公开(公告)号：US07209773B2

公开(公告)日：2007-04-24

申请号：US10872033

申请日：2004-06-18

Applicant: Michael J. Iuliano

Inventor： Michael J. Iuliano

IPC: A61B5/00

CPC classification number: A61B5/1455 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/14546 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0216 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01N21/65

Abstract: An in-vivo blood composition analyzing apparatus and method generates a laser beam at the blood vessels of the patient's eye. The Raman scattered photons from the blood vessels are collected and used to generate a Raman spectrum indicative of the blood composition. In one embodiment, a laser beam is generated with two streams of photons, the photons of one beam being entangled with the photons of the other beam. One stream is then directed at the eye and only the other beam is analyzed to obtain said Raman spectrum. Alternatively, the scattered photons from the second beam are also analyzed and the results are correlated for greater efficiency and accuracy.

Abstract translation: 体内血液成分分析装置和方法在患者眼睛的血管处产生激光束。 收集来自血管的拉曼散射的光子并用于产生指示血液组成的拉曼光谱。 在一个实施例中，用两股光子产生激光束，一束的光子与另一束光束的光子相互缠绕。 然后将一条流引导到眼睛，并且仅分析另一束以获得所述拉曼光谱。 或者，还分析来自第二光束的散射光子，并且将结果相关联以获得更高的效率和准确度。

公开(公告)号：US20070070354A1

公开(公告)日：2007-03-29

申请号：US11518536

申请日：2006-09-07

Applicant: Tien-Hsin Chao ,  Hanying Znod

Inventor： Tien-Hsin Chao ,  Hanying Znod

IPC: G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J3/4531 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/4532

Abstract: An Electro-Optic Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (EOIFTS) for Hyperspectral Imaging is described. The EOIFTS includes an input polarizer, an output polarizer, and a plurality of birefringent phase elements. The relative orientations of the polarizers and birefringent phase elements can be changed mechanically or via a controller, using ferroelectric liquid crystals, to substantially measure the spectral Fourier components of light propagating through the EIOFTS. When achromatic switches are used as an integral part of the birefringent phase elements, the EIOFTS becomes suitable for broadband applications, with over 1 micron infrared bandwidth.

Abstract translation: 描述了用于高光谱成像的电光成像傅里叶变换光谱仪（EOIFTS）。 EOIFTS包括输入偏振器，输出偏振器和多个双折射相位元件。 偏振器和双折射相元件的相对取向可以机械地或通过使用铁电液晶的控制器来改变，以基本上测量通过EIOFTS传播的光的光谱傅立叶分量。 当消色差开关用作双折射相元件的组成部分时，EIOFTS适用于宽带应用，具有超过1微米的红外带宽。

公开(公告)号：US07158231B1

公开(公告)日：2007-01-02

申请号：US10699540

申请日：2003-11-01

Applicant: John A. Woollam ,  Blaine D. Johs ,  Craig M. Herzinger ,  Ping He ,  Martin M. Liphardt ,  Galen L. Pfeiffer

Inventor： John A. Woollam ,  Blaine D. Johs ,  Craig M. Herzinger ,  Ping He ,  Martin M. Liphardt ,  Galen L. Pfeiffer

IPC: G01J4/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/024 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G01N21/211 ,  G01N21/274 ,  G01N2021/213

Abstract: A spectroscopic ellipsometer or polarimeter system having a source of a polychromatic beam of electromagnetic radiation, a polarizer, a stage for supporting a material system, an analyzer, a dispersive optics and a detector system which comprises a multiplicity of detector elements, there being apertures before the stage for supporting a material system, and thereafter, the system being present in an environmental control chamber.

