Abstract:
Pyridyl and piperidyl esters of polyalkylphenoxyalkanols having the formula: ##STR1## or a fuel soluble salt thereof, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 3-piperidyl, and 4-piperidyl;R.sub.1 is a polyalkyl group having an average molecular weight in the range of from about 450 to 5,000; andR.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently hydrogen or lower alkyl having from about 1 to 6 carbon atoms.The compounds of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.
Abstract:
This invention concerns the utilization of polymeric compounds generated from Mannich base macromonomers as lubricant oil and fuel additives or intermediates to such additives. Requisite macromonomers are generated via Mannich reaction of high molecular weight alkyl phenols and unsaturated amines. Homopolymers of the Mannich base macromonomers or copolymers with activated unsaturated monomers, such as maleic anhydride, are of particular interest as crankcase dispersants. For example, functionalization of Mannich base macromonomer/maleic anhydride copolymers with amines affords effective crankcase dispersants. Such polymeric dispersants are designed to impart superior sludge protection and improved viscometrics to lubricant oils.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a composition made by reacting A) an aldehyde of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a reactive equivalent thereof; and B) at least one etheramine represented by the formula R.sup.2 �O(CH.sub.2 CH(R)O).sub.n --R.sup.1 --NH.sub.2 !.sub.y(I) wherein each n is a number from 0 to about 50; each R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof; each R.sup.1 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbylene group containing 2 to about 18 carbon atoms and a group represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein both R.sup.6 and R.sup.7 are hydrocarbylene groups of about 3 to about 10 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 4; y is 1, 2, or 3; and each R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having a valence of y and containing 1 to about 50 carbon atoms when y is 1 and 1 to about 18 carbon atoms when y is 2 or 3; y is 1, 2, or 3; provided that when n is zero, y is 1. The reaction product can include a N-substituted perhydro-s-triazine represented by the formula ##STR2## Fuel additives containing these compositions are useful in reducing intake valve deposit and do not contribute to the increase in combustion chamber deposit in port fuel injected engines.
Abstract:
The invention discloses a method of reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in the exhaust streams of internal combustion ignitions wherein a selected producing agent is introduced into the combustion chamber of such an engine via the fuel and/or air feed stream introduced into the combustion chamber. Also disclosed is an apparatus for reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in the exhaust streams of internal combustion engines having a piston-cylinder assembly having an air fuel mixture contained therein, a means for storing a selective reducing agent selected from the group consisting of ammonia, hydrazine and cyanuric acid and a means for introducing the reducing agent into the lean air/fuel mixture before combustion occurs such that upon combustion of the air/fuel mixture, the reducing agent decomposes to react with one or more products of combustion to produce an engine exhaust stream having a reduced concentration of NO.sub.x.
Abstract:
A process for reacting certain carboxylic reactants and at least one aldehyde or ketone with olefinic compounds then reacting the product prepared thereby with ammonia, a hydrazine or an amine, products prepared thereby and, additive concentrates, lubricating oil and fuel compositions.
Abstract:
The invention discloses the use of anthraquinones of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.3 is unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl for marking mineral oils. Also disclosed are the marked mineral oils and a method of detecting the anthraquinones in mineral oils.
Abstract:
Methods for preparing phosphorus containing catalysts comprising a large-pore zeolite, e.g., zeolite Beta, zeolite ZSM-12, or zeolite ZSM-20, and a matrix which have improved attrition resistance. The present invention includes the catalyst compositions produced by the above methods. Also included in the present invention are methods for the use of catalysts prepared by the present method in hydrocarbon cracking processes. It is desired to develop cracking catalysts for organic compound conversion that have improved cracking yields and have good attrition resistance. This invention involves the use of large pore siliceous zeolites and a highly siliceous matrix to produce a cracking catalyst with improved cracking yields and good attrition resistance. The invention further involves the use of phosphorus and the use of selected sequences for combining the compounds in the manufacture of the catalyst to enhance the attrition resistance of the catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention discloses a method of reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in the exhaust streams of internal combustion ignitions wherein a selected producing agent is introduced into the combustion chamber of such an engine via the fuel and/or air feed stream introduced into the combustion chamber. Also disclosed is an apparatus for reducing the concentration of NO.sub.x in the exhaust streams of internal combustion engines having a piston-cylinder assembly having an air fuel mixture contained therein, a means for storing a selective reducing agent selected from the group consisting of ammonia, hydrazine and cyanuric acid and a means for introducing the reducing agent into the lean air/fuel mixture before combustion occurs such that upon combustion of the air/fuel mixture, the reducing agent decomposes to react with one or more products of combustion to produce an engine exhaust stream having a reduced concentration of NO.sub.x.
Abstract:
Heavy diesel fuels, especially those containing sulphur and intended for marine or railroad use, are improved by incorporation therein of a combination of a cyclomatic manganese tricarbonyl and an ashless dispersant and optionally an antioxidant. Diesel fuels so modified show improved combustion characteristics and fuel economy.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to the use of phenyl substituted, five member aromatic amine alkoxylate compounds as additives in fuel compositions. The invention is also directed to the use of these compounds for decreasing intake valve deposits.