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    Method and apparatus for treating a workpiece at a treating station
    171.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for treating a workpiece at a treating station 失效
    在处理台处理工件的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US3952699A

    公开(公告)日：1976-04-27

    申请号：US452552

    申请日：1974-03-19

    Applicant: Heinz Durr ,  Klaus Gafgen

    Inventor： Heinz Durr ,  Klaus Gafgen

    IPC: B05B5/08 ,  B05B13/04 ,  B05B15/12 ,  B05D1/06 ,  B05D7/00 ,  B05D7/14 ,  B05C11/12 ,  B05C5/00

    CPC classification number: B05D7/52 ,  B05B13/0452 ,  B05B15/1207 ,  B05B15/1229 ,  B05B15/1288 ,  B05B5/081 ,  B05B5/082 ,  B05D1/06 ,  B05D7/14 ,  B05B13/041

    Abstract: A workpiece, such as the body of a vehicle is advanced in suspended condition in one of two transversely spaced paths until it is opposite a treating station which is located between and spaced from both of the paths. There are several such treating stations provided, spaced along the paths, and they are each capable of affording a different treating action. The workpiece is placed opposite the desired work treating station and is then shifted transversely of the paths to the treating station where it undergoes treatment, to be subsequently shifted to the other of the paths and along the same.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates generally to the treating of workpieces, and more particularly to a method of and an apparatus for treating of workpieces. Still more particularly, the invention relates to a method of treating a vehicle body or the like by providing it with a surface coating, and to an apparatus for carrying out the method.The invention will be described herein with respect to the treating of vehicle bodies, but it should be understood that it can also be used for treating of other workpieces.In the treating of vehicle bodies, and in particular in the applying of coatings to them, the industry desires to use electrostatic application of powder material as a surface coating for the bodies. Such electrostatic application of powder to an object, such as a vehicle body, is already known in the art. Two basic processes are known, according to one the vehicle body is pre-treated, by cleaning it, washing it and phosphatizing it, whereupon the exterior surfaces of the vehicle body are sprayed with a neutral base coat. Subsequently, the vehicle body is internally painted electrophoretically and thereupon a cover lacquer is applied by spraying a liquid laquer of desired color onto the body. The application of the cover layer can take place in one and the same spray booth, even though two or more colors may be used for one and the same vehicle body. Of course, losses of paint from dripping or the like must be accepted, because paint lost in this manner is almost impossible to recover.The other method known from the art does not use the application of a base coat of powder as in the preceding one, but instead pre-treats the workpiece as before and then immediately applies a base laquer to the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece, usually electrophoretically. Thereupon, a finish coat is applied over the base coat by spraying color powder onto the base coat. This method has the advantage that it is substantially more economical than the first-mentioned one.Unfortunately, the second method also has certain disadvantages. In the first-mentioned method in which liquid paints are utilized, the vehicle bodies can be readily and without interruption moved through the spray booths in sequence, even though the color of paint may have to be changed from one vehicle to another, or even two or more colors may have to be applied to one and the same vehicle body. If color changes are required when powder is used to apply a coating onto the vehicle body, however, this presents difficulties because in effect it is not possible to use one and the same cabin for spraying powder of different colors. It has been observed that in this case the different-color powders become readily admixed, especially because of the powder particles which continuously float in the air of the cabin. This means that for each color a separate spray booth or cabin must be provided.This, in turn, would according to the prior-art approaches necessitate that the separate spray booths be located one behind the other, a requirement that necessitates extremely large installations. Moreover, even in this case it is virtually impossible to prevent the transfer of powder of one color from one booth to another booth wherein powder of a different color is used, as a workpiece travels seriatim through them.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIt is an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art.More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of treating a workpiece at a treating station, for instance applying powder or similar material to a vehicle body, in which the undesired transfer of color material from one spray booth to another is reliably avoided.An additional object of the invention is to provide such a method wherein a plurality of individual spray booths can be provided, but which nevertheless requires substantially less space than what is known from the prior art.An additional object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out the method.In keeping with these objects and with others which will become apparent hereafter, one feature of the invention resides in a method of treating a workpiece at a treating station, particularly of surface-coating a vehicle body or the like, comprising advancing a workpiece in suspended condition in one of two transversely spaced paths until it is opposite a treating station which is located between and spaced from both of the paths. The workpiece is then shifted to the treating station transversely of the two paths, and it is treated at the treating station. Subsequently, the treated workpiece is again shifted transversely of the paths to the other one of them, and may then be removed in this other path.Unlike the prior art, in which each workpiece passes through a sequence of spray booths, and in which only the spraying equipment of that booth is operated which sprays the particular desired color --with the result that the transfer of paint particles from one booth to another is never reliably excluded--, the present invention makes it possible to advance a workpiece through only one spray booth, and eliminates any possibility that the workpiece might have to pass through more than one of these booths. However, even if two, three or more spray booths are provided, they can be located quite close together so that the overall length of such an installation can be drastically decreased, thereby also decreasing the space requirements. This is further facilitated by the fact that the workpieces are advantageously suspended, and in particular that vehicle bodies can be suspended in such a manner as to be suspended in direction of their longitudinal axis, since this makes it possible to provide spray booths the cross section of which can be significantly smaller than was otherwise the case.The present invention is particularly suitable for operations which are carried out stepwise, and it can be completely or partially automated, in which case it can be controlled by program control devices known from the art.In essence, a workpiece travels in a substantially Z-shaped path, namely it travels first in one path, then moves at more or less right angles to this path to the treating station and from there to the other path which extends more or less parallel to the first one, and it then continues its movement in this other path. This makes it possible to carry out the treating in spray booths that can be made absolutely tight against the escape of powder or other matter, and avoids the possibility that material from one spray booth might be able to migrate into another one, even though both spray booths --or several of them-- may simultaneously be operating on different workpieces.Suspending the workpieces, especially suspending vehicle bodies along their longitudinal axis, is advantageous for another reason besides the ones mentioned above, namely because it permits a more uniform and thorough application of material, such as powder, to the surfaces of the vehicle body. This is so because all exterior parts of the vehicle body are particularly well exposed to the spray nozzles when the body is so suspended. This can be further improved by turning the vehicle body about a vertical axis to expose it still more completely to the spray nozzles. The spray nozzles may also be moved vertically with reference to the workpiece, or they may be moved in other directions relative to the workpiece, and of course it is possible --although not as practical-- to so move the workpiece with reference to the spray nozzles.Due to the fact that the vehicle bodies are suspended, a particularly advantageous geometric form of the spray booths may be selected, in such a manner that by appropriately configurating the walls of the spray booth a forced circular or spiral movement of the air and the color material particles --such as powder-- can be obtained. Thus, a more uniform and reliable deposition of the material on the workpiece is assured, particularly if powder is involved in which case the charged powder particles will reliably become deposited on the workpiece as they travel in an essentially spiral path about the same.Still another advantage of the invention is the fact that only a relatively small amount of air must be vented from the spray booths, and that this cuts down substantially on the loss of powder. Instead of operating continuously with fresh air, the present invention can readily use air flow in a closed circuit, the amount of air that must be turned over per unit of time being determined by the amount of powder that is sprayed and the maximum powder concentration in the air that is permissible from a safety point of view. Any excess powder that is carried by the air out of the spray booth can be recovered in appropriate devices which are well known from the art, becoming separated therein from the circulating air.The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawing.

