Abstract:
The present invention relates to methods of using an aqueous composition or dispersion containing a water-soluble or water-dispersible synthetic polymer, and compositions formed thereof. The aqueous composition or dispersion is added to agricultural spray compositions, ink compositions, deicing or anti-icing compositions, latex paint and coating compositions, cleaner compositions, adhesives, fire-extinguishing chemical compositions, hydro-metallurgy/electro-winning compositions, compositions having organosilanes, personal care compositions, water-based hydraulic compositions, dust control compositions, and textile finish compositions, to impart properties including aerosol control, spatter control, shear stability, rheology control, transfer efficiency, oil/water reduction, sling control, emollient performance, film forming capability, surface activity, encapsulent ability, lubricity, thickening, and anti-wear capability, to the resultant composition formed thereof.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a copolymer suitable for a variety of applications such as resins and films and a solid mixture useful as a coagulant, a dispersant, an adhesive and a thickener by mixing an acrylamide-alkanesulfonic acid and a specific basic compound. SOLUTION: An acrylamide-alkanesulfonic acid usually in a solid form (for example, 2 acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) and a basic compound which is reactive with said acrylamide-alkanesulfonic acid in a solution to form the salt (sodium carbonate or the like containing an anion forming a volatile compound on acidification) are mixed at an equivalent ratio of about 1/0.8-1/2 through dry mixing, inline static mixing or in an inactive liquid medium (a hydrocarbon, for example, hexane or benzene or ether), then said medium is removed.
Abstract:
Un método para reducir la formación de neblinas en un sistema acuoso sometido a elevado efecto de cizalla que supone la aplicación de una composición acuosa al citado sistema de elevado efecto de cizalla, que comprende: incluir en la citada composición acuosa un copolímero supresor de neblinas, dispersable en agua, que comprende (A) unidades de monómero hidrófobo que comprenden al menos un hidrocarburo insaturado o tal hidrocarburo que tiene un sustituyente hidrocarbilo, conteniendo las citadas unidades de monómero de 3 a 30 átomos de carbono; y (B) unidades de monómero hidrófilo que comprenden al menos un ácido sulfónico polimerizable o sal del mismo seleccionado de los ácidos sulfónicos y sales de los mismos, donde R4 es un hidrógeno o un grupo metilo y R es un grupo hidrocarburo alifático o aromático que contiene 2 a 12 átomos de carbono; donde las sales se seleccionan de sales de metal alcalino, sales de metal alcalino-térreo, sales de los metales Sc, Ti, V. Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce yZn y sales de amonio, donde el ión amonio está representado por R5R6R7R8N+ donde R4, R5, R6, R7 y R8 son, independientemente, hidrógeno o grupos hidrocarbilo, siempre que el número total de átomos de carbono en un catión amonio no exceda de 21 átomos de carbono.
Abstract:
A metal overbased composition is disclosed that comprises (A) at least one natural oil comprising an animal oil or vegetable oil comprising a triglyceride of the formula wherein R1, R2 and R3 arc independently saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and (B) a metal base oxide (MO), hydroxide (MOH) or alkoxide (R4OM) wherein the metal comprises an alkali or alkaline earth and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, and wherein the equivalent ratio of (A):(B) is from 0.90-10:1 to form a saponified intermediate, adding 2-11 equivalents of (B) per equivalent of formed saponified intermediate and reacting excess (B) with (C) an acidic gas comprising carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide. This composition may also be gelled to produce a rheology control agent.
Abstract:
Dispersant salt compositions are made by reacting phosphorus-free carboxylic solubilizers with sulfonic acid-free organic acids or mineral acids. The carboxylic solubilizer can be made by the reaction of a polycarboxylic acid acylating agent having at least one hydrocarbon-based substituent of at least 8 to 500 carbon atoms with at least one poly(alkyleneamine). The dispersant salts have good thermal stability when mixed with a surfactant or a hydrophilic organic solvent. The compositions can be used with aqueous solutions to disperse various fillers including carbon black, as well as to solubilize various fluids.
Abstract:
A metal overbased composition is disclosed that comprises (A) at least one natural oil comprising an animal oil or vegetable oil comprising a triglyceride of the formula wherein R1, R2 and R3 arc independently saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups containing from about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms and (B) a metal base oxide (MO), hydroxide (MOH) or alkoxide (R4OM) wherein the metal comprises an alkali or alkaline earth and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from about 1 to about 24 carbon atoms, and wherein the equivalent ratio of (A):(B) is from 0.90-10:1 to form a saponified intermediate, adding 2-11 equivalents of (B) per equivalent of formed saponified intermediate and reacting excess (B) with (C) an acidic gas comprising carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide. This composition may also be gelled to produce a rheology control agent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to methods of preparing sintered shapes (shaped articles) comprising the steps of forming a green body from a mixture comprising (A) a major amount of at least one inorganic powder with (B) at least one reaction product of an amine other than an alkanolamine with a hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent or alkylalkyleneglycolacetic acylating agent; provided the reaction product is other than an alkylene oxide treated fatty monocarboxylic amide and provided that when the hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent is a nonaromatic acylating agent, then the hydrocarbyl group is other than hydrocarbyl groups having an average of about 55 to about 110 carbon atoms; and sintering the green body. Sintered shapes obtainable from the methods of the present invention have relatively high fired densities and small uniform grain sizes and low porosity.