公开(公告)号：US06836333B1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-28

申请号：US10031948

申请日：2002-06-21

Applicant: Robert Jones ,  Michael Stuart Hazell

Inventor： Robert Jones ,  Michael Stuart Hazell

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J3/453

Abstract: The invention concerns an interferometric optical block for Fourier Transform spectrometers having three planar nominally parallel surfaces with the two outer surfaces adapted to act as beam reflectors for internal light and the third surface in operation acting as a beam splitter and beam combiner, the optical block having an input portion by means of which an input beam of light to be analysed can be input so as partially to pass through said third surface to be internally reflected by one of said outer reflectors, and partially to be reflected by said third surface so as then to be internally reflected by the other of said outer reflectors whereby light internally reflected by said outer reflectors is combined at said third surface to produce an exit beam, and wherein said outer surfaces have an inclination with respect to one another so as to make a variation in path lengths in the light forming the exit beam so as to generate an interference fringe field.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于傅里叶变换光谱仪的干涉光学块，其具有三个平面名义上平行的表面，其两个外表面适于充当用于内部光的射束反射器，并且第三表面在操作中用作分束器和光束组合器，该光学块具有 输入部分，通过该输入部分可以输入待分析的输入光束，以便部分地穿过所述第三表面以由所述外部反射器中的一个反射，并且部分地被所述第三表面反射，从而 由所述外部反射器中的另一个内部反射，由此由所述外部反射器内部反射的光在所述第三表面处组合以产生出射光束，并且其中所述外表面相对于彼此具有倾斜度，以使其变化 在形成出射光束的光的路径长度上，以产生干涉条纹场。

公开(公告)号：US20040118995A1

公开(公告)日：2004-06-24

申请号：US10626800

申请日：2003-07-24

Inventor： Raul Curbelo

IPC: G01J003/50 ,  H01J005/16 ,  H01J040/14

CPC classification number: G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: A method and for acquiring interferogram data and a Fourier transform spectrometer, including a detector that provides an output signal that exhibits non-linear distortion in a measured interferogram represented by a power series Imnulla1Inulla2I2nulla3I3null . . . , comprising the steps of representing a measured spectrum as Smnulla1 Snulla2(S*S)nulla3 (S*S*S)nullb3 (S*S*S*S)null . . . where S is the spectrum of the linear interferogram and * indicates convolution, expressing a linear interferogram I as a power series of a measured interferogram Im as in Inullb1Imnullb2Im2nullb3Im3null . . . , expressing the linear spectrum as a power series of the spectra of the interferogram powers Snullb1S1nullb2S2nullb3S3 . . . , and obtaining the coefficients bi where Snull0.

Abstract translation: 一种用于获取干涉图数据和傅里叶变换光谱仪的方法，包括检测器，其提供在由功率级Im = a1I + a2I2 + a3I3 +表示的测量干涉图中呈现非线性失真的输出信号， 。 。 。 包括以下步骤：将测量光谱表示为Sm = a1 S + a2（S * S）+ a3（S * S * S）+ b3（S * S * S * S）+。 。 。 其中S是线性干涉图的光谱，*表示卷积，表示线性干涉图I作为I = b1Im + b2Im2 + b3Im3 +中测量的干涉图Im的幂级数。 。 。 表示线性谱作为干涉图功率S = b1S1 + b2S2 + b3S3的光谱的幂级数。 。 。 ，并获得S = 0的系数bi。

公开(公告)号：US06690817B1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-10

申请号：US09157138

申请日：1998-09-18

Applicant: Dario Cabib ,  Robert A. Buckwald ,  Nissim Ben-Yosef

Inventor： Dario Cabib ,  Robert A. Buckwald ,  Nissim Ben-Yosef

IPC: G06K962

CPC classification number: G01B11/0675 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J5/10 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G01N1/30 ,  G01N15/1475 ,  G01N21/6428 ,  G01N21/6458 ,  G01N33/5005 ,  G01N33/56966 ,  G01N33/582 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G06K9/00127 ,  G06K9/76

