公开(公告)号：US5969825A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US846591

申请日：1997-04-30

Applicant: David S. Bomse ,  Joel A. Silver

Inventor： David S. Bomse ,  Joel A. Silver

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01N21/39 ,  G01J3/4338

Abstract: An improvement to a dual-modulation line-locking device for wavelength modulation spectroscopy employing a lowpass filter to generate a nonnormalized error signal and a bandpass filter and RMS-to-DC converter to generate a centering signal. When the error signal is approximately zero and the centering signal is large, the wavelength is coincident with the center of the absorption feature of the sample.

Abstract translation: 利用低通滤波器产生非正常化误差信号的波长调制光谱的双调制线路锁定装置的改进，以及带通滤波器和RMS到DC转换器以产生定心信号。 当误差信号近似为零且定心信号较大时，波长与样品吸收特征的中心一致。

公开(公告)号：US5841531A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US849943

申请日：1997-06-20

Applicant: Craig William Gliddon

Inventor： Craig William Gliddon

IPC: G01J3/443 ,  H01J49/10 ,  G01N21/68 ,  G01J3/433

CPC classification number: H01J49/067 ,  G01J3/443 ,  H01J49/105

Abstract: An inductively coupled plasma spectrometer including shielding/sampling means (1) located between a plasma torch (3) and an optical system (4) of the spectrometer, wherein said shielding/sampling (1) means is associated with an enclosure (9) for the plasma torch such that a relatively high independance path (10, 11) is established for limiting flow of electrical current between said shielding/sampling means (1) and said enclosure (9).

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / AU95 / 00856 Sec。 371日期：1997年6月20日 102（e）1997年6月20日PCT 1995年12月19日PCT PCT。 出版物WO96 / 19716 PCT 日期1996年6月27日包括位于等离子体炬（3）和光谱仪的光学系统（4）之间的屏蔽/取样装置（1）的电感耦合等离子体光谱仪，其中所述屏蔽/取样（1）装置与 用于等离子体焰炬的外壳（9），使得建立相对较高的独立路径（10,11），以限制所述屏蔽/采样装置（1）和所述外壳（9）之间的电流流动。

公开(公告)号：US5536936A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-16

申请号：US373933

申请日：1995-01-11

Applicant: Bernard Drevillon ,  Jean-Yves Parey ,  Razvigor Ossikovski

Inventor： Bernard Drevillon ,  Jean-Yves Parey ,  Razvigor Ossikovski

IPC: G01J4/04 ,  G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01J3/50

CPC classification number: G01N21/211

Abstract: This invention concerns a spectroscopic ellipsometer modulated at a frequency (.omega..sub.m) intended for taking measurements of a sample (3). The spectroscopic ellipsometer is phase modulated, the sample being excited by external means (16) producing periodic, alternating excitation at a frequency (.OMEGA..sub.e). The measurement contains the ellipsometric parameter values (.psi., .DELTA.) of the sample, respectively in the presence of (.psi..sub.1, .DELTA..sub.1) and in the absence of (.psi..sub.2, .DELTA..sub.2) excitation of the sample, as a function of excitation frequency (.OMEGA..sub.e).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及以用于取样（3）的测量的频率（ω）调制的光谱椭圆计。 光谱椭偏仪是相位调制的，样品被外部装置（16）激发，产生频率（OMEGA e）的周期性交替激发。 测量值分别包含样品的椭偏参数值（psi，DELTA），分别为（psi 1，DELTA 1）和不存在样品的（psi 2，DELTA 2）激发作为激发的函数 频率（OMEGA e）。

公开(公告)号：US5477051A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-19

申请号：US131678

申请日：1993-10-05

Applicant: Yutaka Tsuchiya

Inventor： Yutaka Tsuchiya

IPC: G01J1/00 ,  A61B10/00 ,  G01N21/17 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G01J3/433

CPC classification number: G01N21/4795

Abstract: Modulated light from a light source is incident on the surface of a scattering medium, and light passing through this scattering medium is externally detected. Components having a plurality of angular frequencies .omega..sub.1 and .omega..sub.2 corresponding to photon density waves propagating in the scattering medium are extracted from this detection signal. The extracted signals corresponding to these waves are compared with a signal of original modulated light to be incident on the scattering medium to detect a quantitatively measurable predetermined parameter such as a phase difference at a detection point for each angular frequency. The detected predetermined parameters have a predetermined relationship with absorptive and scattering constituents of the scattering medium. A pair of predetermined parameters are appropriately arithmetically calculated to eliminate the scattering coefficient, so that only the absorption coefficient can be independently calculated. Various pieces of information (including the linear integration value of the absorption coefficient in the scattering medium, the concentration of the specific material in the scattering medium, and the like) associated with absorption and the like in the scattering medium can be obtained in accordance with the calculated absorption coefficient.

