公开(公告)号：US20070221634A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-27

申请号：US10593605

申请日：2005-03-17

Applicant: Geoffrey Condick

Inventor： Geoffrey Condick

IPC: H05H1/30 ,  H01J49/36

CPC classification number: G01N21/73 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  H05H1/30

Abstract: A spectrometer is disclosed which comprises a plasma torch and an induction coil for generating a normal plasma within the torch. The torch has an outer tube and an inner tube. If the plasma collapses from a normal plasma state to a toroidal or faulty plasma shape, a photodiode detects the change in shape so that the plasma torch can be shut down to prevent the plasma shape from melting the tube of the torch.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光谱仪，其包括等离子体焰炬和用于在割炬内产生正常等离子体的感应线圈。 手电筒有一个外管和一个内管。 如果等离子体从正常等离子体状态塌陷到环形或有缺陷的等离子体形状，则光电二极管检测形状的变化，从而可以关闭等离子体焰炬以防止等离子体形状熔化焊炬的管。

公开(公告)号：US20050089260A1

公开(公告)日：2005-04-28

申请号：US10693519

申请日：2003-10-27

Applicant: Shelly Mechery ,  Jagdish Singh

Inventor： Shelly Mechery ,  Jagdish Singh

IPC: C03B19/12 ,  C03C1/00 ,  C03C11/00 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/00 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/783 ,  C03B19/12 ,  C03C1/006 ,  C03C11/00 ,  G01N31/22 ,  G01N33/0037 ,  G01N2021/772 ,  G01N2021/7773 ,  G01N2201/08 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/4298 ,  Y02A50/245 ,  Y10T436/177692

Abstract: A sensing element, a method of making a sensing element, and a fiber optic sensor incorporating the sensing element are described. The sensor can be used for the quantitative detection of NO2 in a mixture of gases. The sensing element can be made by incorporating a diazotizing reagent which reacts with nitrous ions to produce a diazo compound and a coupling reagent which couples with the diazo compound to produce an azo dye into a sol and allowing the sol to form an optically transparent gel. The sensing element changes color in the presence of NO2 gas. The temporal response of the absorption spectrum at various NO2 concentrations has also been recorded and analyzed. Sensors having different design configurations are described. The sensing element can detect NO2 gas at levels of parts per billion.

Abstract translation: 描述了感测元件，制造感测元件的方法和结合有感测元件的光纤传感器。 传感器可用于气体混合物中NO 2的定量检测。 感测元件可以通过掺入与氮亚离子反应产生重氮化合物的重氮化试剂和与重氮化合物偶联以产生偶氮染料成溶胶并使溶胶形成光学透明凝胶的偶联试剂来制备。 感测元件在NO 2气体存在下改变颜色。 还记录和分析了各种NO 2 2浓度下的吸收光谱的时间响应。 描述具有不同设计构造的传感器。 感测元件可以以十亿分之几的水平检测NO 2气体。

公开(公告)号：US20040105001A1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-03

申请号：US10331050

申请日：2002-12-27

Applicant: OG TECHNOLOGIES, INC., a MICHIGAN CORPORATION,

Inventor： Tzyy-Shuh Chang ,  Daniel Gutchess ,  Hsun-Hau Huang

IPC: H04N007/18 ,  H04N009/47

CPC classification number: H04N7/18 ,  G01N21/952 ,  G01N2201/0826 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: The present invention is directed to solving the problems associated with the detection of surface defects on metal bars as well as the problems associated with applying metal flat inspection systems to metal bars for non-destructive surface defects detection. A specially designed imaging system, which is comprised of a computing unit, line lights and high data rate line scan cameras, is developed for the aforementioned purpose. The target application is the metal bars (1) that have a circumference/cross-section-area ratio equal to or smaller than 4.25 when the cross section area is unity for the given shape, (2) whose cross-sections are round, oval, or in the shape of a polygon, and (3) are manufactured by mechanically cross-section reduction processes. The said metal can be steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, bronze, titanium, nickel, and so forth, and/or their alloys. The said metal bars can be at the temperature when they are being manufactured.

