Abstract:
Disclosed is an apparatus that includes an output unit having a photoelectric converting element, for producing a signal corresponding to light incident on the photoelectric converting element, a restricting unit for restricting a light receiving region of the photoelectric converting element to one of a first region and a second region, and a calculating unit for calculating a sensitivity of the first region, on the basis of an output signal related to the first region and obtainable through cooperation of the output unit and the restricting unit, and of an output signal related to the second region and obtainable through cooperation of the output unit and the restricting unit.
Abstract:
An apparatus for displaying the necessary suntan lotion and the skin care includes a UVA sensor and a UVB sensor respectively electrically connected to an operational amplifier that is electrically connected to a micro-processor for transmitting signal to the micro-processor. A UVA/UVB selector and a skin property selector are respectively electrically connected to the micro-processor for providing a calculating factor to the micro-processor. A series of LED is electrically connected to the micro-processor for showing the suggests from the micro-processor. A speaker is electrically connected to the micro-processor for reminding the user to select a suitable suntan lotion.
Abstract:
An apparatus and process for measuring light intensities includes the use of a probe. The probe is configured for monitoring a wavelength range from about 180 nanometers to about 270 nanometers (nm). The probe comprises a reflective and diffusive layer adapted for collecting light; a waveguide having one end in optical communication with the reflective and diffusive layer, wherein the waveguide has greater than about 50 percent transmission at wavelengths of about 180 nm to about 270 nm; a sensor probe in optical communication with the other end of the waveguide; and a filter intermediate to the waveguide and the sensor, wherein the filter is adapted to remove wavelengths greater than about 270 nm and has a percent transmission at wavelengths of about 180 nm to about 270 nm greater than about 50 percent.
Abstract:
A subject of the present invention is to achieve accurate measurement of an ultraviolet dose of a test region of a subject (patient) by a single measuring cycle, to provide a measuring tool not including any members requiring manual operations, to prevent an examiner from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and to improve safety. An optimum ultraviolet dose determining tool, for ultraviolet radiotherapy, is used to determine an optimum ultraviolet dose in advance. The optimum ultraviolet dose determining tool can be placed on the skin of a patient and is provided with an attenuation filter (1A, 1B or 1C) having a plurality of optical areas respectively having different, known ultraviolet-ray transmittances or reflectances.
Abstract:
The invention includes a method for collecting radiation. An electromechanical radiation collection device is disposed in a roll to collect radiation directed at the roll. The invention is also an apparatus comprising a roll having an outer surface. An electromechanical radiation collection device is disposed in the roll.
Abstract:
A wavemeter and method for measuring bandwidth for a high repetition rate gas discharge laser having an output laser bean comprising a pulsed output of greater than or equal to 15 mJ per pulse, sub-nanometer bandwidth tuning range pulses having a femptometer bandwidth precision and tens of femptometers bandwidth accuracy range, for measuring bandwidth on a pulse to pulse basis at pulse repetition rates of 4000 Hz and above, is disclosed which may comprise a focusing lens having a focal length; an optical interferometer creating an interference fringe pattern; an optical detection means positioned at the focal length from the focusing lens; and a bandwidth calculator calculating bandwidth from the position of interference fringes in the interference fringe pattern incident on the optical detection means, defining a DID and a DOD, the respective distances between a pair of first fringe borders and between a pair of second fringe borders in the interference pattern on an axis of the interference pattern, and according to the formula Δλ=λ0[DOD2−DID2]/[8f2−D02], where λ0 is an assumed constant wavelength and D0=(DOD−DID)/2, and f is the focal length. The optical detector may be a photodiode array. The wavemeter may have an optical interferometer having a slit function; the slit function and the focal length being selected to deliver to the optical detector the two innermost fringes of the optical interference ring pattern. The optical detector may comprise an array of pixels each having a height and width and the array having a total width; and an aperture at the optical input to the optical interferometer may selectively input to the optical interferometer a portion of a beam of light sufficient for the output of the etalon to illuminate the optical detector over the height of each respective pixel height and the total width. The optical interferometer may comprise an etalon having a slit function of 3 pm or less and a finesses of 25 or greater; and the focal length may be 1.5 meters. A second stage diffuser may be placed between the first stage diffuser and the etalon delivering a narrow cone of light to the etalon, and an aperture between the second stage diffuser and the etalon may deliver to the etalon a thin strip of the narrow cone of light.
Abstract:
In one embodiment, a weather sensing station includes one or more remote wireless sense units for sensing environmental conditions. A base station processes wireless signals from the wireless sense units and indicates the environmental conditions. A running display string may be used to display the data on a display string of the base station. Wireless sense units may include an air quality sense unit and, for example, a UV sensor. Air quality information and UV energy information may then be determined and displayed as data or indicated through graphical symbols.
Abstract:
A substrate 18, a cathode 20 and an anode 22 are stored in a space demarcated by a casing 10, and the space is evacuated. The cathode 20 and the anode 22 are provided on the same surface of a substrate 18 having electric insulation, and have a comb-tooth shape so as to be mutually engaged. Therefore, the area of the part in which the cathode 20 and the anode 22 approach each other becomes larger, and thereby photoelectrons discharged from the cathode 20 through the incidence of ultraviolet rays are transmitted in the vacuum, and are favorably collected in the anode 22.
Abstract:
A lithographic projection apparatus includes a radiation system for providing a projection beam of primary radiation, a support structure for supporting patterning structure, the patterning structure serving to pattern the projection beam according to a desired pattern, a substrate table for holding a substrate, a projection system for projecting the patterned beam onto a target portion of the substrate, a radiation sensor which is moveable in a path traversed by the projection beam, for receiving primary radiation out of the projection beam, the sensor including a radiation-sensitive material which converts incident primary radiation into secondary radiation, a radiation detector capable of detecting said secondary radiation emerging from said material, and a filter material for preventing secondary radiation from traveling in a direction away from the radiation detector.
Abstract:
A reflected ultraviolet light measuring device, a measuring method for measuring ultraviolet light reflection intensity by using the reflected ultraviolet light measuring device, and a valuation method for evaluating ultraviolet light absorbability of an object by using measuring results by the method, said device comprising an irradiating unit comprising a at least one light emitting diode for irradiating ultraviolet light on an object, and a light receiving unit for receiving a reflected light from the object, wherein the light receiving unit is arranged at an angle in which a regular reflected light from the object does not enter.