Abstract translation: 来自光源的调制光入射到散射介质的表面，并且外部检测到通过该散射介质的光。 从该检测信号中提取具有对应于在散射介质中传播的光子密度波的多个角频率ω1和ω2的分量。 将与这些波相对应的提取信号与原始调制光的信号进行比较以入射到散射介质上，以检测可定量测量的预定参数，例如每个角频率的检测点处的相位差。 检测到的预定参数与散射介质的吸收和散射成分具有预定的关系。 适当算术计算一对预定参数以消除散射系数，使得只能独立计算吸收系数。 根据散射介质可以获得与吸收等相关的各种信息（包括散射介质中的吸收系数的线性积分值，散射介质中的特定材料的浓度等） 计算吸收系数。

公开(公告)号：US5339155A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-16

申请号：US40565

申请日：1993-03-31

Applicant: Roger H. Partridge ,  Robert H. Bradsell ,  Peter T. Woods

Inventor： Roger H. Partridge ,  Robert H. Bradsell ,  Peter T. Woods

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/31

CPC classification number: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N2021/3513

Abstract: Optical long-path gas monitoring apparatus (2) comprising means (4) for providing a radiation beam, a modulator (10) for modulating the wavelength of the radiation beam such as to produce amplitude modulation of the beam in the presence of the gas being monitored, a radiation detector (12) for conversion of the radiation beam into an electrical signal, and a signal processor (PSD 1,PSD 2) for demodulating the electrical signal to provide a signal dependent upon the gas.

Abstract translation: 光学长路气体监测装置（2）包括用于提供辐射束的装置（4），用于调制辐射束的波长的调制器（10），以便在存在气体的情况下产生束的振幅调制 用于将辐射束转换成电信号的辐射检测器（12），以及用于解调电信号以提供取决于气体的信号的信号处理器（PSD 1，PSD 2）。

公开(公告)号：US5070874A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-10

申请号：US482792

申请日：1990-01-30

Applicant: Russell H. Barnes ,  Jimmie W. Brasch, Sr. ,  David L. Purdy

Inventor： Russell H. Barnes ,  Jimmie W. Brasch, Sr. ,  David L. Purdy

IPC: A61B5/00 ,  G01J3/433

CPC classification number: A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  G01J3/433

Abstract: Radiation in the near infrared over a limited range of wavelengths about 1660 nanometers is projected on a portion of the body, for example, the ear, of the patient. The resulting radiation emitted by the portion, either scattered from the portion or transmitted after absorption and scattered by the portion, is processed to derive an expression of the resulting radiation as a function of the wavelength. The second derivative of this function over a very narrow range of this function between 1640 and 1670 nanometers is expanded and the glucose concentration is determined from the magnitude, or intensity, of the scattered or transmitted radiation at the maximum or minimum point of this derivative apparatus for non-invasive determination of glucose concentration in the patient. Radiation in the near infrared is transmitted through a first fiber-optic radiation conductor to the outer surface of a portion of the patient's body, penetrating into the portion. A second fiber-optic conductor transmits the resulting radiation emitted from the portion to data processing means which produces the desired second derivative as a function of the wavelength of the incident radiation. The processor includes a spectrum analyzer which produces a spectrum of the resulting radiation.

Abstract translation: 在约1660纳米的有限的波长范围内的近红外线的辐射被投射在患者身体的一部分，例如耳朵上。 由该部分发射的或者从该部分散射或在吸收之后透射并由该部分散射的所产生的辐射是根据波长导出所得辐射的表达的过程。 在1640和1670纳米之间的这个功能的非常狭窄的范围内，该函数的二阶导数被扩展，并且葡萄糖浓度是根据该导数的最大或最小点处的散射或透射辐射的幅度或强度来确定的。 用于非侵入性测定患者葡萄糖浓度的装置。 近红外线的辐射通过第一光纤辐射导体传播到患者身体的一部分的外表面，穿透入该部分。 第二光纤导体将从该部分发射的所得到的辐射传输到数据处理装置，该数据处理装置产生作为入射辐射的波长的函数的所需二阶导数。 该处理器包括产生所得辐射光谱的频谱分析仪。