Abstract translation: 本发明旨在解决与检测金属棒表面缺陷相关的问题以及将金属平面检查系统应用于金属棒以用于非破坏性表面缺陷检测相关的问题。 为了上述目的开发了一种专门设计的成像系统，由计算单元，线路灯和高数据速率线扫描摄像机组成。 目标应用是当给定形状的横截面积为1时，具有等于或小于4.25的圆周/横截面积比的金属棒（1），（2）横截面为圆形，椭圆形 ，或多边形的形状，（3）通过机械截面缩小工艺制造。 所述金属可以是钢，不锈钢，铝，铜，青铜，钛，镍等，和/或它们的合金。 所述金属棒可以处于制造时的温度。

公开(公告)号：US5889587A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-30

申请号：US117242

申请日：1993-09-03

Applicant: Arthur P. D'Silva ,  Edward J. Jaselskis

Inventor： Arthur P. D'Silva ,  Edward J. Jaselskis

IPC: E21B7/15 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/02 ,  G01N1/22 ,  G01N21/01 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01J3/30

CPC classification number: E21B7/15 ,  E21B49/005 ,  E21B49/02 ,  G01N1/2202 ,  G01N21/73 ,  G01N2001/2223 ,  G01N2021/0118 ,  G01N2201/0216 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: A system for sampling and analyzing a material located at a hazardous site. A laser located remote from the hazardous site is connected to an optical fiber, which directs laser radiation proximate the material at the hazardous site. The laser radiation abates a sample of the material. An inductively coupled plasma is located remotely from the material. An aerosol transport system carries the ablated particles to a plasma, where they are dissociated, atomized and excited to provide characteristic optical reduction of the elemental constituents of the sample. An optical spectrometer is located remotely from the site. A second optical fiber is connected to the optical spectrometer at one end and the plasma source at the other end to carry the optical radiation from the plasma source to the spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 用于对位于危险场所的材料进行采样和分析的系统。 位于远离危险场所的激光器连接到光纤，其将激光辐射引导到危险场所处的材料附近。 激光辐射消除了材料的样品。 电感耦合等离子体远离材料定位。 气溶胶输送系统将烧蚀的颗粒携带到等离子体，在那里它们被离解，雾化和激发，以提供样品的元素成分的特征光学还原。 光谱仪远离现场。 第二光纤在一端连接到光谱仪，另一端连接等离子体源，以将来自等离子体源的光辐射传送到光谱仪。

公开(公告)号：US5526451A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-11

申请号：US324560

申请日：1994-10-18

Applicant: Jerry E. Cahill ,  David H. Tracy

Inventor： Jerry E. Cahill ,  David H. Tracy

IPC: G01N21/25 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/36 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G01J1/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/3604 ,  G01N21/253 ,  G01N2201/0407 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/4214

Abstract: In a spectrophotometer, each of a plurality of source optical fibers is selectively receptive of source radiation and carries the radiation to a corresponding selected liquid sample cell. A corresponding return optical fiber returns transmitted radiation from the sample to a polychromator. For selecting a sample, a switching member holds exposed ends of the optical fibers on a circle coaxial with an axle for rotating to selected positions. Respective optical trains in the instrument direct radiation into and out of the selected pair of fibers. The diameter of a source aperture, the spacing of the aperture from the radiation source, and the source area define a source etendue. The optical fibers have a fiber etendue substantially the same as the source etendue.

公开(公告)号：US5229841A

公开(公告)日：1993-07-20

申请号：US727730

申请日：1991-07-10

Applicant: Michael G. Taranowski ,  David L. McClanahan

Inventor： Michael G. Taranowski ,  David L. McClanahan

IPC: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01J3/501 ,  G01J3/524 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: A device (1) for photoelectrically sensing the color of an object (18) includes a plurality of light emitting diodes (4, 6, 8) emitting light in a narrow range of wavelengths and where the light is transmitted through a corresponding fiber optic bundle (10, 12, 14) with a diameter in proportion to the transmission loss of the bundle and in inverse proportion to the emitted light energy of the corresponding light emitting diode and in proportion to the spectral response of a receiving photodiode (24). A receiving section (22) utilizes a PIN type photodiode (24) with an input section (40) that matches the shape of a receiving optical fiber bundle termination (42) where the photodiode (24) converts the reflected light from the object (18) into electrical signals which are then processed by a microprocessor (28) which also controls the activation of the light emitting diodes (4, 6, 8) and outputs a signal indicative of the color of the object (18).

