公开(公告)号：EP0989425A3

公开(公告)日：2004-01-02

申请号：EP99307247.9

申请日：1999-09-14

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Espindola, Rolando Patricio ,  Wagener, Jefferson Lynn ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/16 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2203/48

Abstract: A device for changing the power levels of signals transmitted by an optical fiber, along with signal modulation and wavelength routing, comprises a length of optical fiber in which for a predetermined section of the length of the fiber, the fiber core is surrounded by a cladding having one or more variable refractive index (VRI) regions disposed therein in close proximity to the core. The VRI regions are fabricated with a material having an index of refraction higher than that of the cladding and may comprise a variable attenuator.

Abstract translation: 用于改变由光纤发射的信号的功率电平以及信号调制和波长路由的装置包括一段长度的光纤，其中对于纤维长度的预定部分，光纤芯被包层围绕 具有一个或多个可变折射率（VRI）区域，其设置在靠近芯部的位置。 VRI区域由具有高于包层的折射率的材料制成，并且可以包括可变衰减器。

公开(公告)号：EP1172339A1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-16

申请号：EP01300525.1

申请日：2001-01-22

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： De Hazan, Yoram ,  Macchesney, John Burnette ,  Stockert, Thomas Edward ,  Trevor, Dennis J. ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: C03B37/016 ,  C03B19/12

CPC classification number: G02B6/02347 ,  C03B19/12 ,  C03B37/016 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/42

Abstract: The disclosed method of making microstructured optical fiber comprises providing a mold, with a multiplicity of elongate elements extending into the mold and being maintained in a predetermined spatial arrangement with respect to the mold. Silica-containing sol is introduced into the mold and is caused to or permitted to gel, such that a gel body results. After removing the elongate elements from the gel body and removing the gel body from the mold, the gel body is dried, sintered and purified, and the microstructured fiber is drawn from the sintered body.

Abstract translation: 所公开的制造微结构光纤的方法包括提供模具，多个细长元件延伸到模具中并相对于模具保持预定的空间布置。 将含硅溶胶引入模具中并引起或允许凝胶化，从而导致凝胶体。 在从凝胶体中除去细长元件并从模具中取出凝胶体之后，将凝胶体干燥，烧结和纯化，并将微结构纤维从烧结体中拉出。

公开(公告)号：EP1148360A2

公开(公告)日：2001-10-24

申请号：EP01301432.9

申请日：2001-02-19

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Ranka, Jinendra Kumar ,  Reed, William Alfred ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02366 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/02266 ,  G02B6/29377

Abstract: A fiber optic system comprises an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and an optical fiber transmission path that optically couples the transmitter and the receiver to one another. The transmission path includes a first section that has negative dispersion at an operating wavelength λ o greater than about 1300 nm and a second section that includes a MOF. The MOF has relatively large anomalous dispersion at λ o and is sufficiently long to compensate the accumulated negative dispersion in the first section. In one embodiment the MOF comprises a core, a lower index cladding that includes one or more layers of air holes surrounding the core, characterized in that the diameter of the core is less than about 8 µm and the difference in effective refractive index between the core and cladding is greater than about 0.1 (10%). Preferably, the cladding contains no more than 2 layers of air holes and the distance between the nearest edges of adjacent air holes is less than about 1 µm.

Abstract translation: 光纤系统包括光发射机，光接收机和将发射机和接收机彼此光耦合的光纤传输路径。 传输路径包括在大于约1300nm的工作波长λo处具有负色散的第一部分和包括MOF的第二部分。 MOF在λo处具有相对较大的异常色散，并且足够长以补偿第一部分中的累积负色散。 在一个实施例中，MOF包括芯，低折射率包层，其包括围绕芯的一层或多层空气孔，其特征在于，芯的直径小于约8μm，并且有效折射率之间的差异在 芯和包层大于约0.1（10％）。 优选地，包层包含不超过2层的气孔，并且相邻气孔的最近边缘之间的距离小于约1μm。

公开(公告)号：EP0955273A1

公开(公告)日：1999-11-10

申请号：EP99302854.7

申请日：1999-04-13

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Atkins, Robert Michael ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: C03B37/018

CPC classification number: C03B37/01807 ,  C03B37/01838 ,  C03B2201/12 ,  C03B2201/28 ,  C03B2201/34 ,  C03B2201/36 ,  C03B2201/40

Abstract: Applicants have determined that much of the nonuniformity in solution doped preforms is due to nonuniformity of the soot layer caused by the high temperature necessary for complete reaction, and that MCVD fabrication using reaction temperature lowering gases such as nitrous oxide (N 2 O) can produce more uniform soot layers. The conventional oxygen/reactant gas mixture presents a very small temperature window in which a uniform silica soot layer can be deposited without sintering. If the temperature in oxygen is too low, SiCl 4 will not react completely and silicon oxychlorides will form. This degrades the soot layer and makes it unusable. If the temperature is too high the soot layer begins to sinter, decreasing the surface area and porosity. Adding a reaction temperature lowering gas lowers the reaction temperature and enables deposition of soot on the tube wall at a temperature substantially lower than the sintering temperature. This results in a more uniform, porous soot layer along the length of the preform and from one preform to another; and, in turn, the greater uniformity permits more uniform solution doping.

