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    Chemical compositions and their use as fuel additives
    63.
    发明授权
    Chemical compositions and their use as fuel additives 失效
    化学成分及其作为燃料添加剂的用途

    公开(公告)号：US5578091A

    公开(公告)日：1996-11-26

    申请号：US937906

    申请日：1992-10-13

    Applicant: Graham Jackson ,  Rodger F. Andrews

    Inventor： Graham Jackson ,  Rodger F. Andrews

    IPC: C10L1/22 ,  C07C233/65 ,  C07C233/89 ,  C07C235/46 ,  C07C235/60 ,  C07C309/58 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10L1/24

    CPC classification number: C10L1/188 ,  C07C233/65 ,  C07C235/46 ,  C07C235/60 ,  C07C309/58 ,  C10L1/143 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/1641 ,  C10L1/165 ,  C10L1/1658 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1883 ,  C10L1/1895 ,  C10L1/1955 ,  C10L1/1963 ,  C10L1/1966 ,  C10L1/1973 ,  C10L1/2222 ,  C10L1/2225 ,  C10L1/232 ,  C10L1/2383 ,  C10L1/2387 ,  C10L1/2443 ,  C10L1/2475

    Abstract: Compounds of general formula (I) wherein X and Y are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of SO.sub.3 (--), --CO--, --C(O)O(--), --R.sup.4 --C(O)O--, --NR.sup.3 C(O)--, --R.sup.4 O--, --R.sup.4 --C(O)O--, --R.sup.4 -- and --NC(O)--, R.sup.4 being --(CH.sub.2).sub.m -- where m is from 0 to 5 and R.sup.3 is defined below; X.sup.1 and Y.sup.1 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of (a), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy alkyl or polyalkoxyalkyl groups that contain at least 10 carbon atoms in their main chain, and R.sup.3 being a hydrocarbyl group, each R.sup.3 in a compound of formula (I) being the same of different; A is, together with the carbon atoms with which it constitutes the ring structure in formula (I), an aromatic, non-aromatic, or aliphatic group, where any of such groups can be mono- or polycyclic and/or can include one or more hetero atoms selected from nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen; and Z is selected from nitro, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, carboxy acid and carboxy ester, and their use as low temperature flow improvers for distillate fuels.

    Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB91 / 00623 Sec。 371日期：1992年10月13日 102（e）日期1992年10月13日PCT 1991年4月19日PCT PCT。 No.W091 / 16297 PCT出版物 （I）通式（I）的化合物，其中X和Y相同或不同，并且选自SO 3（ - ）， - CO - ， - C（O） O（ - ），-R4-C（O）O-，-NR3C（O） - ，-R4O-，-R4-C（O）O-，-R4-和-NC（O） （CH 2）m - ，其中m为0至5，并且R 3定义如下; X1和Y1相同或不同，并且选自（a），R 1和R 2独立地选自在其主链中含有至少10个碳原子的烷基，烷氧基烷基或聚烷氧基烷基， 并且R 3是烃基，式（I）化合物中的每个R 3是不同的; 与式（I）中其构成环结构的碳原子一起是芳族，非芳族或脂族基团，其中任何这些基团可以是单环或多环的，和/或可以包括一个或多个 更多的选自氮，硫和氧的杂原子; Z选自硝基，羟基，烷基，烷氧基，羧酸和羧基酯，它们用作馏出燃料的低温流动改进剂。

    Chemical clean combustion promoter compositions for liquid fuels used in compression ignition engines and spark ignition engines
    65.
    发明授权
    Chemical clean combustion promoter compositions for liquid fuels used in compression ignition engines and spark ignition engines 失效
    用于压燃式发动机和火花点火发动机的液体燃料的化学清洁助燃剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US5433756A

    公开(公告)日：1995-07-18

    申请号：US199948

    申请日：1994-02-22

    Applicant: Frank Gonzalez

    Inventor： Frank Gonzalez

    IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L10/00 ,  F02B3/06

    CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C10L10/02 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/10 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/231 ,  F02B3/06

    Abstract: Catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compositions for use with finished gasoline or diesel fuels in compression ignition engines and spark ignition engines improve fuel efficiency and reduce air polluting emissions. The compositions utilize ketones as solvents, alcohols as cosolvents, nitroparaffin compounds as combustion supporters, and, to promote the chemical reactions, a catalytic medium is used. When the additive compositions are employed in microvolumetric concentrations ranging from 670 to 1,350 parts per million by volume of engine fuel, the chemical bonding of the carbon molecules with the oxygen molecules is increased during the combustion process, thus, producing a synergistic effect, which increases the combustion characteristic of the fuels to be burned and reduces the tendency of the fuel to create deposits, and therefore reduces the CO.sub.2 and NO.sub.X emissions, and increases the fuel economy. Engines operating with the present compositions added to the fuel do not require the use of fuels with a high cetane or octane number for maximum performance. The present chemical clean-combustion-promoter compounds meet the standards of the EPA "Clean Air Act" as amended in 1990 for emissions from liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