公开(公告)号：US5206701A

公开(公告)日：1993-04-27

申请号：US764146

申请日：1991-09-20

Applicant: James L. Taylor ,  Ronald L. Cutshall ,  Ernest H. Baughman

Inventor： James L. Taylor ,  Ronald L. Cutshall ,  Ernest H. Baughman

IPC: G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/25 ,  G01N21/27

CPC classification number: G01J3/08 ,  G01N21/255 ,  G01N2021/1751 ,  G01N21/276 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for obtaining spectral information and quantifying the physical properties of a sample. The apparatus comprises a light source and a high-efficiency fiber optic switch means communicating with the light source for directing the light alternatively along at least two channels, the two channels comprising at least one reference channel and at least one sample channel. A sample means communicates with the sample channel for providing an interface between the light and the sample. A fiber optic means comprising a high-efficiency fiber optic switch and/or an optical coupler communicates with the sample channels and the reference channels and directs the light alternatively from the reference and sample channels to a mode scrambler. A wavelength discrimination device separates the light from the mode scrambler into component wavelengths and provides spectral information for the determination of the physical properties of the sample. The apparatus of the present invention provides superior chemometric prediction accuracy, is reliable, durable, and stable over time, and provides outstanding performance in a manufacturing or field environment.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于获得光谱信息并量化样品的物理性质的装置。 该装置包括光源和与光源通信的高效光纤开关装置，用于沿至少两个通道交替引导光，该两个通道包括至少一个参考通道和至少一个采样通道。 样品装置与样品通道通信，以提供光和样品之间的界面。 包括高效光纤开关和/或光耦合器的光纤装置与采样通道和参考通道通信，并将光从参考和采样通道交替引导到模式扰频器。 波长识别装置将来自模式扰频器的光分离成分量波长，并提供用于确定样品的物理性质的光谱信息。 本发明的装置提供优异的化学计量预测精度，可靠，耐用，且随时间稳定，并且在制造或现场环境中提供优异的性能。

公开(公告)号：US5112127A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-12

申请号：US442235

申请日：1989-11-28

Applicant: Michael M. Carrabba ,  R. David Rauh

Inventor： Michael M. Carrabba ,  R. David Rauh

IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01N21/65 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/658 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: A fiber-optic probe which is useful for measuring Raman spectra of samples remote from the light source and detector. The probe head contains optical components which selectively remove unwanted fluorescence and Raman scattering arising from the interaction between the Raman excitation source radiation and the input optical fiber. The optics also filter the Raman excitation source into a return optical fiber leading to a spectrometer or detector. In one embodiment, the disposition of optical components provides a compact probe geometry with parallel input and output fibers at one end and a sampling port at the other end. An encasement for the optics is also disclosed, for sealing the components against the environment, and for coupling the probe to specialized sampling attachments, such as for conducting Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy.

Abstract translation: 一种光纤探头，可用于测量远离光源和检测器的样品的拉曼光谱。 探头包含选择性地去除由拉曼激发源辐射和输入光纤之间的相互作用产生的不需要的荧光和拉曼散射的光学部件。 光学器件还将拉曼激发源滤波成通向光谱仪或检测器的返回光纤。 在一个实施例中，光学部件的配置提供了在一端具有并行输入和输出光纤以及在另一端的采样端口的紧凑的探针几何形状。 还公开了用于光学器件的封装，用于将部件与环境密封，以及将探针耦合到专门的采样附件，例如用于进行表面增强拉曼光谱。

公开(公告)号：US5084614A

公开(公告)日：1992-01-28

申请号：US586239

申请日：1990-09-21

Applicant: Lawrence S. Berkner

Inventor： Lawrence S. Berkner

IPC: G01N15/00 ,  G01N15/02 ,  G01N15/14 ,  G01N21/85

CPC classification number: G01N15/1456 ,  G01N15/1436 ,  G01N2015/0046 ,  G01N2015/0238 ,  G01N21/8507 ,  G01N2201/084

