公开(公告)号：US20180113291A1

公开(公告)日：2018-04-26

申请号：US15729016

申请日：2017-10-10

Applicant: OLYMPUS CORPORATION

Inventor： Hirokazu KUBO

IPC: G02B21/00 ,  G01J1/44 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01L31/024 ,  H01L31/0352

CPC classification number: G02B21/0064 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G02B21/0048 ,  G02B21/0076 ,  G02B21/008 ,  G02B27/141 ,  H01L31/024 ,  H01L31/035227 ,  H01L31/09 ,  H01L39/14

Abstract: Provided is a laser microscope that includes a beam-scanning unit that scans a sample with a laser beam emitted from a laser light source; two or more photodetectors each formed of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector that detects a beam returning from the sample as a result of the scanning of the laser beam by the beam-scanning unit; and one cryocooler that cools the photodetectors. The photodetectors respectively detect beams that have passed through different channels.

公开(公告)号：US20180013016A1

公开(公告)日：2018-01-11

申请号：US15436372

申请日：2017-02-17

Applicant: Dirk Robert ENGLUND

Inventor： Dirk Robert ENGLUND

IPC: H01L31/0232 ,  H01L31/0304

CPC classification number: H01L31/02327 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G02F1/3515 ,  G02F1/353 ,  H01L31/02325 ,  H01L31/03044 ,  H01L31/03048 ,  H04B10/70

Abstract: A single photon detector (SPD) includes a resonator to store probe photons at a probe wavelength and an absorber disposed in the resonator to absorb a signal photon at a signal wavelength. The absorber is also substantially transparent to the probe photons. In the absence of the signal photon, the resonator is on resonance with the probe photons, thereby confining the probe photons within the resonator. Absorption of the signal photon by the absorber disturbs the resonant condition of the resonator, causing the resonator to release multiple probe photons. A photodetector (PD) then detects these multiple probe photons to determine the presence of the signal photon.

公开(公告)号：US20170269240A1

公开(公告)日：2017-09-21

申请号：US15613998

申请日：2017-06-05

Applicant: General Electric Company

Inventor： Arie Shahar ,  Mark David Fries ,  Yaron Glazer ,  Avishai Ofan

IPC: G01T7/00 ,  G01T1/24

CPC classification number: G01T7/005 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01T1/249 ,  G01T1/2928

Abstract: A radiation detector assembly is provided that includes a semiconductor detector having a surface, plural pixelated anodes, and at least one processor. The pixelated anodes are disposed on the surface. Each pixelated anode is configured to generate a primary signal responsive to reception of a photon by the pixelated anode and to generate at least one secondary signal responsive to an induced charge caused by reception of a photon by at least one adjacent anode. The at least one processor is operably coupled to the pixelated anodes. The at least one processor configured to define sub-pixels for each pixelated anode; acquire signals corresponding to acquisition events from the pixelated anodes; determine sub-pixel locations for the acquisition events using the signals; and apply at least one calibration parameter on a per sub-pixel basis for the acquisition events based on the determined sub-pixel locations.

公开(公告)号：US20170131143A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-11

申请号：US15318373

申请日：2014-07-02

Applicant: Andreas G. ANDREOU ,  Joseph H. LIN ,  Philippe O. POULIQUEN ,  Charbel G. RIZK ,  The Johns Hopkins University

Inventor： Andreas G. Andreou ,  Joseph H. Lin ,  Philippe O. Pouliquen ,  Charbel G. Rizk

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  H01L31/02 ,  H01L31/0352 ,  H01L31/107

CPC classification number: G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/4406 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2001/4466 ,  G01J2001/448 ,  H01L31/02027 ,  H01L31/035272 ,  H01L31/107

Abstract: A photodetection circuit includes an avalanche photodiode and a mode switching circuit that may be configured to selectively switch an operating mode of the photodetection circuit between linear mode and Geiger mode. The photodetection circuit may further include a quenching circuit configured to quench and reset the avalanche photodiode in response to an avalanche event when the photodetection circuit is operated in Geiger mode. The photodetection circuit may additionally include an integration circuit configured to integrate photocurrent output by the photodiode and generate integrated charge units when the photodetection circuit is operated in linear mode. The photodetection circuit may also include a counter configured to count pulses output by the avalanche photodiode when the photodetection circuit is operated in Geiger mode and to count integrated charge units generated by the integration circuit when the photodetection circuit is operated in linear mode.

公开(公告)号：US20170092834A1

公开(公告)日：2017-03-30

申请号：US15279008

申请日：2016-09-28

Applicant: RAYTHEON BBN TECHNOLOGIES CORP.