Abstract translation: 申请人已经确定了溶液掺杂预制件中的大部分不均匀性是由于完全反应所需的高温引起的烟灰层的不均匀性，并且使用反应温度降低气体如一氧化二氮（N 2 O）的MCVD制造可以产生更均匀的 烟灰层。 常规的氧气/反应物气体混合物呈现非常小的温度窗口，其中可沉积均匀的二氧化硅烟灰层而不烧结。 如果氧气中的温度太低，SiCl4将不会完全反应，而形成硅氯化物。 这会降低烟灰层，使其不可用。 如果温度太高，烟灰层开始烧结，减少表面积和孔隙率。 添加反应降温气体降低了反应温度，并且能够在基本上低于烧结温度的温度下将烟灰沉积在管壁上。 这导致沿着预成型件的长度和从一个预制件到另一个的更均匀的多孔的烟灰层; 反过来，更大的均匀性允许更均匀的溶液掺杂。

公开(公告)号：EP1130427A3

公开(公告)日：2005-01-12

申请号：EP01301452.7

申请日：2001-02-19

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Ranka, Jinendra Kumar ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02366 ,  G02B6/02214

Abstract: A properly designed MOF can simultaneously exhibit large anomalous dispersion at visible and near infrared wavelengths and support numerous transverse spatial modes that are essentially decoupled from one another, even in the presence of significant perturbations. In a MOF that includes an inner cladding region comprising at least one thin layer of air holes surrounding a core region, the key is to achieve a relatively large wave vector mismatch between the lowest order modes by appropriate design of the size of the core region and of the effective refractive index difference between the core region and the inner cladding region. In accordance with one aspect of our invention, MOFs are designed to exhibit simultaneously relatively large anomalous dispersion and essentially decoupled transverse spatial modes by making the diameter of the core region less than about 6 µm and the difference in effective refractive index between the core and cladding regions greater than about 0.1 (10%). Preferably, the cladding region contains no more than 2 layers of air holes, and the distance between the nearest edges of adjacent air holes is less than about 1 µm. MOFs with these features enable several embodiments of our invention. One embodiment is a nonlinear optical system comprising an optical pump source, an optical signal source, a utilization device and an optical fiber transmission path that optically couples the sources to the device. The transmission path includes at least a section of MOF in which at least two transverse modes are decoupled from one another over the length of the MOF section, the output of the pump source propagating in one of the transverse modes and the output of the signal source propagating in another of the transverse modes. Another embodiment is an optical transmission system comprising an optical transmitter, a utilization device and an optical fiber transmission path that optically couples the transmitter and the utilization device. The transmission path includes at least a section of MOF in which at least two of the transverse modes are decoupled from one another over the length of the MOF section, and further includes a first modulator for impressing information on a first optical signal to be propagated along the MOF in one of the transverse modes and a second modulator for impressing information on a second optical signal to be propagated along the MOF in another of the transverse modes.

公开(公告)号：EP1199582B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-29

申请号：EP01304127.2

申请日：2001-05-08

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Chandalia, Juhi ,  Di Giovanni, David John ,  Eggleton, Benjamin John ,  Kosinski, Sandra Greenberg ,  Liu, Xiang ,  Windeler, Robert Scott ,  Xu, Chunhui

IPC: G02B6/255 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02361 ,  G02B6/02366 ,  G02B6/02371 ,  G02B6/02376 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/2552

公开(公告)号：EP1199582A1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-24

申请号：EP01304127.2

申请日：2001-05-08

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Chandalia, Juhi ,  Di Giovanni, David John ,  Eggleton, Benjamin John ,  Kosinski, Sandra Greenberg ,  Liu, Xiang ,  Windeler, Robert Scott ,  Xu, Chunhui

IPC: G02B6/255 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02361 ,  G02B6/02366 ,  G02B6/02371 ,  G02B6/02376 ,  G02B6/14 ,  G02B6/2552

Abstract: The invention involves providing a microstructured fiber having a core region, a cladding region, and one or more axially oriented elements (e.g., capillary air holes) in the cladding region. A portion of the microstructured fiber is then treated, e.g., by heating and stretching the fiber, such that at least one feature of the fiber microstructure is modified along the propagation direction, e.g., the outer diameter of the fiber gets smaller, the axially oriented elements get smaller, or the axially oriented elements collapse. The treatment is selected to provide a resultant fiber length that exhibits particular properties, e.g., mode contraction leading to soliton generation, or mode expansion. Advantageously, the overall fiber length is designed to readily couple to a standard transmission fiber, i.e., the core sizes at the ends of the length are similar to a standard fiber, which allows efficient coupling of light into the microstructured fiber length.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及提供在包层区域中具有芯区域，包层区域和一个或多个轴向取向元件（例如，毛细管气孔）的微结构纤维。 然后，例如通过加热和拉伸纤维来处理部分微结构纤维，使得纤维微结构的至少一个特征沿着传播方向被改变，例如，纤维的外径变小，轴向定向 元件变小，或轴向取向的元件塌陷。 选择该处理以提供显示特定性质的所得纤维长度，例如导致孤立生成的模式收缩或模式扩张。 有利地，整个光纤长度被设计成容易地耦合到标准传输光纤，即，长度端部处的芯尺寸类似于标准光纤，其允许光有效地耦合到微结构化光纤长度。