Abstract: A method of spectral-morphometric analysis of biological samples, the biological samples including substantially constant components and suspected variable components, the method is effected by following the steps of (a) using a spectral data collection device for collecting spectral data of picture elements of the biological samples; (b) defining a spectral vector associated with picture elements representing a constant component of at least one of the biological samples; (c) using the spectral vector for defining a correcting function being selected such that when operated on spectral vectors associated with picture elements representing other constant components, spectral vectors of the other constant components are modified to substantially resemble the spectral vector; (d) operating the correcting function on spectral vectors associated with at least the variable components for obtaining corrected spectral vectors thereof; and (e) classifying the corrected spectral vectors into classification groups.

Abstract translation: 生物样品的光谱 - 形态测定分析方法，生物样品包括基本不变的组分和可疑的可变组分，该方法是通过以下步骤来实现的：（a）使用光谱数据采集装置，用于收集图像元素的光谱数据 生物样品; （b）定义与表示至少一个生物样品的恒定分量的图像元素相关联的光谱矢量; （c）使用频谱矢量来定义被选择的校正函数，使得当与表示其他恒定分量的图像元素相关联的频谱矢量操作时，修改其他常数分量的谱矢量以基本上类似于频谱矢量; （d）对与至少可变分量相关联的频谱矢量操作校正函数，以获得其校正的频谱矢量; 和（e）将校正的光谱向量分类为分类组。

公开(公告)号：US06590666B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-08

申请号：US09854070

申请日：2001-05-11

Applicant: Douglas M. Baney ,  Bogdan Szafraniec

Inventor： Douglas M. Baney ,  Bogdan Szafraniec

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J9/04 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: Heterodyne-based optical spectrum analysis involves measuring the sweep rate of a swept local oscillator signal and then generating an output signal that accounts for non-uniformities in the sweep rate of the swept local oscillator signal. In an embodiment, an input signal is combined with a swept local oscillator signal in an optical coupler and the sweep rate of the swept local oscillator signal is measured in a relative frequency measurement system. The combined optical signal is output from the optical coupler to a receiver and a heterodyne beat signal is generated. The heterodyne beat signal and measured local oscillator frequency sweep rate information are utilized by a signal processor to generate an output signal that is indicative of an optical parameter of the input signal and that accounts for non-uniformities in the sweep rate of the local oscillator signal. Because the actual sweep rate of the swept local oscillator signal is measured during analysis of the input signal, the horizontal scale accuracy of heterodyne-based OSAs is improved.

公开(公告)号：US20030058520A1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-27

申请号：US10072639

申请日：2002-02-08

Inventor： Kyoungsik Yu ,  Olav Solgaard

IPC: G02B026/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/29358 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G02B6/2938 ,  G02B6/29386 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B26/001 ,  G02B26/0833 ,  G02B27/1006 ,  G02B27/1086 ,  G02B27/123 ,  G02B27/145 ,  H04J14/005 ,  H04J14/02

Abstract: A reconfigurable optical device capable of filtering, multiplexing, and spectrometry, among other functions. The device has an array of micromirrors disposed under a floating reflector that is partially reflecting. The floating reflector is spaced apart from the micromirrors a certain distance. The micromirrors are each capable of independent vertical motion, and, optionally, tilting motion. In use, light is projected at an oblique angle into the space between the micromirrors. Each reflection from the floating reflector produces an emergent beam from the floating reflector. The emergent light beams are combined with a lens. As a direct result of this structure, different wavelengths are focused to different points in the focal plane of the lens. The focal point positions of the different wavelengths can be moved by manipulating the micromirrors. This allows for reconfigurable filtering, spectrometry, and multiplexing, among other applications.