    Abstract translation: 用于压燃式发动机和火花点火发动机的成品汽油或柴油燃料的催化清洁助燃剂组合物提高燃料效率并减少空气污染排放。 组合物使用酮作为溶剂，醇作为共溶剂，硝基石蜡化合物作为燃烧载体，并且为了促进化学反应，使用催化介质。 当添加剂组合物以体积浓度为670至1350ppm的发动机燃料的微量浓度使用时，在燃烧过程中碳分子与氧分子的化学键合增加，从而产生协同效应，其增加 要燃烧的燃料的燃烧特性，并降低燃料产生沉积物的倾向，从而减少二氧化碳和氮氧化物的排放，并提高燃料经济性。 以本添加到燃料中的组合物运行的发动机不需要使用具有高十六烷值或辛烷值的燃料以获得最大性能。 目前的化学清洁助燃剂化合物符合1990年修订的EPA“清洁空气法案”中关于液体碳氢燃料排放的标准。

    Polyalkyl nitro and amino aromatic esters and fuel compositions containing the same
    66.
    发明授权
    Polyalkyl nitro and amino aromatic esters and fuel compositions containing the same 失效
    聚烷基硝基和氨基芳香酯和含有它们的燃料组合物

    公开(公告)号：US5380345A

    公开(公告)日：1995-01-10

    申请号：US162416

    申请日：1993-12-03

    Applicant: Richard E. Cherpeck

    Inventor： Richard E. Cherpeck

    IPC: C07C205/56 ,  C07C205/57 ,  C07C229/42 ,  C07C229/54 ,  C08F8/30 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/23 ,  C10L1/238

    CPC classification number: C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/238

    Abstract: Polyalkyl nitro and amino aromatic esters having the formula: ##STR1## wherein A.sub.1 is nitro, amino, N-alkylamino wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or N,N-dialkylamino wherein each alkyl group independently contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, hydroxy, lower alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or lower alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is a polyalkyl group having a weight average molecular weight in the range of about 450 to 5,000; and x is an integer from 0 to 10.The polyalkyl nitro and amino aromatic esters of formula I are useful as fuel additives for the prevention and control of engine deposits.

    Abstract translation: 具有下式的聚烷基硝基和氨基芳香酯：其中A1是硝基，氨基，其中烷基含有1至6个碳原子的N-烷基氨基或N，N-二烷基氨基，其中每个烷基独立地包含1 至6个碳原子; R 1和R 2独立地是氢，羟基，具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷基或具有1至6个碳原子的低级烷氧基; R3是重均分子量在约450至5,000范围内的聚烷基; 并且x是0至10的整数。式I的多烷基硝基和氨基芳族酯可用作预防和控制发动机沉积物的燃料添加剂。

    Catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compositions for liquid hydrocarbon fuels used in internal combustion engines
    67.
    发明授权
    Catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compositions for liquid hydrocarbon fuels used in internal combustion engines 失效
    用于内燃机中的液体烃燃料的催化清洁助燃剂组合物

    公开(公告)号：US5316558A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-31

    申请号：US932063

    申请日：1992-08-19

    Applicant: Frank Gonzalez

    Inventor： Frank Gonzalez

    IPC: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L10/00 ,  F02B3/06

    CPC classification number: C10L10/02 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L10/04 ,  C10L10/06 ,  C10L10/10 ,  C10L10/12 ,  C10L1/1616 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/231 ,  F02B3/06

    Abstract: Petroleum derived fuel compositions of improved efficiency for use with finished gasoline and diesel fuels in compression ignition engines and spark ignition engines include a catalytic clean-combustion-promoter composition to improve fuel efficiency and reduce their air polluting effects. The catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compositions utilize ketones as solvents, alcohols as cosolvents, ethers as octane supporters, nitroparaffin compounds as combustion supporters, and, to promote the chemical reactions a catalytic medium is used in combination with aromatic amines. When all the compounds are combined in the recited quantities, the molecular structure and surface tension of the fuel is transformed through chemical bonding to produce a synergistic effect, which increases the combustion characteristic of the fuels to be burned and reduces the tendency of the fuel to create deposits, and therefore reduces the exhaust emissions. Engines operating with the catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compositions added to the fuel do not require the use of fuels with a high cetane or octane number for maximum performance. Such compositions may be employed in micro-amount ranging from 400 to 2,500 parts per million relative to the volume of the basic liquid of engine fuel. The present catalytic clean-combustion-promoter compounds meet the standards of the EPA "Clean Air Act" as amended in 1990.

