:
The present invention provides diesel fuel oil composition comprising a base fuel which contains normal paraffin compounds having a carbon number of 20 or more 4.0 wt % or less, has a specific carbon number distribution in the high-boiling normal paraffin compounds, contains sulfur at 0.05 wt % or less, and is incorporated with 0.01 to 0.1 wt % of a FI.