Abstract translation: 能够进行滤波，复用和光谱测定的可重构光学器件等功能。 该装置具有设置在部分反射的浮动反射器下方的微镜阵列。 浮动反射器与微镜距离一定距离。 微镜每个都能够独立的垂直运动，以及可选的倾斜运动。 在使用中，光以倾斜角投射到微镜之间的空间中。 来自浮动反射器的每个反射从浮动反射器产生出射光束。 出现的光束与透镜组合。 作为这种结构的直接结果，不同的波长被聚焦到透镜的焦平面中的不同点。 通过操纵微镜可以移动不同波长的焦点位置。 这允许可重构滤波，光谱测量和复用以及其他应用。

公开(公告)号：US06525815B2

公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

申请号：US10007796

申请日：2001-11-09

Applicant: Helen L. Kung ,  David A. B. Miller

Inventor： Helen L. Kung ,  David A. B. Miller

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453

Abstract: A transform spectrometer determines the spectrum of light based on the Talbot effect. Light to be analyzed is passed through a spatially periodic object, thereby generating a series of Talbot images. The intensities of these Talbot images at different optical distances from the spatially periodic object are then detected, and Fourier transformed to determine the spectrum of the light. Preferably, the detector comprises a spatial masking pattern such that the intensities detected are maximized at Talbot planes or at the midpoints between Talbot planes. In one embodiment, the optical distance between the spatially periodic object and the detector is changed in order to detect image intensities at different Talbot planes. In another embodiment, the detector and the spatially periodic object are positioned along a common optical axis at relative angle &thgr; such that different detector rows detect intensities at different Talbot planes. In yet another embodiment, the spatially periodic object is both a grating and a detector, and the Talbot images generated by the grating are reflected off a mirror back to the detector.

Abstract translation: 变换光谱仪基于Talbot效应确定光谱。 要分析的光通过空间周期的物体，从而产生一系列Talbot图像。 然后检测这些Talbot图像在距离空间周期物体的不同光学距离处的强度，并进行傅里叶变换以确定光谱。 优选地，检测器包括空间掩蔽图案，使得检测到的强度在Talbot平面或Talbot平面之间的中点处最大化。 在一个实施例中，改变空间周期性物体与检测器之间的光学距离，以便检测不同Talbot平面处的图像强度。 在另一个实施例中，检测器和空间周期性物体沿着公共光轴以相对角度θ定位，使得不同的检测器行检测不同Talbot平面处的强度。 在另一个实施例中，空间周期性物体既是光栅又是检测器，并且由光栅产生的Talbot图像被反射回到检测器。

公开(公告)号：US20030016901A1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-23

申请号：US09886544

申请日：2001-06-21

Inventor： Robert H. Cormack

IPC: G02B006/26

CPC classification number: G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0224

Abstract: The present invention relates to interferometers with adjustable path length differences (lags). The method of adjusting the interferometer lag is by selectively enabling a plurality of different fixed path length delay elements in either or both of the interferometer arms or paths. In addition, an interferometer with a small but continuously adjustable lag may be extended to much greater lags by adding such delay elements to one or both of the interferometer's paths.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及具有可调路径长度差（滞后）的干涉仪。 调整干涉仪滞后的方法是通过选择性地使能干涉仪臂或路径中的任一个或两者中的多个不同的固定路径长度延迟元件。 此外，通过将这样的延迟元件添加到干涉仪的一个或两个路径上，具有小但可连续调节的滞后的干涉仪可以延伸到更大的滞后。

公开(公告)号：US06462826B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

申请号：US09462981

申请日：2000-03-06

Applicant: John Howard

Inventor： John Howard

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J5/04 ,  G01J1/04 ,  G01J1/0429 ,  G01J3/45 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J5/0014 ,  G01J5/0018 ,  G01J5/0044 ,  G01J5/08 ,  G01J5/0803 ,  G01J5/0834 ,  G01J5/58 ,  G01J2005/583 ,  G01J2005/586

