Abstract:
A device includes a semiconductor substrate, which has a front side and a backside. A photo-sensitive device is disposed on the front side of the semiconductor substrate. A first and a second grid line are parallel to each other, and are disposed on the backside of, and overlying, the semiconductor substrate. A stacked layer includes an adhesion layer, a metal layer over the adhesion layer, and a high-refractive index layer over the metal layer. The adhesion layer, the metal layer, and the high-refractive index layer are substantially conformal, and extend on top surfaces and sidewalls of the first and the second grid lines.
Abstract:
A method includes forming an opening in a dielectric layer, and forming a silicon rich layer on a surface of the dielectric layer. A portion of the silicon rich layer extends into the opening and contacts the dielectric layer. A tantalum-containing layer is formed over and the contacting the silicon rich layer. An annealing is performed to react the tantalum-containing layer with the silicon rich layer, so that a tantalum-and-silicon containing layer is formed.
Abstract:
A high density plasma chemical vapor deposition process including exciting gas mixture to create a plasma including ions, and directing the plasma into a dense region above the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer, heating the wafer using an additional heat source, and allowing a material from the plasma to deposit onto the semiconductor wafer.
Abstract:
A method of forming an integrated circuit structure includes forming a dielectric layer; forming an opening in the dielectric layer; performing a net deposition step to form a seed layer having a portion in the opening, wherein the net deposition step comprises a first deposition and a first etching; performing a net etch step to the seed layer, wherein the net etch step comprises a first etching and a first deposition, wherein a portion of the seed layer remains after the net etch step; and growing a conductive material on the seed layer to fill a remaining portion of the opening.
Abstract:
A system for measuring optical properties of a sample is provided. A light source provides incident polarized light. A detector detects reflected light from the sample surface. A processor determines a first coefficient (R) of the reflected light detected by the detector, determines a second coefficient (n), extinction coefficient (k), and thickness of the film based on the measured first coefficient, and determines a first dielectric constant (∈1) and a second dielectric constant (∈2) of the film according to the second coefficient (n) and extinction coefficient (k).
Abstract:
A high density plasma chemical vapor deposition process including exciting gas mixture to create a plasma including ions, and directing the plasma into a dense region above the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer, heating the wafer using an additional heat source, and allowing a material from the plasma to deposit onto the semiconductor wafer.
Abstract:
A method for treating a copper surface of a semiconductor device provides exposing the copper surface to a citric acid solution after the surface is formed using CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) or other methods. The citric acid treatment may take place during a cleaning operation that takes place in a wafer scrubber, or subsequent to such an operation. The citric acid treatment removes copper oxides that form on copper surfaces exposed to the environment and prevents hillock formation during subsequent high temperature operations. The copper surface is then annealed and the annealing followed by an NH3 plasma treatment which again removes any copper oxides that may be present. The NH3 plasma operation roughens exposed surfaces improving the adhesion of subsequently-formed films such as a dielectric film preferably formed in-situ with the NH3 plasma treatment. The subsequently-formed film is formed over an oxide-free, hillock-free copper surface.
Abstract:
A method for etching a dielectric material in a semiconductor device is disclosed. After providing a conductive region, a dielectric layer is formed over the conductive region. A dielectric antireflective coating (DARC) layer is further formed on the dielectric layer. Then, a moisture-removal step is performed that removes moisture from the DARC layer and from an interface region between the dielectric and the DARC layer. A masking pattern is transferred into the DARC layer and the dielectric layer.
Abstract:
A semiconductor device and method of manufacture thereof having a less free fluorine (F) fluorine containing Silica Glass (FSG) dielectric film formed thereon. The FSG dielectric film includes about 25% or less free F, has a porosity of about 5% or less and has a dielectric constant of about 3.8 or less. A first barrier layer may be disposed between a workpiece and the FSG dielectric film, and a second barrier layer may be disposed between the FSG dielectric film and at least one conductive line formed in the FSG dielectric film. The FSG dielectric film is formed by introducing SiF4:SiH4 at a reaction condition ratio of about 2.5 or less at a pressure of about 3 Torr or less and at an RF of about 500 watts to 5000 watts.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a dielectric layer provides for use of a carbon source material separate from a halogen source material when forming a carbon and halogen doped silicate glass dielectric layer. The use of separate carbon and halogen source materials provides enhanced process latitude when forming the carbon and halogen doped silicate glass dielectric layer. Such a carbon and halogen doped silicate glass dielectric layer having a dielectric constant greater than about 3.0 is particularly useful as an intrinsic planarizing stop layer within a damascene method. A bilayer dielectric layer construction comprising a carbon and halogen doped silicate glass and a carbon doped silicate glass dielectric layer absent halogen doping is useful within a dual damascene method.