Abstract translation: 具有电磁辐射的多色光束的光谱椭圆计或偏振计系统，偏振器，用于支撑材料系统的台，分析器，分散光学器件和检测器系统，其包括多个检测器元件，其中存在孔 用于支撑材料系统的阶段，此后，系统存在于环境控制室中。

公开(公告)号：US20040257588A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-23

申请号：US10886877

申请日：2004-07-07

Inventor： Andrei V. Shchegrov ,  Anatoly Fabrikant ,  Mehrdad Nikoonahad

IPC: G01B011/24

CPC classification number: H01L22/20 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J4/04 ,  G01N21/211

Abstract: A gallery of seed profiles is constructed and the initial parameter values associated with the profiles are selected using manufacturing process knowledge of semiconductor devices. Manufacturing process knowledge may also be used to select the best seed profile and the best set of initial parameter values as the starting point of an optimization process whereby data associated with parameter values of the profile predicted by a model is compared to measured data in order to arrive at values of the parameters. Film layers over or under the periodic structure may also be taken into account. Different radiation parameters such as the reflectivities Rs, Rp and ellipsometric parameters may be used in measuring the diffracting structures and the associated films. Some of the radiation parameters may be more sensitive to a change in the parameter value of the profile or of the films then other radiation parameters. One or more radiation parameters that are more sensitive to such changes may be selected in the above-described optimization process to arrive at a more accurate measurement. The above-described techniques may be supplied to a track/stepper and etcher to control the lithographic and etching processes in order to compensate for any errors in the profile parameters.

公开(公告)号：US06804428B1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-12

申请号：US10022303

申请日：2001-12-14

Applicant: Mark H. Garrett ,  Jeffrey P. Wilde ,  Pavel G. Polynkin

Inventor： Mark H. Garrett ,  Jeffrey P. Wilde ,  Pavel G. Polynkin

IPC: G02B612

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G02B6/2713 ,  G02B6/2793 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/4215

Abstract: This invention provides a method and apparatus for spectral power monitoring by use of a polarization diversity scheme. In the present invention, a multi-wavelength optical signal is first decomposed into first and second polarization components, and the second polarization component is subsequently rotated by 90-degrees, prior to impinging onto a diffraction grating that provides a higher diffraction efficiency for the first polarization component. The diffraction grating separates the first and second polarization components by wavelength respectively into first and second sets of optical beams, impinging onto an array of optical power sensors. The inventive optical spectral power monitoring apparatus thus is able to minimize the insertion loss, while providing enhanced spectral resolution. Further, by modulating the first and second sets of optical beams prior to impinging onto the optical power sensor array, the present invention enables an optical power spectrum associated with each polarization component in the multi-wavelength optical signal to be separately determined.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种通过使用偏振分集方案进行光谱功率监测的方法和装置。 在本发明中，首先将多波长光信号分解为第一和第二偏振分量，然后在撞击衍射光栅之前第二偏振分量随后旋转90度，该衍射光栅为第一和第二偏振分量提供较高的衍射效率 偏振分量。 衍射光栅将波长的第一和第二偏振分量分别分离成第一和第二组光束，入射到光功率传感器阵列上。 因此，本发明的光谱功率监测装置能够最小化插入损耗，同时提供增强的光谱分辨率。 此外，通过在入射到光功率传感器阵列之前调制第一和第二组光束，本发明使得能够分开地确定与多波长光信号中的每个偏振分量相关联的光功率谱。

公开(公告)号：US06717668B2

公开(公告)日：2004-04-06

申请号：US09800953

申请日：2001-03-07

Applicant: Patrick J. Treado ,  Arjun Bangalore ,  Matthew P. Nelson ,  Christopher T. Zugates

Inventor： Patrick J. Treado ,  Arjun Bangalore ,  Matthew P. Nelson ,  Christopher T. Zugates

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G02B21/365 ,  G01B11/2545 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/447

