Abstract:
The invention relates to a copolymer having high chemical uniformity, made of (A) 50 to 30 wt % of ethylene, (B) 50 to 70 wt % of C4- to C24-hydrocarbylester of (meth)acrylic acid, (C) 0 to 5 wt % of (meth)acrylic acid, and (D) 0 to 10 wt % of copolymerizable monomers that can be obtained by the polymerization of a mixture of 80 to 60 wt % of ethylene, 20 to 40 wt % of (meth)acrylic acid, and 0 to 10 wt % of copolymerizable monomers in a back mixing, continuously operating polymerization apparatus, and the subsequent polymeric analogous esterification of the copolymer thus obtained with C4- to C24-hydrocarbinols. The copolymer according to the invention is suitable for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oils, for reducing the lower mixing temperature of cold flow improving additives in fuel oils, and for improving the filterability of fuel oils containing cold flow improving additives.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of microcapsules that contain a capsule core containing an effective substance and a capsule shell containing a polymer, comprising the formation of the capsule shell by means of the enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers that are present in an inverse mini-emulsion; and microcapsules and dispersions. The invention relates to the use of said microcapsules and dispersions containing microcapsules as components in dyes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, phytosanitary agents, fertilizers, additives for foods or animal feeds, adjuvants for polymers, paper, textiles, leather, or detergents and cleaning agents.
Abstract:
Copolímero constituido por (i) del 10 % al 90 % en moles de unidades de repetición de la estructura W1**Fórmula** en la que las variables R1 y R2 significan hidrógeno, alquilo C1 a C4 o agrupaciones de éster carboxílico de fórmula -COOR9, en la que R9 representa un resto hidrocarbilo C6 a C30 y en la que una de las variables R1 o R2 significa hidrógeno o alquilo C1 a C4 y la otra una agrupación de éster carboxílico de fórmula -COOR9, y en la que las variables R3 y R4 significan hidrógeno, alquilo C1 a C4, agrupaciones de éster carboxílico de fórmula -COOR9, en la que R9 representa un resto hidrocarbilo C6 a C30, o grupos carboxilo que pueden encontrarse también en forma de sus sales de metal alcalino, de metal alcalinotérreo o de amonio, en la que una de las variables R3 o R4 significa hidrógeno o alquilo C1 a C4 y la otra una agrupación de éster carboxílico de fórmula - COOR9 y/o un grupo carboxilo que puede encontrarse también en forma de su sal de metal alcalino, de metal alcalinotérreo o de amonio, y (ii) del 90 % al 10 % en moles de unidades de repetición de la estructura W2**Fórmula** en la que la variable R5 significa el resto de un éster de ácido carboxílico de fórmula -A-CO-O-R10, en la que la variable A representa un grupo alquileno C1 a C20 y la variable R10 designa un resto hidrocarbilo C1 a C30, y en la que las variables R6, R7 y R8 independientemente entre sí representan hidrógeno o alquilo C1 a C8, dando como resultado la suma de las unidades de repetición W1 y W2 el 100 % en moles.
Abstract:
Copolímero con elevada homogeneidad química constituido por (A) 50 a 30% en peso de etileno, (B) 50 a 70% en peso de un éster de hidrocarbilo C4 a C24 del ácido acrílico o ácido metacrílico o de una mezcla de tales ésteres de hidrocarbilo, (C) 0 a 5% en peso de ácido acrílico y/o ácido metacrílico y (D) 0 a 10% en peso de uno o varios monómeros copolimerizables, dando todos los componentes monoméricos en el copolímero conjuntamente el 100% en peso, que puede obtenerse por polimerización de una mezcla de 80 a 60% en peso de etileno, 20 a 40% en peso de ácido acrílico y/o ácido metacrílico y 0 a 10% en peso de uno o varios monómeros copolimerizables, dando todos los componentes monoméricos en la mezcla conjuntamente el 100% en peso, en un equipo de polimerización con retromezcla operado en continuo y subsiguiente polirreacción de esterificación del copolímero obtenido de etileno y ácido (met)acrílico o de esencialmente etileno y ácido (met)acrílico con un hidrocarbinol C4 a C24 o una mezcla de hidrocarbinoles C4 a C24.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a copolymer having high chemical uniformity, made of (A) 50 to 30 wt % of ethylene, (B) 50 to 70 wt % of C4- to C24-hydrocarbylester of (meth)acrylic acid, (C) 0 to 5 wt % of (meth)acrylic acid, and (D) 0 to 10 wt % of copolymerizable monomers that can be obtained by the polymerization of a mixture of 80 to 60 wt % of ethylene, 20 to 40 wt % of (meth)acrylic acid, and 0 to 10 wt % of copolymerizable monomers in a back mixing, continuously operating polymerization apparatus, and the subsequent polymeric analogous esterification of the copolymer thus obtained with C4- to C24-hydrocarbinols. The copolymer according to the invention is suitable for improving the cold flow properties of fuel oils, for reducing the lower mixing temperature of cold flow improving additives in fuel oils, and for improving the filterability of fuel oils containing cold flow improving additives.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for producing microcapsules. The microcapsules have an effect-substance-containing capsule core and a polymer-containing capsule covering. The capsule covering is formed by enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers which are present in an inverse miniemulsion, as well as microcapsules and dispersions. The present invention also provides for using the microcapsules and microcapsule dispersions as components in colorants, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, crop protection agents, fertilizers, and additives for foods or animal feed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of microcapsules tha t contain a capsule core containing an effective substance and a capsule she ll containing a polymer, comprising the formation of the capsule shell by me ans of the enzyme-catalyzed polymerization of monomers that are present in a n inverse mini-emulsion; and microcapsules and dispersions. The invention re lates to the use of said microcapsules and dispersions containing microcapsu les as components in dyes, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, phytosanitary agents, fertilizers, additives for foods or animal feeds, adjuvants for polymers, p aper, textiles, leather, or detergents and cleaning agents.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a copolymer obtainable by copolymerizing (A) at least one unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or the derivatives thereof, (B) at least one a-olefin comprising 6 to 20 carbon atoms, (C) at least one C3- to C20-alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or a mixture of such alkyl esters, and (D), optionally, one or more additional copolymerizable monomers different from monomers (A), (B) and (C), whereupon at least one dialkylamine (E) is converted, the two alkyl groups of the at least one dialkylamine (E) independently being alkyl groups having 17 to 30 carbon atoms. The invention further relates to a method for synthesizing a copolymer and to the use thereof, inter alia, for reducing crystallization of paraffin crystals in fuels.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of substituted monoureas, diureas, polyureas, monourethanes, bisurethanes, or polyurethanes of the formula R1X-CO-NR3R4, in which X represents R2N or O, and R1 to R4 represent hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, or aryl-alkyl groups independently of one another, wherein at least one variable must contain four carbon atoms and the urea or urethane functionality can be present multiple times via bridge elements, in order to further improve the cold flow properties of mineral oils and crude oils which already contain an additional organic compound that is suitable for dispersing or aiding the dispersion of paraffin crystals precipitated at low temperatures and an additional organic compound that improves the cold flow behavior of mineral oils and crude oils.