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measurement of at least one of brightness, flow velocity and temperature of radiant media are provided. A substantially collimated beam of light having a selected frequency is directed to a linear polariser. The linearly polarised output is directed to an electro-optically active birefringent crystal to separate the output into two characteristic waves and to introduce a first fixed phase delay between the characteristic waves. The birefringent crystal is selectively electro-optically modulated to introduce a second variable phase delay between the characteristic waves and the characteristic waves are combined to interfere prior to detection.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于测量辐射介质的亮度，流速和温度中的至少一个的方法和装置。 具有选定频率的基本上准直的光束被引导到线性偏振器。 线性偏振输出被引导到电光学上有效的双折射晶体，以将输出分离成两个特征波并且在特征波之间引入第一固定相位延迟。 双折射晶体被选择性地电光调制以在特征波之间引入第二可变相位延迟，并且特征波被组合以在检测之前被干扰。

公开(公告)号：US06421131B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09607836

申请日：2000-06-30

Applicant: Peter J. Miller

Inventor： Peter J. Miller

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J9/02

Abstract: A birefringent interferometer system is described which uses nematic liquid crystal cells to produce variable optical path differences (OPD) between light of different polarization states that are interfered at a polarizing analyzer. Fixed retarders may also be incorporated to extend the range of OPD. The interferometer provides wide field-of-view, continuously variable path difference over a large range, and an on-board monitor of OPD for ensuring accurate settings of path difference, and hence, an accurate wavelength scale in the spectra produced by the apparatus. The system can further incorporate additional polarizing optics so it responds equally well to light of any incident polarization state without loss of efficiency.

Abstract translation: 描述了双折射干涉仪系统，其使用向列液晶单元在偏振分析器干涉的不同偏振态的光之间产生可变的光程差（OPD）。 还可以结合固定缓凝剂来扩展OPD的范围。 干涉仪提供宽范围的视场，大范围的连续可变路径差，以及OPD的车载显示器，用于确保路径差的精确设置，从而确保设备产生的光谱中的精确波长标度。 该系统可以进一步结合附加的偏振光学元件，因此它对任何入射偏振状态的光同样良好地响应而不损失效率。

公开(公告)号：US06297504B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09324152

申请日：1999-06-02

Applicant: Michael Paul Andreou

Inventor： Michael Paul Andreou

IPC: G01N2135

CPC classification number: G01J5/0014 ,  G01J3/453 ,  G01J3/4535 ,  G01J2005/0077 ,  G01J2005/068 ,  G01J2005/583 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/3518 ,  G01N2021/1765 ,  G01N2021/1774 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2021/3595 ,  H04N5/33

Abstract: A method for imaging a quantity of gas present in the atmosphere of a selected area. The method comprises the steps of directing background infra-red radiation from the selected area into an interferometer; imaging the infra-red radiation emerging from the interferometer onto at least one infra-red detector: obtaining a plurality of Fouriertransform infra-red spectra in the 8-14 micrometer spectral region, each spectrum coitesponding to infra-red radiation collected from a different portion of the selected area; and displaying in a suitable form an infra-red image, the infra-red image comprising the plurality of infra-red spectra, or quantities derived therefrom. The temperature of the quantity of gas or ambient temperature is measured, the temperature of the background is measured, and the difference between the two measured temperatures is used to derive gas column densities from the infra-red spectra.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对选定区域的气氛中存在的气体成像的方法。 该方法包括将来自所选区域的背景红外辐射引导到干涉仪中的步骤; 将从干涉仪出射的红外辐射成像到至少一个红外检测器上：在8-14微米光谱区域中获得多个四变换红外光谱，每个光谱响应于从不同部分收集的红外辐射 的选区; 并以合适的形式显示红外图像，包括多个红外光谱的红外图像或从其衍生的量。 测量气体或环境温度的温度，测量背景温度，并且使用两个测量温度之间的差异从红外光谱导出气柱密度。