Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for deep-drawing a tray (1) from fiber-based sheet material (2), such as polymer coated board. The apparatus comprises a female moulding tool (3), which comprises a cavity (7) for forming the tray bottom outwardly, a male moulding tool (4), which comprises a plunger plate (11) for forming the tray bottom inwardly, the plunger plate being movable with respect to the cavity for forming the tray, and clamps (6, 15) with an interface for holding the sheet material and forming a tray rim flange. According to the invention by laterally distancing at least one of the moulding tools (3, 4) from the sheet material leeway is provided for free forming of the tray side walls while wrinkling or tearing of the same is avoided. Spacer plates (13) may be positioned behind the plunger plate (11), to adjust its position in relation to the cavity (7) of the female moulding tool (3). The cavity may have a separate bottom plate (8) and spacer plates (9) there below, or screw means may be provided for adjusting the distance of the bottom of the cavity from the clamp interface and thereby varying the depth of the tray.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for deep-drawing a tray (1) from a blank of sheet material (2). The blank is provided with score lines, which determine the location of wrinkles formed in the process. The apparatus comprises a female moulding tool (3), which comprises a cavity (7) for forming the tray bot-tom outwardly, a male moulding tool (4), which comprises a plunger (11) for form-ing the tray bottom inwardly, the plunger being movable with respect to the cavity for forming the tray, and clamps (6, 15) with an interface for holding the sheet ma-terial and forming a tray rim flange. According to the invention by laterally distanc-ing at least one of the moulding tools (3, 4) from the sheet material leeway is pro-vided for free forming so that wrinkling of the tray side walls is achieved in a con-trolled manner. Spacer plates (13) may be positioned behind the plunger (11), to adjust its position in relation to the cavity (7) of the female moulding tool (3). The cavity may have a separate bottom plate (8) and spacer plates (9) therebelow, or screw means may be provided for adjusting the distance of the bottom of the cavi-ty from the clamp interface and thereby varying the depth of the tray.
Abstract:
Un método de embutición en profundidad de una bandeja (1) a partir de un material de lámina a base de fibra (2), que comprende las etapas de: (i) llevar el material de lámina entre una herramienta de moldeo hembra (3), que comprende una cavidad (7) para formar el fondo de bandeja hacia fuera, y una herramienta de moldeo macho (4), que comprende una placa de pistón (11) para formar el fondo de bandeja hacia dentro, (ii) sujetar el material de lámina a lo largo de la circunferencia de las herramientas de moldeo hembra y macho (3, 4) mediante un medio de sujeción (5), para retener el material (2) durante la etapa de embutición en profundidad, (iii) mover la placa de pistón (11) con respecto a la cavidad (7) para formar la bandeja, estando el método caracterizado por que las herramientas de moldeo (3, 4) se disponen para que entre la cavidad inferior y la interfaz de sujeción de la herramienta de moldeo macho se distancie lateralmente desde el material de lámina, para evitar que las superficies de la herramienta macho se conviertan en un ajuste preciso con el material de lámina y dejar espacio abierto libre dentro de la pared lateral de la bandeja que se forma, permitiendo de este modo la formación libre de paredes laterales sin arrugas de la bandeja de embutición de profundidad.
Abstract:
Método para tratar madera modificada térmicamente que ha sido sometida a un tratamiento térmico a una temperatura superior a 100 ºC, caracterizado por que en la madera modificada térmicamente se aplica un agente protector basado en resina líquida que se seca y/o cura, de modo que se obtiene una superficie protectora transparente hecha de plástico termoendurecible para la madera.
Abstract:
The invention relates to treatment of thermally modified wood. Thermal modification means controlled heating treatment of wood most appropriately under moist atmosphere so as to improve the dimensional stability and decay resistance of the wood. In accordance with the invention, the water absorption tendency of themally modified wood is reduced by treating the wood with a hydrophobic sizing agent reactive with cellulose, the treatment resulting in water-repellent wood. The wood can be treated with a solution containing a sizing agent, and then the solvent is evaporated by drying. Suitable sizing agents comprise alkyl ketene dimers (AKD) and alkenyl succinic acid anhydrides (ASA) dissolved in acetone, for instance. When ASA is used, the dried wood impregnated with the sizing agent requires an additional heating treatment in order to become hydrophobic.