Abstract:
A speed-up circuit in an apparatus for measuring a dividing particle size of a particulate system operates to give greater weight to the particle size of particles sensed shortly after system initiation as compared to particles sensed a substantial period of time after system initiation. This increases the speed at which the system moves from an initial or reference setting towards the desired particle size above and below which size predetermined fractions of the total mass of the particulate system are respectively included.
Abstract:
Automatic printing apparatus wherein a single turnaround item-document is utilized as an initial source of intelligible information-data and thereafter by comparing certain of the data on the document with additional data inputted thereto by means of operably associated external hardware and subsequently summarizing the total data on the item effective to provide a final document including both the initially inputted information-data as well as the data resulting from the comparison and summarization.
Abstract:
Automatic printing apparatus wherein a single turnaround item-document is utilized as an initial source of intelligible information-data and thereafter by comparing certain of the data on the document with additional data inputted thereto by means of operably associated external hardware and subsequently summarizing the total data on the item effective to provide a final document including both the initially inputted information-data as well as the data resulting from the comparison and summarization.
Abstract:
The amplitude of each of the pulses derived from a Coulter type of electronic particle analyzer is modified to compensate for amplitude error that results when the particle traverses nonuniform field portions of the scanning aperture path of the particle analyzer. By measuring the pulse amplitude at its center point and at two ''''shoulder'''' points located on opposite sides of the center point, a summing and comparison involving the pulse amplitudes at these three points is developed which effectively generates a modified pulse amplitude at the time of the center amplitude. The thus modified center amplitude is a more accurate measure of the volume of each particle and there results an improved linearizing of the particle volume pulse amplitude relationship which enhances the resolution of particle sizing data.
Abstract:
A speed-up circuit in an apparatus for measuring a dividing particle size of a particulate system operates to give greater weight to the particle size of particles sensed shortly after system initiation as compared to particles sensed a substantial period of time after system initiation. This increases the speed at which the system moves from an initial or reference setting towards the desired particle size above and below which size predetermined fractions of the total mass of the particulate system are respectively included.
Abstract:
The amplitude of each of the pulses derived from a Coulter type of electronic particle analyzer is modified to compensate for amplitude error that results when the particle traverses non-uniform field portions of the scanning aperture path of the particle analyzer. By measuring the pulse amplitude at its center point and at two "shoulder" points located on opposite sides of the center point, a summing and comparison involving the pulse amplitudes at these three points is developed which effectively generates a modified pulse amplitude at the time of the center amplitude. The thus modified center amplitude is a more accurate measure of the volume of each particle and there results an improved linearizing of the particle volume pulse amplitude relationship which enhances the resolution of particle sizing data.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for correcting a particle pulse count subject to coincidence error is disclosed wherein particle pulses, developed in response to passage of particles in a particulate system through a sensing zone, are counted for a predetermined period of time. The predetermined period of time is increased or extended in response to each pulse counted by a time increment that is a function of a characteristic of the counted pulse, such as the pulse width, duration, or amplitude. The total additional time period allows the counting of additional particle pulses such that the total count at the end of the extended time period is an error corrected count for the number of particles detected in the predetermined time period.
Abstract:
The pulses produced by a Coulter type of electronic particle analyzer having a scanning aperture have amplitudes proportional to the particle volumes; hence, random in amplitude. The pulses are variably asymmetric due to the particle scanning aperture and particle flow arrangement. The most reliable measure of particle volume is pulse amplitude at the time when the particle is halfway through the scanning aperture path. By attenuating each pulse to the same predetermined percentage of its amplitude and comparing the attenuated signal level with the original pulse in two different time spaced channels, there results two equal rectangular time-spaced pulses that separately then are integrated and compared. If the integration durations are equal, but one integral signal is attenuated to one half, then the two time-spaced integral signals will have equal amplitudes at the time center of the rectangular pulse, the symmetric time center of the original pulse. Adjustment of the slope of integration and/or attenuation of one integral signal can shift the time position. In this manner the amplitude of the particle-pulse can be strobed at its aperture path center time.