公开(公告)号：JPH1070141A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-10

申请号：JP16599897

申请日：1997-06-23

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： BERNIER WILLIAM EMMETT ,  MICHAEL ANTHONY GEINZU ,  MEMIS IRVING ,  SHAUKATULLAH HUSSAIN

IPC: H01L23/373 ,  H01L21/44 ,  H01L21/52 ,  H01L21/56 ,  H01L21/60 ,  H01L23/34 ,  H01L23/367 ,  H01L23/433 ,  H01L23/42

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of fitting a radiator or heat sink to an electronic component, and its resultant structure. SOLUTION: A heat sink 118 of aluminum or copper is glued to a ceramic cap 100 or an exposed semiconductor chip by the use of a silicon adhesive or flexible epoxy adhesive 120. Aluminum is covered by anode oxidation or chromate conversion, or copper can be covered by nickel or gold chromium. A structure like this is especially beneficial for fitting a flip chip. These adhesive agents contain materials having high thermal conductivities and low coefficients of thermal expansion(CTE), enhance heat performance, and improve the CTE difference between a silicon metal die and the metal of a heat sink.

公开(公告)号：DE3376969D1

公开(公告)日：1988-07-14

申请号：DE3376969

申请日：1983-02-23

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： GENDLER PAUL LEWIS ,  JAFFE ANNETTE BRONKESH ,  TWIEG ROBERT JAMES ,  BERNIER WILLIAM EMMETT

IPC: B41M1/36 ,  B41M5/124 ,  B41M5/128 ,  B41M5/20 ,  B41M5/337 ,  B41M5/12 ,  B41M5/26

Abstract: Substrate comprises (1) leucomethylene blue dye (I) and (2), as stabiliser, citric, aspartic, malonic, oxalic, ascorbic or tartaric acids; ketomalonic acid monohydriate; glucose or methionine. Most pref. is malonic acid. Pref. the mole ratio of (I):stabiliser is about 1:1 and the substrate, which is esp. paper, may also contain bromide ions. Typically the paper is treated with an aq. soln. contg. 0.5-5 (1) wt. %(I), a stoichiometric amt. of stabiliser and 1-30(15)% bromide ion. Each 8.5 by 11 inch sheet of paper contains about 10 mg (I). The stabiliser inhibts background formation, i.e. oxidative conversion of (I) to the coloured form. The substrates are most useful for electrochromic printing and give prints of improved storage qualities.

公开(公告)号：DE3379719D1

公开(公告)日：1989-06-01

申请号：DE3379719

申请日：1983-12-28

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： BERNIER WILLIAM EMMETT ,  EMMI FRANCIS ,  FEY EDMOND OTTO ,  GENDLER PAUL LEWIS ,  TWIEG ROBERT JAMES

IPC: B41M5/20

公开(公告)号：DE3378307D1

公开(公告)日：1988-12-01

申请号：DE3378307

申请日：1983-06-01

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： BERNIER WILLIAM EMMETT ,  PIGOS CHARLES ROBERT

IPC: B41J2/32 ,  B41M5/20

Abstract: A method of controlling the pH of a print reaction zone in an electrolytic matrix printer is described. Appropriate amounts of a buffering agent are included in the treated surface layer of the recording medium used in the printer to hold the pH of the print reaction zone in the range of 5.0 to 7.0 and, preferably, between 6.0 and 6.5. The pH of the electrolytic reaction zone can also be held in the desired range by adding appropriate amounts of a buffering agent to a supply of recording medium moistening fluid, either before and/or during actual printing, the latter step enabling dynamic buffering control if needed. The described method halts or reduces the degradation of print electrodes by effecting a balance between excess quantities of acid or base material generated in the print reaction zone during printing.

公开(公告)号：DE3268464D1

公开(公告)日：1986-02-27

申请号：DE3268464

申请日：1982-02-02

Applicant: IBM

Inventor： BERNIER WILLIAM EMMETT

IPC: C09K9/02 ,  B41M5/20 ,  G02F1/15 ,  G02F1/17

Abstract: An electrochromic printable media which includes a substrate coated with certain leuco dyes and with a bromide compound is described.