Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of deoxygenating tall oil pitch, yielding aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The invention even comprises turning the aliphates into polymerizable olefins by steam cracking, and turning the aromates into polymerizable terephthalic acid by oxygenation and, as necessary, rearrangement. The monomers can be used for the production of polymers of partially or completely biologic origin. According to the invention, tall oil pitch is first heated to turn it into liquid, which is then fed into a catalyst bed and catalytically deoxygenated with hydrogen. The deoxygenation catalyst is preferably a Ni—Mo catalyst and, in addition, a cracking catalyst can be used, such as an acidic zeolite catalyst. The deoxygenated product stream is cooled down so as to obtain a liquid, which is distilled for separation of the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons for use in the production of the respective monomers and finally polymers.
Abstract:
A paper roll core, which includes a tag and wherein the tag is a tag which is radio-readable and includes a flexible element. The core has its end face provided with a recess with a bottom and a wall, in which the tag is fitted in an at least partially coiled configuration. For example, the tag can be glued in the recess. Alternatively or additionally, the tag can be retained substantially stationary by a springback force evolved as a result of coiling the flexible element, bracing the flexible element against a wall and/or a bottom included in the recess.
Abstract:
Method for producing a sterilized foam web, wherein the method comprising the steps of preparing a wet foam (1),feeding the wet foam (1) to a head box (2, 11),distributing the wet foam by the head box (2, 11),treating the wet foam (1) with electron beam radiation (3a, 3b, 3c) to immobilize and sterilize the wet foam (1),receiving the electron beam treated foam on a moving wire (4) to form a foam web (6, 13), pressing and the foam web (6, 13),and drying the foam web (6, 13).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for producing at least one ply of a paper or paperboard product which process comprises the steps of; subjecting cellulosic fibers to heat treatment wherein the fibers are treated at a high dry content and at an increased temperature, preparing a slurry comprising said heat treated fibers, forming a web of said slurry and, dewatering said web whereby a ply of said product is formed. The present invention further relates to a paper or paperboard product produced according to the process.
Abstract:
A deep-drawn paper tray made of paper material, a method and an apparatus for manufacturing the tray, and a closed product package comprising the tray. The tray having a bottom and upwardly expanding side walls around the bottom, the side walls of the tray being shaped to expand through a plurality of circumferential steps dimensioned low enough for obtaining wrinkle-free side walls for the tray. The outermost step is a flat, wrinkle-free rim flange, which enables liquid and gas proof heat-sealing of a lid to form the package. The apparatus may comprise upper and lower moulding tools with concentric movable frames for forming the tray bottom and side wall steps from paper blanks, and moulding tools may be mounted onto a rotating turret carrying a paper blank through working stations arranged along the turret circumference, to shape the tray bottom and the side wall steps at the consecutive stations.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to determination of the microorganism content in material comprising cellulose within the pulp and paper industry. The material comprising cellulose is enzymatically pretreated and microorganisms are determined using PCR based technology.
Abstract:
The invention relates to use of polylactide (PLA) as an extruded polymer coating on paper or board intended for the production of containers and packages, which are heated in a stove or microwave oven. According to the invention a polyfunctional cross-linking agent, such as trialkyl isocyanureate (TAIC), is blended with PLA, and the extruded coating layer is subjected to cross-linking electron beam (EB) radiation. PLA may be used as such or blended with another biodegradable polyester such as polybutylene succinate (PBS). EB radiation has been found to improve adhesion of the coating to the paper or board substrate, heat-scalability of the coating, and heat-resistance of the finished containers and packages.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for deep-drawing a tray (1) from fiber-based sheet material (2), such as polymer coated board. The apparatus comprises a female moulding tool (3), which comprises a cavity (7) for forming the tray bottom outwardly, a male moulding tool (4), which comprises a plunger plate (11) for forming the tray bottom inwardly, the plunger plate being movable with respect to the cavity for forming the tray, and clamps (6, 15) with an interface for holding the sheet material and forming a tray rim flange. According to the invention by laterally distancing at least one of the moulding tools (3, 4) from the sheet material leeway is provided for free forming of the tray side walls while wrinkling or tearing of the same is avoided. Spacer plates (13) may be positioned behind the plunger plate (11), to adjust its position in relation to the cavity (7) of the female moulding tool (3). The cavity may have a separate bottom plate (8) and spacer plates (9) there below, or screw means may be provided for adjusting the distance of the bottom of the cavity from the clamp interface and thereby varying the depth of the tray.