Abstract: An apparatus incorporated within a spectroscopic imaging system, typically a microscope, but also applicable to other image gathering platforms, namely fiberscopes, macrolens imaging systems and telescopes employing a polarizing beam splitting element is disclosed. The apparatus allows simultaneous spectroscopic (i.e. chemical) imaging and rapid acquisition spectroscopy to be performed without the need for moving mechanical parts or time sequenced sampling and without introducing significant optical signal loss or degradation to the spectroscopic imaging capability. In addition, the apparatus affords a more compact design, an improved angular field of view and an improved overall ruggedness of optical design at a lower manufacturing and maintenance cost compared to previous devices.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种结合在分光成像系统（通常为显微镜）内的装置，但也适用于采用偏振分束元件的其它图像采集平台，即纤维内窥镜，宏观成像系统和望远镜。 该装置允许执行同时分光（即化学）成像和快速采集光谱，而不需要移动机械部件或时间顺序采样，并且不会对光谱成像能力引入显着的光信号损失或劣化。 此外，与先前的设备相比，该设备以更低的制造和维护成本提供更紧凑的设计，改进的角视场和改进的光学设计的整体耐用性。

公开(公告)号：US20040031906A1

公开(公告)日：2004-02-19

申请号：US10258917

申请日：2003-06-10

Inventor： Anthony D Glecker

IPC: H01L027/00

CPC classification number: G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01J3/0256 ,  G01J3/0294 ,  G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/2823 ,  G01J3/2889 ,  G01J3/36 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J4/00 ,  G01J9/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01N21/21 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N21/6408 ,  G01N21/6456 ,  G01N2021/1793 ,  G01N2021/6417 ,  G01N2021/6423 ,  G01S7/481 ,  G01S7/4817 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G04F13/02 ,  G04F13/026 ,  H01J43/00

Abstract: Plural electronic or optical images are provided in a streak optical system, as for instance by use of plural slits instead of the conventional single slit, to obtain a third, fourth, etc. dimensionnullrather than only the conventional two, namely range or time and azimuth. Such additional dimension or dimensions are thereby incorporated into the optical information that is to be streaked and thereby time resolved. The added dimensions may take any of an extremely broad range of forms, including wave-length, polarization state, or one or more spatial dimensionsnullor indeed virtually any optical parameter that can be impressed upon a probe beam. Resulting capabilities remarkably include several new forms of lidar spectroscopy, fluorescence analysis, polarimetry, spectropolarimetry, and combinations of these, as well as a gigahertz wavefront sensor.

Abstract translation: 多个电子或光学图像以条纹光学系统提供，例如通过使用多个狭缝而不是传统的单个狭缝，以获得第三，第四等尺寸，而不是仅传统的两个，即范围或时间 和方位角。 因此，这样的附加尺寸或尺寸被并入要划线的光学信息中，从而被时间分辨。 增加的尺寸可以采取非常宽的形式范围中的任何一种，包括波长，极化状态或一个或多个空间维度，或实际上实际上可以施加到探测光束上的任何光学参数。 所产生的功能显着地包括激光雷达光谱，荧光分析，偏振测量，分光偏振测量及其组合的几种新形式，以及千兆赫兹波前传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06631001B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

申请号：US09372536

申请日：1999-08-11

Applicant: Manami Kuiseko

Inventor： Manami Kuiseko

IPC: G01B902

CPC classification number: G01J3/447 ,  G01J3/0224

Abstract: A spectral image input device has an image forming optical system for forming an image of image light on an image forming surface and a phase difference generating unit disposed anterior to the image forming surface in the direction of image light travel. The phase difference generating unit constitutes, sequentially in the direction of image light travel, a polarizer for transmitting only polarized light in a specific direction, an optical element formed of a solid material having a birefringence, and arranged such that the principal refraction index axis is inclined 45° relative to the polarization angle of the analyzer, the optical element generating a phase difference in accordance with the wavelength of the image light based on the difference in the physical thickness of the optical element in the direction of image light travel and an analyzer for transmitting only the image light of a polarization angle of 90° relative to the direction of the polarized light of the polarizer.

