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    Microspherical catalysts
    131.
    发明授权
    Microspherical catalysts 失效
    微球形催化剂

    公开(公告)号：US4548912A

    公开(公告)日：1985-10-22

    申请号：US494609

    申请日：1983-05-16

    Applicant: William P. Hettinger ,  H. Wayne Beck

    Inventor： William P. Hettinger ,  H. Wayne Beck

    IPC: B01J29/08 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C10G11/05 ,  B01J21/16 ,  B01J29/06

    CPC classification number: C10G11/05 ,  B01J29/084 ,  B01J29/088 ,  B01J35/08

    Abstract: A catalyst which is a hollow microsphere comprising an outer shell in which there are feeder pores and an active ingredient arranged within the shell. The microsphere has a diameter ranging from 20 to 120 microns and the shell has a thickness ranging from 0.1 to 20.0 microns. The active ingredient fills 1.0% to 100% of the void space within the microsphere.

    Abstract translation: 一种中空微球的催化剂，其包含外壳，其中存在进料孔，活性成分布置在壳内。 微球的直径范围为20至120微米，壳的厚度范围为0.1至20.0微米。 活性成分填充微球内1.0％至100％的空隙空间。

    Manufacture of spherical alumina from gibbsite
    133.
    发明授权
    Manufacture of spherical alumina from gibbsite 失效
    从三水铝矿制造球形氧化铝

    公开(公告)号：US4309312A

    公开(公告)日：1982-01-05

    申请号：US86193

    申请日：1979-10-18

    Applicant: Shizuo Takumi ,  Toshio Hashimoto ,  Masaru Tatsushima

    Inventor： Shizuo Takumi ,  Toshio Hashimoto ,  Masaru Tatsushima

    IPC: B01J2/08 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01F7/22 ,  C01F7/46 ,  C04B35/10 ,  B01J37/00 ,  B01J21/04

    CPC classification number: B01J35/08 ,  B01J2/08 ,  C01F7/02 ,  C01F7/22 ,  C04B35/10 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2004/61 ,  C01P2006/11 ,  C01P2006/12

    Abstract: A method of manufacturing spherical alumina comprising preparing a basic aluminum chloride solution having an aluminum concentration in the range of from 7 wt.% to 12 wt.% and a weight ratio of aluminum to chloride in the range of from 0.3 to 0.8 by reacting gibbsite with an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution at an elevated temperature, preparing an alumina hydrosol having an aluminum concentration in the range of from 9 wt.% to 15 wt.% and a weight ratio of aluminum to chloride in the range of from 0.8 to 1.5 by reacting the thus prepared solution with metallic aluminum at an elevated temperature, commingling this hydrosol with a gelling agent, dispersing the resulting mixture in the form of droplets in a suspending medium thereby to form hydrogel particles, ageing the thus obtained particles in said suspending medium and then an aqueous ammonia, washing with water, drying and calcining. The thus obtained spherical alumina is substantially free from sodium in spite of employing gibbsite as raw material.

    Abstract translation: 一种球形氧化铝的制造方法，其特征在于，通过将三水铝矿反应来制备铝浓度为7〜12重量％，铝与氯化物的重量比为0.3〜0.8的碱性氯化铝溶液 在高温下用盐酸水溶液制备铝浓度为9重量％至15重量％，铝与氯化物的重量比在0.8至1.5之间的氧化铝水溶胶，通过 将如此制备的溶液与金属铝在升高的温度下反应，将该水溶胶与胶凝剂混合，将所得混合物以液滴的形式分散在悬浮介质中，从而形成水凝胶颗粒，将所得悬浮介质中的所得颗粒老化，以及 然后加氨水，用水洗涤，干燥并煅烧。 由此获得的球形氧化铝基本上不含钠，尽管以三水铝矿为原料。

    Centrifuge apparatus and method for producing hollow microspheres
    134.
    发明授权
    Centrifuge apparatus and method for producing hollow microspheres 失效
    离心机及其制造方法

    公开(公告)号：US4303433A

    公开(公告)日：1981-12-01

    申请号：US179158

    申请日：1980-08-18

    Applicant: Leonard B. Torobin

    Inventor： Leonard B. Torobin

    IPC: B01J13/04 ,  B01J13/22 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B29C49/00 ,  B29C49/46 ,  C03B19/10 ,  C03C17/09 ,  C04B14/24 ,  C04B20/10 ,  F16L59/065 ,  F16L59/08 ,  F24J2/50 ,  C03C25/02

    CPC classification number: F24J2/506 ,  B01J13/04 ,  B01J13/22 ,  B01J20/28 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B29C49/0042 ,  B29C49/46 ,  B29C70/58 ,  C03B19/1075 ,  C03C17/09 ,  C04B14/24 ,  C04B20/1055 ,  F16L59/065 ,  F16L59/08 ,  B22F2009/088 ,  B29C2049/4605 ,  B29C2049/4647 ,  B29C2049/465 ,  B29C2049/4655 ,  B29C2049/4664 ,  B29K2105/165 ,  C03B2203/16 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y10S376/916 ,  Y10S425/217