公开(公告)号：EP1054273A2

公开(公告)日：2000-11-22

申请号：EP00303895.7

申请日：2000-05-09

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Ranka, Jinendra Kumar ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02366 ,  G02B6/02004 ,  G02B6/02214 ,  G02B6/02333 ,  G02B6/02361 ,  G02B6/02385 ,  G02F1/365 ,  G02F2001/3528 ,  G02F2202/32

Abstract: Properly designed optical waveguides exhibit anomalous (positive) dispersion over a continuum of visible and near infrared wavelengths and, in one embodiment, the fiber has zero-dispersion at a visible wavelength (e.g., about 760 nm). Preferably, the zero-dispersion point occurs at a vis-nir wavelength where the normal (negative) material dispersion is relatively high and the effective refractive index difference between the core and the cladding is sufficiently large that the anomalous (positive) waveguide dispersion compensates the normal material dispersion. Illustratively, the optical waveguide is a microstructured fiber comprising a solid silica core surrounded by an inner cladding that includes a plurality of capillary air holes that allow for index-guiding within the core. The pattern formed by the cross-sections of the air holes, typically circles, may take on a variety geometric configurations, such as a closely packed hexagon or triangle. Alternatively, the cross-section of the air holes may form two mating, essentially semicircular regions on either side of a core that is supported by a pair of radial webs. As a result of the novel dispersion characteristics of the microstructured fibers combined with small effective area cores, we have demonstrated several applications of the invention that, in the prior art of standard single-mode fibers, have been possible only at wavelengths greater than about 1300 nm, including pulse compression, bright soliton propagation, fundamental mode-to-fundamental mode second harmonic generation, and broadband continuum generation in the visible.

Abstract translation: 适当设计的光波导呈现反常（正的）色散在可见光和近红外波长的连续，并且在一个实施例中，纤维具有在可见波长（例如，约760nm）零色散。 优选地，所述零色散点在VIS-NIR波长，其中正常（负）的材料色散相对较高并且在芯和包层之间的有效折射率差发生足够大做了反常（正的）波导色散补偿 正常材料色散。 说明性地，该光波导是微结构化的光纤，其包括通过在内部包层包围的固体二氧化硅芯包括没有的毛细管空气的多个通孔并允许折射率波导的核心内。 由空气孔，通常圆的横截面所形成的图案可以采用多种几何构造，检查作为紧密堆积六边形或三角形。 可替代地，空气孔的横截面可以形成两个配合，基本上在芯一左一右半圆形区域也被一对径向网状物支撑。 由于结构化纤维与小有效面积核相结合的微的新颖色散特性的结果，我们已实例阐述了本发明的几个应用程序，标准单模光纤的在现有技术中，已经有可能仅在波长大于约1300 纳米，包括脉冲压缩，亮孤子传播，基本模式到模式从根本上二次谐波生成，和宽带连续谱产生在可见。

公开(公告)号：EP0989425B1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-23

申请号：EP99307247.9

申请日：1999-09-14

Applicant: Lucent Technologies Inc.

Inventor： Espindola, Rolando Patricio ,  Wagener, Jefferson Lynn ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/26 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2203/48

公开(公告)号：EP1148360A3

公开(公告)日：2004-06-23

申请号：EP01301432.9

申请日：2001-02-19

Applicant: LUCENT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Inventor： Ranka, Jinendra Kumar ,  Reed, William Alfred ,  Windeler, Robert Scott

IPC: G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/02366 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/02266 ,  G02B6/29377

Abstract: A fiber optic system comprises an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and an optical fiber transmission path that optically couples the transmitter and the receiver to one another. The transmission path includes a first section that has negative dispersion at an operating wavelength λ o greater than about 1300 nm and a second section that includes a MOF. The MOF has relatively large anomalous dispersion at λ o and is sufficiently long to compensate the accumulated negative dispersion in the first section. In one embodiment the MOF comprises a core, a lower index cladding that includes one or more layers of air holes surrounding the core, characterized in that the diameter of the core is less than about 8 µm and the difference in effective refractive index between the core and cladding is greater than about 0.1 (10%). Preferably, the cladding contains no more than 2 layers of air holes and the distance between the nearest edges of adjacent air holes is less than about 1 µm.