Abstract:
A novel low energy process to produce water in oil emulsions in particular water blended fuels by employing a low molecular weight surfactant with an emulsifier package.
Abstract:
A fuel additive iron salt composition effective in improving the operation of diesel engine particulate traps when added to a diesel fuel so as to provide 1-25 ppm iron in the fuel which comprises an oil soluble or oil dispersible neutral or overbased iron salt of an acidic organic compound, 50-99 mole % of the total iron present in the composition being in the ferric form, the balance being the ferrous form.
Abstract:
Platinum group metal fuel additives are effective in fuel environments which make the exclusion of water impractical. The fuels additives comprise a platinum group metal compound and a water-functional composition selected from the group consisting of lipophilic emulsifiers, lipophilic organic compounds in which water is miscible and mixtures of these. The additives are preferably effective in fuel compositions having water contents of at least about 0.01% water by weight.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method employing a fuel additive to improve the operation of a pass-through oxidation catalyst over long periods of time with continued catalytic activity and without the undesirable conversion of SO.sub.2 to SO.sub.3. A pass-through catalyst support is continuously, selectively catalyzed by the combustion of a fuel containing a platinum group metal composition which burns to release the catalyst metal in active form. The effectiveness of the process is attributed to improved combustion in the engine by the catalyst and the treatment of the catalytic oxidizer with active catalyst metal released during combustion such that, in the exhaust system, the soluble organic fraction of the particulates and the levels of gaseous unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are significantly reduced. The catalysts conditioned by the present invention cause minimal conversion of SO.sub.2 to SO.sub.3. The platinum group metal compositions soluble or dispersible in the diesel fuel and are added in amounts effective to provide concentrations of the metal in the fuel of less than 1 part per million (ppm).
Abstract:
AN ACTIVATED MANGANESE CONTAINING ADDITIVE COMPOSITION FOR FUELS FOR RETARDING THE CORROSIVENESS OF THE ASH AND THE ASH SLAG BUILDUP OF SUCH FUELS UPON COMBUSTION, SUCH FUELS INCLUDING VANADIUM CONTAINING FUELS AND ALKALI, SULFUR AND IRON CONTAINING COALS. THE SAID ADDITIVE COMPOSITION COMPRISES A PREPARATION OF A MANGANESE COMPOUND PREFERABLY AND A METAL SALT OF AN ALKYL-ARYL SULFONATE BROUGHT TO A PARTICLE SIZE IN THE RANGE OF 0.25 TO 20 MICRONS.
Abstract:
Turbine and diesel fuel composition comprising a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons in the middle distillate, kerosene or gasoline boiling ranges containing Tall Oil Fatty Acid in an amount effective to provide a fuel having a high level of antiwear, water separation and thermal stability properties and a method for operating a turbine or diesel engine.