    Abstract: The hollow glass vacuum microspheres are made by forming a liquid film of molten glass across the coaxial blowing nozzles, applying the metal vapor blowing gas at a positive pressure on the inner surface of the glass film to blow the film which combines with the centrifugal force to form an elongated cylinder shaped liquid film of molten glass. A transverse jet is used to direct the inert entraining fluid over and around the blowing nozzle at an angle to the axis of the blowing nozzle. The entraining fluid as it passes over and around the blowing nozzle fluid dynmically induces a pulsating or fluctuating pressure field at the opposite or lee side of the blowing nozzle in the wake or shadow of the coaxial blowing nozzle. The continued movement of the entraining fluid over the elongated cylinder produces asymmetric fluid drag forces on the cylinder and closes and detaches the elongated cylinder from the coaxial blowing nozzle and the detached cylinder by the action of surface tension forms into a spherical shape.Quench nozzles are disposed radially away from the rotor and direct cooling fluid downwardly at and into contact with the hollow glass amicrospheres to rapidly cool and solidify the molten glass to form a hard, smooth hollow glass microsphere and where metal vapor blowing gas is used to cool and condense the metal vapor and to deposit the metal vapor on the inner wall surface of the microsphere as a thin metal coating.

    Abstract translation: 中空玻璃真空微球是通过在同轴吹制喷嘴上形成熔融玻璃液膜而制成的，将金属蒸气吹出气体以正压施加在玻璃膜的内表面上，以将与离心力结合的膜吹向 形成细长的圆筒形熔融玻璃液体膜。 使用横向射流将惰性夹带流体引导到喷嘴的上方和周围，与喷嘴的轴线成一定角度。 夹带流体在吹扫喷嘴流体周围流动时，会在同轴吹风喷嘴的尾流或阴影中在吹塑喷嘴的相对或左侧产生脉动或波动的压力场。 夹带流体在细长圆柱体上的持续移动在圆柱体上产生不对称的流体阻力，并通过表面张力形式将细长圆柱体从同轴的喷嘴和脱离的圆柱体分离成球形。 淬火喷嘴沿径向远离转子并直接冷却流体向下并与中空玻璃微球接触，以快速冷却和固化熔融玻璃，形成硬质光滑的中空玻璃微球，并使用金属蒸汽吹入气体冷却 并且将金属蒸气冷凝并将金属蒸气沉积在微球的内壁表面上作为薄金属涂层。

    Production of spheroidal alumina shaped articles
    135.
    发明授权
    Production of spheroidal alumina shaped articles 失效
    生产球状氧化铝成型制品

    公开(公告)号：US4273735A

    公开(公告)日：1981-06-16

    申请号：US70866

    申请日：1979-08-29

    Applicant: Roland Jacques ,  Regis Poisson

    Inventor： Roland Jacques ,  Regis Poisson

    IPC: B01J2/08 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C01F7/02 ,  B01J37/02

    CPC classification number: C01F7/02 ,  B01J2/08 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C01P2004/32 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/14 ,  C01P2006/16 ,  C01P2006/21 ,  Y10S502/511

    Abstract: Spheroidal alumina shaped articles are prepared by dispersing an ungelled admixture of an alumina sol and hexamethylenetetramine, in the form of droplets, into a liquid forming medium which is but very slightly miscible with water, said medium being at a temperature of between about 50.degree. and 105.degree. C., next aging the alumina spheres thus shaped at a temperature greater than about 105.degree. C. at superatmospheric pressure, then secondarily aging said alumina spheres in a basic medium, and thence washing, drying and calcining said aged alumina spheres.The resultant shaped articles are useful, e.g., catalysts or catalyst carriers/supports.

    Abstract translation: 球形氧化铝成形制品通过将水溶液形式的氧化铝溶胶和六亚甲基四胺的未凝胶化的混合物分散在液体形成介质中而制备，该液体形成介质与水非常轻微地混溶，所述介质的温度在约50℃和 接着老化氧化铝球，在超大气压下在大于约105℃的温度下成形，然后在碱性介质中二次老化所述氧化铝球，然后洗涤，干燥和煅烧所述老化的氧化铝球体。 得到的成形制品是有用的，例如催化剂或催化剂载体/载体。

    Stable aluminosilicate aquasols having uniform size particles and their preparation
    136.
    发明授权
    Stable aluminosilicate aquasols having uniform size particles and their preparation 失效
    稳定的硅铝酸盐水溶胶具有均匀的颗粒尺寸及其制备方法

    公开(公告)号：US4217240A

    公开(公告)日：1980-08-12

    申请号：US861397

    申请日：1977-12-16

    Applicant: Horacio E. Bergna

    Inventor： Horacio E. Bergna

    IPC: B01J13/02 ,  B01J21/12 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J13/00