Inventor： Kin Chung Fong ,  Thomas A. Ohki

IPC: H01L39/22 ,  G01J1/44

CPC classification number: H01L39/223 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2001/4446 ,  H01L29/1606

Abstract: A detector for detecting single photons of infrared radiation or longer wavelength electromagnetic radiation. In one embodiment a waveguide configured to transmit infrared radiation is arranged to be adjacent a graphene sheet and configured so that evanescent waves from the waveguide overlap the graphene sheet. In other embodiments a transmission line or antenna is coupled to the graphene sheet and guides longer-wavelength photons to the graphene sheet. A photon absorbed by the graphene sheet heats the graphene sheet. Part of the graphene sheet is part of the Josephson junction as the weak link, and a constant bias current is driven through the Josephson junction; an increase in the temperature of the graphene sheet results in a decrease in the critical current of the Josephson junction and a voltage pulse in the voltage across the Josephson junction. The voltage pulse is detected by the pulse detector.

公开(公告)号：US20160377230A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-29

申请号：US15189426

申请日：2016-06-22

Applicant: ID QUANTIQUE SA

Inventor： Sylvain Chuard ,  Félix Bussieres ,  Boris Korzh

IPC: F17C13/00

CPC classification number: F17C13/00 ,  F17C2203/00 ,  F17C2205/00 ,  F25D19/006 ,  F25D2400/28 ,  F25D2400/30 ,  F25D2400/40 ,  G01J1/0252 ,  G01J5/061 ,  G01J2001/442

Abstract: Cryogenic device comprising at least two chambers at two different temperatures, a first chamber at a first temperature T1 accommodating a sample, and a second chamber at a second temperature T2 greater than T1 and being adapted to accommodate a cooling device, said cooling device being adapted to cool wirelines connecting said sample to an external element detector, wherein said cooling device is an IMS thermalization plate comprising at least one wire-guide having an input for plugging a wire line connected to the sample and an output for plugging a wire line connected to said external element, said wire-guide being thermally connected to the first chamber.

Abstract translation: 低温装置包括在两个不同温度下的至少两个腔室，在容纳样品的第一温度T1的第一腔室和大于T1的第二温度T2的第二腔室，并适于容纳冷却装置，所述冷却装置适于 冷却将所述样品连接到外部元件检测器的电线，其中所述冷却装置是IMS热化板，其包括至少一个导线器，所述导线器具有用于插入连接到所述样品的导线的输入端和用于插入连接到所述样品的导线的输出端 所述外部元件，所述线引导件热连接到第一腔室。

公开(公告)号：US20160372622A1

公开(公告)日：2016-12-22

申请号：US15242381

申请日：2016-08-19

Applicant: RAYTHEON BBN TECHNOLOGIES CORP.

Inventor： Kin Chung Fong ,  Thomas A. Ohki

IPC: H01L31/109 ,  H01L39/22 ,  H01L31/0304 ,  G01J1/44

CPC classification number: H01L31/109 ,  G01J1/42 ,  G01J1/4257 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G01J5/20 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2001/4446 ,  H01L29/1606 ,  H01L31/03044 ,  H01L39/223

Abstract: A detector for detecting single photons of infrared radiation. In one embodiment a waveguide configured to transmit infrared radiation is arranged to be adjacent a graphene sheet and configured so that evanescent waves from the waveguide overlap the graphene sheet. In some embodiments the waveguide is omitted and infrared light propagating in free space illuminates the graphene sheet directly. A photon absorbed by the graphene sheet from the evanescent waves heats the graphene sheet. The graphene sheet is coupled to the weak link of a Josephson junction, and a constant bias current is driven through the Josephson junction, so that an increase in the temperature of the graphene sheet results in a decrease in the critical current of the Josephson junction and a voltage pulse in the voltage across the Josephson junction. The voltage pulse is detected by the pulse detector.

Abstract translation: 用于检测单个光子的红外辐射的检测器。 在一个实施例中，配置成透射红外辐射的波导被布置成与石墨烯片相邻并且被配置为使得来自波导的消逝波与石墨烯片重叠。 在一些实施例中，波导被省略，并且在自由空间中传播的红外光直接照射石墨烯片。 石墨烯片从ev逝波吸收的光子加热石墨烯片。 石墨烯片被耦合到约瑟夫逊结的弱连接处，并且通过约瑟夫逊结驱动恒定的偏置电流，使得石墨烯片的温度升高导致约瑟夫逊结的临界电流的降低，并且 在约瑟夫逊结的电压中的电压脉冲。 电压脉冲由脉冲检测器检测。