Abstract translation: 光谱图像输入装置具有用于在图像形成表面上形成图像光的图像形成光学系统和在图像光行进方向上设置在图像形成表面之前的相位差产生单元。 相位差生成单元依次在图像光行进方向上构成用于仅透射特定方向的偏振光的偏振器，由具有双折射的固体材料形成的光学元件，并且将主折射率轴为 相对于分析仪的偏振角倾斜45°，光学元件根据图像光行进方向上的光学元件的物理厚度差和图像光行进方向产生与图像光的波长相位差 用于仅透射偏振角相对于偏振片的偏振光的方向成90°的偏振角的图像光。

公开(公告)号：US06624889B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-23

申请号：US10135256

申请日：2002-04-29

Applicant: Shifang Li

Inventor： Shifang Li

IPC: G01J400

CPC classification number: G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/447 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/06

Abstract: An optical channel monitor (OCM) or filter for analyzing an incident light carrying a number of narrow band signal channels such as WDM or DWDM channels. The OCM or filter use an acousto-optic tunable filter to receive and refract from an incident light a refracted light such that the refracted light contains a test channel with a center frequency &ngr;0. A first birefringent element is provided for filtering from the refracted light a first polarized light and a second polarized light orthogonal to the first polarized light. The transmission curves are engineered such that the transmissions of the first and second polarized light are substantially equal at the center frequency &ngr;0 of the test channel. The OCM or filter has a second birefringent element for filtering from the first polarized light a first polarized portion and a second polarized portion. The transmission curves of the second birefringent element are set such that the transmissions of the first and second polarized portions are substantially equal at a first offset &dgr;1&ngr; from the center frequency &ngr;0.

Abstract translation: 用于分析携带许多窄带信号通道（如WDM或DWDM通道）的入射光的光通道监视器（OCM）或滤波器。 OCM或滤波器使用声光可调谐滤波器从入射光接收和折射折射光，使得折射光包含具有中心频率nu0的测试通道。 提供了第一双折射元件，用于从折射光中滤出与第一偏振光正交的第一偏振光和第二偏振光。 传输曲线被设计成使得第一和第二偏振光的传输在测试通道的中心频率nu0处基本相等。 OCM或滤波器具有用于从第一偏振光第一偏振部分和第二偏振部分滤波的第二双折射元件。 第二双折射元件的透射曲线被设定为使得第一和第二偏振部分的透射在与中心频率nu0相距的第一偏移量Δ1nu处基本相等。

公开(公告)号：US06507685B1

公开(公告)日：2003-01-14

申请号：US09961565

申请日：2001-09-20

Applicant: Pavel G. Polynkin ,  Jeffrey P. Wilde

Inventor： Pavel G. Polynkin ,  Jeffrey P. Wilde

IPC: G02B626

CPC classification number: G02B6/4215 ,  G01J3/0224 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/447 ,  G01J2003/2866 ,  G02B6/2713 ,  G02B6/2793 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/4213 ,  G02B6/4225 ,  G02B6/4227

Abstract: This invention provides a novel method and apparatus which use a wavelength-dispersing means such as a diffraction grating to spatially separate a multi-wavelength optical signal along with a reference signal by wavelength into multiple spectral channels and a reference spectral component in a spectral array with a predetermined relative alignment. By aligning the reference spectral component at a predetermined location, the spectral channels simultaneously impinge onto designated locations, e.g., on an array of beam-receiving elements positioned in accordance with the spectral array. The reference spectral component may be further maintained at the predetermined location by way of servo-control, thereby ensuring that the spectral channels stay aligned at the designated locations. The present invention can be used to construct a new line of servo-based optical systems, including spectral power monitors and optical multiplexers/demultiplexers, for WDM optical networking applications.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种新颖的方法和装置，其使用诸如衍射光栅的波长分散装置将多波长光信号与参考信号一起通过波长空间分离成多个光谱通道和光谱阵列中的参考光谱分量， 预定的相对对准。 通过在预定位置对准参考光谱分量，光谱通道同时撞击到指定位置，例如在根据光谱阵列定位的波束接收元件的阵列上。 参考频谱分量可以通过伺服控制进一步保持在预定位置，从而确保频谱信道在指定位置保持对准。 本发明可用于构建用于WDM光网络应用的基于伺服的光学系统的新系列，包括光功率监视器和光复用器/解复用器。