Abstract: An instrument for detecting single airborne particles, and measuring their concentration, includes a transmitting optical fiber optically connected to a light source at one end, and a collecting optical fiber connected to a photodiode at one of its ends. The respective opposite ends of the optical fibers are potted into a rigid probe head with their exposed ends polished smooth and flat, facing each other and separated by an air gap of about one-tenth of an inch. At least some of the light from the source crosses the gap between the optical fibers and reaches the detector, such portion of the light defining a particle sensing volume. Particles passing through this volume are detected by optical extinction as they reduce the amount of light reaching the detector. The device has simple optics, requiring no lenses or mirrors. The transmitting and collecting fibers, and the air gap, form a well defined and repeatable sensing volume so that individual devie calibration is not required. The probe is small and rugged, allowing it to be inserted directly in a fluid flow for in-situ measurements even in hostile environments. Associated signal processing electronics account for fluid stream velocity, so that the device measures true aerosol concentration in a fluid stream, regardless of changes in the stream velocity. The particle size threshold in the electronics is a percentage of the light to the detector which allows to remain in calibration when the amount of light through the probe changes.

Abstract translation: 用于检测单个空气中的颗粒并测量它们的浓度的仪器包括在一端光连接到光源的发射光纤和在其一端连接到光电二极管的聚光光纤。 将光纤的相应两端封装成刚性探针头，其暴露的端部抛光光滑且平坦，彼此面对并分开约十分之一英寸的气隙。 来自源的至少一些光穿过光纤之间的间隙并到达检测器，这样的部分光限定了颗粒感测体积。 通过该体积的颗粒通过光学消光来检测，因为它们减少了到达检测器的光量。 该设备具有简单的光学元件，不需要镜头或镜子。 传输和收集光纤以及气隙形成了良好定义和可重复的传感量，从而不需要进行单独的测距。 探头小巧坚固，允许将其直接插入流体流中，即使在恶劣环境中进行现场测量。 相关的信号处理电子学解释流体流速度，使得该装置测量流体流中的真实气溶胶浓度，而不管流速度的变化。 电子元件中的粒子尺寸阈值是对检测器的光的百分比，当通过探针的光量变化时，允许保持校准。

公开(公告)号：US5039491A

公开(公告)日：1991-08-13

申请号：US303444

申请日：1989-01-27

Applicant: Elric W. Saaski ,  David A. McCrae ,  Dale M. Lawrence

Inventor： Elric W. Saaski ,  David A. McCrae ,  Dale M. Lawrence

IPC: G01N21/03 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/78 ,  G01N21/80

CPC classification number: G01N21/77 ,  G01N21/783 ,  G01N2021/0314 ,  G01N2021/0385 ,  G01N2021/3144 ,  G01N21/80 ,  G01N2201/0231 ,  G01N2201/062 ,  G01N2201/0621 ,  G01N2201/084 ,  Y10T436/207497 ,  Y10T436/209163

Abstract: An oxygen sensor contains an indicator whose change in absorption is a function of the concentration of oxygen in a sample bathing the indicator. Light transmitted and reflected through the indicator of the sensor undergoes an absorption that is characteristic of the concentration of oxygen. The indicator is a viologen whose absorption returns to a steady-state value after it has been subjected to a pulse of short-wavelength light. The rate at which the absorption returns to the steady-state value is a function of the concentration of oxygen bathing the viologen indicator. A measurement system for use with the pO.sub.2 sensor causes a short-wavelength flash to be sent to the sensor and thereafter monitors the time-varying absorption of the sensor to measure the oxygen content of the sample bathing the viologen indicator.

Abstract translation: 氧传感器包含指示器，其指示器的吸收变化是洗涤指示剂的样品中的氧浓度的函数。 通过传感器的指示器透射和反射的光经受氧浓度特征的吸收。 指示器是经过短波长光脉冲后其吸收回到稳态值的紫精。 吸收回到稳定状态值的速率是沐浴viologen指示剂的氧气浓度的函数。 与pO2传感器一起使用的测量系统使得将短波长闪光发送到传感器，然后监测传感器的随时间变化的吸收，以测量洗涤紫罗兰指示剂的样品的氧含量。