    CPC classification number: C01B33/42 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B01J21/12 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B01J37/0221 ,  C01B33/26 ,  C01B33/40 ,  C01B33/46

    Abstract: An amorphous aluminosilicate sol with uniform size particles is prepared by a process comprising (1) preparing a sol of discrete colloidal particles of uniform size, the surface of which consists of a coating of an aluminosilicate by separately and simultaneously adding a silica sol or an alkali metal silicate solution and an alkali metal aluminate solution to a heel sol of uniform-sized colloidal particles of aluminosilicate, silica or refractory metal oxide(s) at a certain rate of addition at constant pH of 9 to 12 and T of 50.degree. to 100.degree. C. to deposit or coat aluminosilicate onto surface of heel sol particles, (2) ion exchanging the alkali metal ions of the sol from (1) for ammonium ions, and (3) filtering the sol from (2) to remove the cation exchange resin and optionally concentrating the sol to a solids content of up to 60% by weight.

    Abstract translation: 通过以下方法制备具有均匀粒度的无定形硅铝酸盐溶胶，该方法包括：（1）制备均匀尺寸的离散胶体颗粒的溶胶，其表面由硅铝酸盐涂层分开并同时加入二氧化硅溶胶或碱 金属硅酸盐溶液和碱金属铝酸盐溶液，以一定的加入速率在一定的加入量为9-12的T和50至100℃的T的均匀大小的硅铝酸盐，二氧化硅或难熔金属氧化物的胶体颗粒的鞋底溶胶 将铝硅酸盐沉积或涂覆在后端溶胶颗粒的表面上，（2）将（1）的溶胶的碱金属离子离子交换为铵离子，和（3）从（2）过滤溶胶以除去阳离子 交换树脂，并任选地将溶胶浓缩至高达60重量％的固体含量。

    Method and apparatus for carrying out hydrogenation reactions
    137.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for carrying out hydrogenation reactions 失效
    进行氢化反应的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US4102778A

    公开(公告)日：1978-07-25

    申请号：US675342

    申请日：1976-04-09

    Applicant: John A. Ruether

    Inventor： John A. Ruether

    IPC: B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J35/08 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G23/02 ,  C10G23/16

    CPC classification number: B01J8/02 ,  B01J35/08 ,  B01J8/06 ,  C10G49/00 ,  B01J2208/00079 ,  B01J2208/0015 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/0061

    Abstract: This invention comprises a method of achieving a highly efficient use of catalyst in conducting hydrogenation reactions of hydrocarbons in the liquid state by means of solid catalysts. The catalyst is wholly contained in a microporous layer no thicker than 200 microns deposited on the outside surface of otherwise inert support particles. The catalyst particles, of the order of 10 mm diameter, are contained in a fixed, vertical, packed bed, and are brought into contact with the liquid hydrocarbon and hydrogen by passing the two fluids in cocurrent flow, either upwards or downwards, through the bed at substantially greater gas velocities than are usually employed in fixed bed catalytic reactors used for hydrogenating hydrocarbons in the liquid state. The effect of the high gas velocity is to achieve substantially higher heat and mass transfer rates among the three phases (catalyst, liquid hydrocarbon, and gaseous hydrogen) than are achievable under conventional conditions of operation of fixed bed catalytic reactors used for hydrogenating hydrocarbons in the liquid state. The combined effects of the high gas velocity and the mode of deposition of the catalytically active components on the catalyst support, are the achievement of a large global reaction rate in the reactor, combined with a high internal effectiveness factor for the catalyst. For fast hydrogenation reactions, for which the invention is most advantageously employed, a comparable efficiency of catalyst utilization can at present be achieved only by using catalyst in the form of powder or granules so small as to preclude their use in a fixed bed reactor.

    Abstract translation: 本发明包括一种通过固体催化剂实现催化剂在液态烃的氢化反应中的高效利用的方法。 催化剂完全包含在沉积在其它惰性载体颗粒的外表面上的不厚于200微米的微孔层中。 大约10mm直径的催化剂颗粒被包含在固定的，垂直的填充床中，并且通过使两种流体以并流的方式向上或向下流过液态烃和氢，通过 床以比通常用于液化碳氢化合物的固定床催化反应器中通常使用的气体速度大得多。 高气体速度的作用是在三相（催化剂，液态烃和气态氢）之间实现显着更高的热和质量传递速率，而不是在用于氢化烃的固定床催化反应器的常规操作条件下实现的 液态。 催化活性组分的高气体速度和沉积模式对催化剂载体的组合效应是在反应器中实现大的全局反应速率，加上催化剂的高内部有效因子。 对于本发明最有利地使用的快速氢化反应，目前可以通过使用如此小的粉末或颗粒形式的催化剂来排除其在固定床反应器中的使用，实现了相当的催化剂利用效率。

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