Abstract:
Wax crystal modifiers for fuel oils are derived from ethylene-alpha olefin polymers with terminal unsaturation, preferably obtained by polymerization in the presence of a metallocene catalyst, optionally together with other cold flow improvers.
Abstract:
A method of defoaming diesel fuel by adding an organofunctionally modified polysiloxane of the general Formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 are alkyl groups with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or aryl groups with the proviso that at least 80% of the R.sup.1 groups are methyl groups,R.sup.2 are the same or different in the molecule30 to 90% of R.sup.2 having the same meaning as R.sup.1, and70 to 10% of R.sup.2 consisting of a mixture of R.sup.2A and R.sup.2B groups which differ in polarity,is described. The inventive polysiloxane is added in an amount of 0.5 to 50 ppm, based on the diesel fuel.
Abstract:
This invention provides hydrocarbon oil compositions comprising a major amount of a hydrocarbon oil and, as active ingredients, minor amounts of a copolymer of at least one n-(C.sub.8 -C.sub.40 -alkyl) (meth)acrylate with maleic anhydride, and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a homopolymer or copolymer derived from an unsaturated hydrocarbon monomer, an ester and a wax anti-settling additive; additive concentrates containing the active ingredients and use of the latter in improving the cold flow properties of hydrocarbon oils.
Abstract:
The present invention improves the low temperature flow property of a fuel oil having a boiling point of 120.degree.-150.degree. C. by adding a novel compound prepared by reacting pri-, sec- or tert-aliphatic amine containing alkyl group of 1-30 carbon atoms with 9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-endo-.alpha.,.beta.-succinic acid or anhydride thereof together with a polymer having ethylene structure and/or a terpolymer of dialkyl fumarate-vinyl ester-vinyl ether.
Abstract:
Polymer of number average molecular weight 1,000 to 20,000 containing the repeating units (I) (II) or (III) (II) have been found useful as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels particularly in combination with other additives. ##STR1##
Abstract:
Compositions comprising an ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer, an ethylene-unsaturated ester copolymer, and a comb polymer improve the low temperature properties of fuel oils, especially high wax content oils.
Abstract:
A liquid hydrocarbon particularly fuel oil containing an amine-salt having the formula ##STR1## wherein R, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are hydrogen or a hydrogen - and carbon-containing group;R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are hydrogen or hydrogen - and carbon containing groups containing at least 12 carbon atom;R.sup.5 is a hyrdrogen-and carbon-containing group containing at least 12 carbon atoms;X is --OR.sup.6, NR.sup.7 R.sup.8 or [--O].sup.-+ [NHR.sup.9 R.sup.10 R.sup.11 ] and Y is --OR.sup.12, NR.sup.13 R.sup.14 or [--O].sup.-+ [NHR.sup.15 R.sup.16 R.sup.17 ]where R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8, R.sup.9, R.sup.10, R.sup.13, R.sup.14, R.sup.15 and R.sup.16 are hydrogen or hydrogen and carbon containing groups, and R.sup.11 and R.sup.17 are hydrogen - and carbon containing groups; provided that R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 cannot all be alkyl groups.
Abstract:
A hydrocarbon oil composition comprising a paraffinic hydrocarbon oil and as an additive, at least one linear polymer of carbon monoxide with one or more .alpha.-olefins having at least 10 carbon atoms per molecule said polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins is disclosed. Optionally, the composition may also contain one or more C.sub.9+ or less olefin polymer comprising of substantially alternating monomer units of carbon monoxide and olefins. This composition has and exhibits improved pour point, cloud point, and cold filter plugging point properties. These polymer additives are novel compounds, and a process for their synthesis is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Additives suitable for improving the flow and/or depressing the cloud point of crude oils, lubricating oils and especially fuel oils are polymers containing defined alkyl groups of at least 8 carbon atoms chain length. Such polymers are either (a) of a mixture of monomers having only two alkyl groups being at least 3 carbon atoms longer than the other or (b) of a mixture of monomers having only three alkyl groups each differing by at least 3 carbon atoms and the middle alkyl group being half the combined length of the other two. Alternatively, the polymer may be derived from a monomer having the two defined alkyl groups (a) or the three defined alkyl groups (b).
Abstract:
Copolymers consisting of 95 to 50 weight percent of ethylene and 5 to 50 weight percent of methoxyacetic acid vinyl ester and having a molecular mass from 500 to 10,000 g.times.mole.sup.-1. Methods for preparation and use are also disclosed. The copolymers are used as flow improvers for mineral oil distillates, in particular mineral oil middle distillates.