公开(公告)号：US20160003672A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

申请号：US14801863

申请日：2015-07-17

Applicant: VARUN VERMA ,  FRANCESCO MARSILL ,  NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： SAE WOO NAM ,  JEFFREY STERN ,  VAUN VERMA ,  FRANCESCO MARSILI

IPC: G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/42

CPC classification number: G01J1/44 ,  G01J1/4228 ,  G01J2001/442

Abstract: An multiplexer includes: a plurality of single photon detectors arranged in a two-dimensional array; a plurality of first bias lines in electrical communication with the single photon detectors; a plurality of second bias lines in electrical communication with the single photon detectors; a plurality of first readout lines in electrical communication with the single photon detectors; and a plurality of second readout lines in electrical communication with the single photon detectors, wherein, for every single photon detector, the first bias line is in electrical communication with the first readout line in a first common line, and for every single photon detector, the second bias line is in electrical communication with the second readout line in a second common line such that the multiplexer is configured for resistive current splitting.

Abstract translation: 多路复用器包括：以二维阵列布置的多个单光子检测器; 与单个光子检测器电连通的多个第一偏置线; 与单个光子检测器电连通的多个第二偏置线; 与单个光子检测器电连通的多个第一读出线; 以及与单个光子检测器电连通的多个第二读出线，其中，对于每个单个光子检测器，第一偏置线与第一公共线中的第一读出线电连通，并且对于每个单个光子检测器， 第二偏置线在第二公共线中与第二读出线电连通，使得多路复用器被配置用于电阻分流。

公开(公告)号：US20160003671A1

公开(公告)日：2016-01-07

申请号：US14767911

申请日：2014-02-18

Applicant: AREVA NC

Inventor： Jean-Marc FONTBONNE ,  Jean COLIN ,  Cathy FONTBONNE ,  Jacky.Allee JEHANNO

IPC: G01J1/44

CPC classification number: G01J1/44 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01J2001/4466 ,  G01T1/248 ,  G01T1/40

Abstract: A method for controlling the gain and zero of a multiple pixel photon counter device, and light-measuring system implementing said method.Signals provided by the device are acquired for predefined periods, until a predefined total measurement time is reached, an amplitude histogram is formed from the acquired signals, the positions of two consecutive peaks, measurable on the histogram, are determined, an error signal is produced, which is equal to the deviation between both peaks and, by means of the same, the voltage supplying the device is regulated, so as to keep the deviation equal to a predefined set point.

Abstract translation: 一种用于控制多像素光子计数器装置的增益和零的方法以及实现所述方法的光测量系统。 由设备提供的信号在预定义的时间段内获取，直到达到预定义的总测量时间，从所获取的信号形成幅度直方图，确定在直方图上可测量的两个连续峰值的位置，产生误差信号 ，其等于两个峰之间的偏差，并且通过相同的方式调节提供该装置的电压，以便使偏差等于预定的设定点。

公开(公告)号：US09171985B2

公开(公告)日：2015-10-27

申请号：US14066771

申请日：2013-10-30

Applicant: STMicroelectronics (Research & Development) Limited ,  The University Court of the University of Edinburgh

Inventor： Neale Dutton ,  Robert K. Henderson

IPC: H01L31/107 ,  H01L27/146 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S17/89 ,  G01S7/486 ,  G01J1/44 ,  H04N5/3745

CPC classification number: H01L31/107 ,  G01J2001/442 ,  G01S7/4863 ,  G01S7/4865 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S17/89 ,  H01L27/14601 ,  H04N5/37452

Abstract: A pixel circuit includes a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) and a measurement circuit including a capacitance. The SPAD detects an incident photon and the measurement circuit discharges the capacitance at a known rate during a discharge time period. The length of the discharge time period is determined by the time of detection of the photon, such that the final amount of charge on the capacitance corresponds to the time of flight of the photon. The pixel circuit may be included in a time resolved imaging apparatus. A method of measuring the time of flight of a photon includes responding to an incident photon detection by discharging a capacitance at a known rate and correlating final capacitance charge to time of flight.

Abstract translation: 像素电路包括单光子雪崩二极管（SPAD）和包括电容的测量电路。 SPAD检测入射光子，并且测量电路在放电时间段内以已知的速率放电电容。 放电时间的长度由光子的检测时间确定，使得电容上的最终电荷量对应于光子的飞行时间。 像素电路可以包括在时间分辨成像装置中。 测量光子飞行时间的方法包括通过以已知速率放电电容来响应入射光子检测，并将最终电容电荷与飞行时间相关联。