公开(公告)号：US4752129A

公开(公告)日：1988-06-21

申请号：US840943

申请日：1986-03-18

Applicant: Takusuke Izumi ,  Akihiko Nagai ,  Seiji Kanai ,  Tsuneo Suzuki

Inventor： Takusuke Izumi ,  Akihiko Nagai ,  Seiji Kanai ,  Tsuneo Suzuki

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/18

CPC classification number: G01J3/433

Abstract: Light to be measured is input to a diffraction grating after is has been oscillated by a wavelength modulation device with a constant frequency F. The light is incident to the diffraction grating at an angle of incidence, .theta., and is oscillated with a frequency F with a center angle of incidence, .theta..sub.0, as a center. An output spectrum of said diffraction grating is received by a photoelectric converter. An electric signal from the photoelectric converter is oscillated with a frequency F over a wavelength range of .lambda..sub.0 .+-..DELTA..lambda. where .lambda..sub.0 is a center wavelength measured at the center angle of incidence .theta..sub.0. The oscillated spectrum signal is synchronously detected, by a synchronous detector, with a frequency 2F through a high-pass filter, obtaining a variation spectrum at the measured center wavelength .lambda..sub.0. The output electric signal of the photoelectric converter passes through a DC amplifier to a sampling circuit where it is sampled with the frequency F or 2F. In this way it is possible to obtain a full intensity of a spectrum at the center wavelength .lambda..sub.0. The driving of a wavelength scanning mechanism causes a variation in the incident angle .theta..sub.0 of the light to the diffraction grating and thus a variation in the center wavelength .lambda..sub.0 measured.

Abstract translation: 被测量的光在被恒定频率F的波长调制装置振荡之后被输入到衍射光栅。光以入射角θ入射到衍射光栅，并以频率F与 中心入射角θ0为中心。 所述衍射光栅的输出光谱由光电转换器接收。 来自光电转换器的电信号在λ0 +/-DELTAλ的波长范围上以频率F振荡，其中λ0是在中心入射角θ0处测量的中心波长。振荡的频谱信号被同步检测， 通过同步检波器，通过高通滤波器具有频率2F，在测量的中心波长λ0处获得变化谱。光电转换器的输出电信号通过DC放大器通过采样电路，其中采样电路用 频率F或2F。 以这种方式，可以在中心波长λ0处获得光谱的全部强度。波长扫描机构的驱动导致光到衍射光栅的入射角θ0的变化，因此在 中心波长λ0测量。

公开(公告)号：US4594511A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-10

申请号：US717356

申请日：1985-03-29

Applicant: David E. Cooper ,  Thomas F. Gallagher

Inventor： David E. Cooper ,  Thomas F. Gallagher

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/4338

Abstract: A spectroscopic technique in which the sample under investigation is probed with a generally monochromatic beam of light which has been modulated at two distinct modulation frequencies. The double modulation produces a plurality of sidebands, and the two modulation frequencies are related to one another such that a selection of sidebands falls into two groups of closely spaced component sidebands. A first group is disposed in frequency at the spectral feature of interest and serves to probe the spectral feature. The other group is disposed in frequency remote from the feature and serves as a reference group. Within each group the component sidebands are offset from one another by a characteristic offset frequency, which can be considerably less than the width of the spectral feature under investigation. After interaction with the sample the doubly modulated beam is passed on to a photodetector, which in combination with appropriate signal processing apparatus detects a signal at the characteristic offset frequency representative of the spectral feature.

Abstract translation: 一种光谱技术，其中所研究的样品用已经以两个不同调制频率调制的大致单色光束探测。 双调制产生多个边带，并且两个调制频率彼此相关，使得边带的选择落入两组紧密间隔的分量边带。 在感兴趣的光谱特征处以频率设置第一组，并用于探测光谱特征。 另一组以远离特征的频率进行设置，并作为参考组。 在每个组内，组分边带彼此偏移特性偏移频率，其可以显着小于被调查的光谱特征的宽度。 在与样品相互作用之后，将双重调制的光束传递到光电检测器，光电检测器与合适的信号处理设备组合检测代表光谱特征的特征偏移频率的信号。

公开(公告)号：US4441815A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-10

申请号：US296735

申请日：1981-08-27

Applicant: Takusuke Izumi

Inventor： Takusuke Izumi

IPC: G01J3/433 ,  G01N21/33 ,  G01J3/42

CPC classification number: G01J3/433

Abstract: A wavelength-modulated derivative spectrometer is disclosed which enables continuous measurement of trace amounts of NH.sub.3 in stack gas which includes a high concentration of SO.sub.2, and which in general enables measurement of low amounts of a substance having a relatively broad-band absorption spectrum present in a gas together with a high concentration of a substance having a relatively narrow-band periodic spectrum structure, with interference resulting from the latter substance being substantially eliminated.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种波长调制衍生光谱仪，其能够连续测量包括高浓度SO 2的叠层气体中痕量的NH 3，并且其通常能够测量低含量的具有相对宽带吸收光谱的物质 与高浓度的具有相对窄带周期光谱结构的物质一起产生气体，而后者物质基本上被消除。

公开(公告)号：USRE29939E

公开(公告)日：1979-03-20

申请号：US609294

申请日：1975-09-02

Applicant: David T. Williams

Inventor： David T. Williams

IPC: G01J3/433

CPC classification number: G01J3/433

Abstract: A wobbling single slit is provided as the entrance slit of a spectrometer which rectilinearly reciprocates at a constant amplitude, such amplitude being selectively adjustable. A control signal is obtained from a circuit that oscillates the slit for controlling the frequency and phase of the ac signal component detected and amplified from the detector after the superposed dc detected signal component is separated from the ac signal component.