    Abstract translation: 用于压燃式发动机和火花点火发动机的成品汽油和柴油燃料使用的提高效率的石油衍生燃料组合物包括提高燃料效率并降低其空气污染效应的催化清洁助燃剂组合物。 催化清洁助燃剂组合物使用酮作为溶剂，醇作为助溶剂，作为辛烷撑子的醚，作为燃烧载体的硝基石蜡化合物，以及为了促进化学反应，将催化介质与芳族胺组合使用。 当所有化合物以所述量组合时，通过化学键合转化燃料的分子结构和表面张力以产生协同效应，这增加燃烧燃料的燃烧特性并降低燃料的趋势 造成沉积物，从而减少废气排放。 加入到燃料中的催化清洁助燃剂组合物运行的发动机不需要使用具有高十六烷值或辛烷值的燃料以达到最佳性能。 相对于发动机燃料的碱性液体的体积，这种组合物可以以400至2500份/百万的微量使用。 本催化清洁助燃剂化合物符合1990年修订的EPA“清洁空气法案”的标准。

    Process for improving olefin etherification catalyst life
    68.
    发明授权
    Process for improving olefin etherification catalyst life 失效
    改进烯烃醚化催化剂寿命的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5300126A

    公开(公告)日：1994-04-05

    申请号：US963955

    申请日：1992-10-19

    Applicant: Stephen H. Brown ,  Quang N. Le ,  Lawrence B. Alemany

    Inventor： Stephen H. Brown ,  Quang N. Le ,  Lawrence B. Alemany

    IPC: C07C51/347 ,  C07C51/567 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/16 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/188 ,  C10L1/20 ,  C10L1/22 ,  C10L1/24

    CPC classification number: C10L1/1883 ,  C07C51/347 ,  C07C51/567 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/18 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/1852 ,  C10L1/1857 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/19 ,  C10L1/1905 ,  C10L1/201 ,  C10L1/204 ,  C10L1/205 ,  C10L1/224 ,  C10L1/2286 ,  C10L1/231 ,  C10L1/2437 ,  C10L1/245

    Abstract: A method is disclosed for the pretreatment of olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock to remove conjugated dienes and/or basic nitrogen compounds that deactivate acidic catalyst particles used in olefin conversion processes by reacting the dienes with one or more dienophiles to form the corresponding Diels-Alder adduct, followed by catalytic conversion of the olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock containing the adduct. The formation of the Diels-Alder adduct essentially eliminates the role of dienes in the feedstock as catalyst deactivating agents. When maleic anhydride (MA) is employed as the dienophile, basic nitrogen reacts with maleic anhydride, or with the tetrahydrophthalic anhydride adduct, to lower the amount of catalyst deactivating basic nitrogen compounds in the feedstock. Where the olefin conversion process comprises etherification of isoolefins with alkanol in a C.sub.4 + or C.sub.5 + olefinic hydrocarbon feedstream to produce a gasoline boiling range product enriched in oxygen and rich in high octane value alkyl tertiary alkyl ethers, it has been discovered that the adduct, particularly those adducts formed with MA, is in the gasoline boiling range and contributes usefully to the oxygen enrichment of the gasoline and to octane value.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于预处理烯烃原料以除去共轭二烯和/或碱性氮化合物的方法，其通过使二烯与一种或多种亲双烯体反应形成相应的狄尔斯 - 阿尔德加合物，使烯烃转化过程中使用的酸性催化剂颗粒失活，随后 通过催化转化含有加合物的烯烃原料。 Diels-Alder加合物的形成基本上消除了二烯在原料中作为催化剂失活剂的作用。 当使用马来酸酐（MA）作为亲二烯体时，碱性氮与马来酸酐或四氢邻苯二甲酸酐加合物反应，以降低原料中催化剂失活碱性氮化合物的量。 当烯烃转化方法包括在C4 +或C5 +烯烃原料流中异构烯烃与烷醇的醚化以产生富含氧并富含高辛烷值烷基叔烷基醚的汽油沸程产物时，已经发现加合物，特别是那些 与MA形成的加合物处于汽油沸点范围内，有助于汽油的富氧和辛烷值。

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