Abstract:
Apparatuses and processes for reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides during combustion of fuel and air are disclosed. Fuel is completely vaporized and physically combined with air to provide a substantially uniform mixture on a molecular scale. This mixture will have an equivalence ratio of less than unity and will burn through formation of a thermal diffusion flame at temperatures below those encountered with stoichiometric combustion.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure and display of a specified intracorporeal region, the movement of an intracorporeal texture, or the bloodstream by providing a Doppler processor for processing a received signal including harmonics of a basic frequency. SOLUTION: A harmonic echo signal is transmitted to a Doppler processor 50 through a bus 90 or a wall filter 52. When a user desires only the processing and display of blood flow information, the wall filter 52 removes a low frequency tissue signal component from the wide band harmonic echo signal. When the user desires the image processing of a moving tissue or both the moving tissue and the bloodstream, the wall filter 52 is bypassed, and a Doppler calculation is performed by a Doppler estimating apparatus 54 by use of the harmonic signal not filtered on the bus 90. Doppler shift characteristic such as frequency (speed), Doppler power (intensity), acceleration or dispersion can be provided by the Doppler processing of the harmonic echo signal.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To house an ultrasonic device in a single portable unit by housing an array converter, a transceiver circuit and a beam forming device within a housing container so as to miniaturize the ultrasonic device. SOLUTION: Call originating/receiving ASIC 20 within the housing container controls the call-originating/receiving opening of a converter array 10 and the gain of a receiving echo signal, transfers a received echo to a front end ASIC 30 and beam-forms an echo from individual converter elements to a scanning line signal, and a storage device 32 stores data used by the beam forming device. The beam-formed scanning line signal is transferred to a digital signal processing ASIC 40 to transfer obtained ultrasonic B mode and doppler information to a back end ASIC 50. ASIC 50 is connected to a data port set as an infrared transmitter or a PCMCIA interface 56 to connect another module and function to the ultrasonic unit.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make the whole ultrasonic apparatus smaller as a scanning head by housing an array converter and a beam generator to delay and connect echo signals received by the array converter elements together into a common housing. SOLUTION: Portable ultrasonic apparatus is put in a single unit in which a converter array 10 is connected to a signal sending/receiving application specified integrated circuit(ASIC) 20 to receive echoes received by elements of the array 10, and the echoes received by the signal sending/receiving ASIC 20 are transferred to a front end ASIC 30 to make scan signals from echoes from respective converter element on generating beam. Scan signals with generated beam are transferred to a digital signal processing ASIC 40 to filter scan signals as well as B mode supersonic and Doppler information are sent to a back end ASIC 50 for scan conversion and picture output signal generation, then a frame of the supersonic picture is stored in a picture memory device 54 and displayed on an LCD display device 60.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable to three-dimensionally observe the specific lesion of an organ by processing ultrasonic Doppler information signals and displaying received Doppler power strength based on motion of an organ or a tissue by space basis in a three-dimensional display. SOLUTION: An ultrasonic probe is moved on the whole chest above the heart. A converter 12 is activated every time when the heart is at a desired phase in a pulse cycle determined by pulses generated by the heart to be sent to a transceiver 14. Thereby, one or more series of Doppler power images of the left ventricle are obtained and are stored in an image series memory 36. The planar Doppler power image at a selected heart phase is read out from the image series memory 36 and each planar image is rotated by an observation angle and is projected on an observation plane. Each projected planar image is overlapped on a previously accumulated projection image at a converted position in the image plane, which is the function of the observation angle and the plane interval, to be a Doppler power picture element.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically eliminate a valve click virtual image from actual time spectrum data before it is displayed on a monitor by comparing received dopplar information with a threshold immediately, and then specifying a maximum blood flow speed without an initial calibration delay. SOLUTION: Dopplar signal information received by ultrasonic converters 10, 12 are detected by a dopplar detector 16. A plurality of signal components from a site inside a human body to be diagnosed are transmitted to a dopplar processor 18 and the dopplar frequency eccentricity of the received signal is calculated by a high speed Fourier conversion processor or the like. The basic dopplar data is processed by a dopplar post-processor 20 and they are supplied to a maximum speed detector 22 and a dopplar display processor 30. The processor 30 uses dopplar data of spectrum line information displayed for a series of actual time. The detector 22 determines the maximum speed point of spectrum line through comparison between the dopplar data and noise threshold. The noise threshold is calculated by a threshold calculator 24.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a three dimensional ultrasonic image to be processed by a conventional hardware used for processing a two dimensional ultrasonic image by processing plurality of two dimensional images via scanning conversion, approximating the rotation to various image planes and re-projecting the image onto a reference plane such as the original image plane. SOLUTION: A ultrasonic probe 10 has a multiple-unit converter 12 for receiving ultrasonic echo returning from the body of a patient. The echo signal with the phase formed by a beam generator for receiving the echo signal formed by transmitter/receiver 14 is transferred to B-mode processor 30 and I.Q demodulator 18. Then, after I.Q. component is filtered by a wall filter 20, Doppler transfer or frequency shift is computed, then the stereo-value of each sample is converted into the color value by velocity image processor 26 and is displayed as a picture element on a display 40 via a scan converter and display processor.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To make electric focusing in a plurality of directions possible by dividing an element of array into a plurality of sub-elements in height direction and setting an aspect ratio that varies corresponding to the distance from the central vertical axis of the array to each sub-element. CONSTITUTION: Array 16 comprises a plurality of elements e1 , e2 , and so on. Each element (for example element e1 ) is divided into a plurality of sub-elements (e1 A to e1 D) in height direction. The central sub-element has a size represented by 5-2 that means a width of 5 units in height direction and 2 units in vertical direction, and the sizes of the sub-elements on both sides thereof decrease gradually as being 4-2, 3-2, 2-2, and 1-2 sequentially. All the sub-elements have the same thickness T. Further, a plurality of active electrodes 21, 23, 26, 24 and 22 are all connected to each other by wire 28 soldered to each sub-element.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To enable to prevent reduction of a frequency depending on the depth of a measurement object by utilizing all information components existing in the band of echo signals in measurement of a fluid flow by pulse Doppler signal transmission. CONSTITUTION: An ultrasonic pulse is generated from an operation head 10 in a fan shaped area 26 of a patient and an echo returning to the sample volume of the patient is made into a numeric by a receiver 14 to be an independent echo sample. The echo signal made into a numeric is properly delayed by a beam former 16 and weighted, then is stored in one longitudinal array of a two-dimensions array store 22. Products of samples neighboring each other in each longitudinal direction of the array are calculated by a row autocorrelation device 34 to obtain a secondary autocorrelation function and the speed of the sample volume is estimated by a speed processing device 36 based on the output of those correlation devices 32, 34 to be utilized in image processing.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To allow reliable discrimination of Doppler signal information from noise relating to ultrasonic diagnostic system for measuring the velocity of the blood stream by using spectral Doppler ultrasonography technique, automatically analyzing Doppler spectral data of the velocity of the bloodstream and improving the display method. CONSTITUTION: By transmitting repeatedly ultrasonic Doppler waves in selective positions within a living body such as heart or a blood vessel, Doppler information during a period of time of scattering sampling is displayed, scrolling as a continuous series of a spectral line in a real time against velocity display. In this display, the maximum velocity during the systolic time of the cardiac cycle is displayed by lines 10, 20 and 30 and the velocity during the diastole of the cardiac function is displayed by the intervals 12, 22 and 32 during the systolic time. Further, individual instantaneous measured values of Doppler spectral information are compared with a noise threshold and the determined peak value and means velocity are displayed by lines 60 and 62 utilizing contrasting colors or shading.