    Abstract translation: 诸如车辆的车体的工件在两个横向间隔的路径中的一个中悬挂状态前进，直到它与位于两个路径之间并且与两个路径间隔开的处理站相对。 有几个这样的处理站设置成沿路径间隔开，并且它们各自能够提供不同的处理动作。 将工件放置在期望的工件处理台的对面，然后横向移动到经过处理的处理台，随后移动到另一个路径并沿着它们移动。

    Using photoconductive and non-photoconductive powders
    172.
    发明授权
    Using photoconductive and non-photoconductive powders 失效
    使用光电子和非光电子粉末

    公开(公告)号：US3926628A

    公开(公告)日：1975-12-16

    申请号：US46645174

    申请日：1974-05-02

    Applicant: FUJI PHOTO FILM CO LTD

    Inventor： HONJO SATORU

    IPC: B05D1/06 ,  G03G9/08 ,  G03G15/05 ,  G03G15/34 ,  G03G13/22

    CPC classification number: G03G15/342 ,  Y10S430/101

    Abstract: An electrostatic powder coating method comprising; exposing a charged photoconductive toner layer formed on an electrically conductive substrate to an optical image; selectively removing the irradiation discharged toner particles from the toner layer at the irradiated areas to form a toner image corresponding to the optical image; then, while the remaining charged toner layer still retains a sufficient amount of charge, electrostatically spraying a second powder having the same charge polarity as that of the toner layer over the toner image bearing surface whereby the second powder is preferentially deposited on the irradiated areas of the image bearing surface; and fusing the photoconductive toner particles and the second powder layer or fusing the second powder layer after removing the toner particles from the substrate after discharging the charged toner particles of the toner layer by uniform irradiation by heating to form a continuous film, wherein an affinity between a main resinous component of said photoconductive toner and that of the second powder is high and both main resinous components are compatible with each other when fused by heating.

    Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
    173.
    发明授权
    Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article 失效
    制造热塑性油墨的方法，聚合物涂层玻璃制品

    公开(公告)号：US3924020A

    公开(公告)日：1975-12-02

    申请号：US42431873

    申请日：1973-12-13

    Applicant: ANCHOR HOCKING CORP

    Inventor： SHANK JR HERBERT C

    IPC: C30B31/02 ,  G02B6/134 ,  B05D1/06 ,  B05D1/24

    CPC classification number: G02B6/1342 ,  C30B29/16 ,  C30B31/02

    Abstract: A glass article is decorated with a thermoplastic ink which contains no frit. A finely divided heat fusible polymeric coating material is applied to the article over the ink. The article is heated to a temperature at which the particles of coating material fuse to form a smooth continuous film over the ink while the latter is in melted, semi-liquid condition. The melted ink diffuses into (but not through) the polymer film over it, thereby forming a melt-melt bond. The polymeric film imparts a serviceability to the ink which it would not otherwise display.

    Abstract translation: 用不含玻璃料的热塑性油墨装饰玻璃制品。 将细碎的热熔聚合物涂层材料施加到墨水上的制品上。 将物品加热到涂料的颗粒熔化的温度，以在油墨上形成平滑的连续膜，而后者处于熔融的半液体状态。 熔融的油墨在其上扩散（但不是通过）聚合物膜，从而形成熔融熔融粘合。 聚合物膜赋予了墨水的可使用性，否则它将不会显示。

    Coating material based on blocked polyurethanes
    174.
    发明授权
    Coating material based on blocked polyurethanes 失效
    基于封闭聚氨酯的涂料

    公开(公告)号：US3819586A

    公开(公告)日：1974-06-25

    申请号：US25914472

    申请日：1972-06-02

    Applicant: BAYER AG

    Inventor： RUDOLPH H ,  KREUDER H ,  DHEIN R ,  DE CLEUR E

    IPC: B05D1/06 ,  C08G18/10 ,  C08G18/32 ,  C08G18/42 ,  C08G18/80 ,  C09D175/04 ,  C08G22/32 ,  B05B5/00

    CPC classification number: C09D175/04 ,  B05D1/06 ,  C08G18/10 ,  C08G18/3203 ,  C08G18/4205 ,  C08G18/8074 ,  C08G2150/20 ,  Y10S524/904 ,  C08G18/2805

    Abstract: The invention relates to new varnish binders for coating materials and to a process of forming a continuous coating on an article by spraying a pulverulent coating material preferably having a softening point of 40*C, comprising those varnish binders of the present invention being pulverulent and having a softening point of at least 40*C, optionally in mixtures with additives, through an electric field on an article to adhere the said pulverulent coating material to said article and baking said coating material to fuse it into a continuous coating.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于涂料的新的清漆粘合剂和通过喷涂优选软化点为40℃的粉末涂料，在制品上形成连续涂层的方法，其包括本发明的粉状粘合剂是粉状的并具有 至少40℃的软化点，任选地与添加剂的混合物，通过制品上的电场将所述粉末涂料粘附到所述制品上，并烘烤所述涂料以将其熔合成连续涂层。

    Method and system for Langmuir-Blodgett assembly
    179.
    发明授权
    Method and system for Langmuir-Blodgett assembly 有权

    公开(公告)号：US12202000B2

    公开(公告)日：2025-01-21

    申请号：US17483993

    申请日：2021-09-24

    Applicant: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

    Inventor： Jiaxing Huang ,  Huali Nie

    IPC: B05B5/025 ,  B05D1/20 ,  C09D139/06 ,  B05D1/06

    Abstract: This invention relates to method and system for forming a film. The method including providing a trough containing water defining an air-water interface between air and the water; providing a solution containing a material of interest; and electrospraying the solution onto the air-water interface of water to form a film of the material of interest at the air-water interface. The system includes a trough containing water defining an air-water interface between air and the water; and means for spreading a solution containing a material of interest onto the air-water interface of water by electrospray, to form a film of the material of interest at the air-water interface. The spreading means comprises an electrospraying device.

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