Abstract:
Vinyl pyrrolidinone capped phosphorodithioates have been found to be effective multifunctional antiwear/antioxidant additives for lubricants.
Abstract:
Dialkanol- and trialkanol amine-derived thioesters have been found to be effective multifunctional antiwear additives for lubricants and fuels.
Abstract:
Novel dimer esters and polyesters derived from and adduct of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride and O,O-dialkyldithiophosphoric acid have been produced. These dimer esters and polyesters are useful extreme pressure agents, antiwear agents and oxidation inhibitors as well as friction modifying agents for functional fluids used in motorized vehicles.
Abstract:
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel is described. The fuel composition comprises a major amount of a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a minor, property improving amount of(A) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal-containing composition, and(B) at least one hydrocarbon-soluble ashless dispersant.When a mixture of the metal-containing composition (A) and the ashless dispersant (B) are incorporated into gasolines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per liter of fuel, the treated fuel exhibits improved stability and water tolerance, and when the unleaded or low lead-containing fuels of the present invention are utilized in internal combustion engines, there is a significant reduction in valve seat recession. Methods of reducing valve seat recession in internal combustion engines utilizing lead free or low lead-containing fuels also are described.
Abstract:
Thixotropic magnesium-containing complexes are prepared by heating a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, hydrated magnesium oxide or a magnesium alkoxide; a carboxylic acid, a mixture thereof with a sulfonic or pentavalent phosphorus acid, or an ester or salt of either of these; water (optional under certain conditions); and an organic solubilizing agent (which may be liquid or solid at ambient temperature) for the acid or ester. The amount of magnesium is such as to provide a basic composition. The resulting complexes may be obtained in liquid or solid form, and are useful as additives for lubricants and fuels and as protective coating compositions for metal surfaces (such as automotive undercoats and frame coatings).
Abstract:
Novel esters of dithiophosphoric acid and secondary alcohols having two beta quaternary carbon atoms, and salts of such esters suitable as additives in oil compositions are disclosed.
Abstract:
An additive package particularly useful for use in internal combustion engine lubricating oils comprises from 30 to 80 wt. percent of a nitrogen-containing dispersant made by reaction of an alkylene polyamine with a mono- or dicarboxylic acid or anhydride substituted with a C50-C250 essentially hydrocarbon chain, 3.0 to 30 wt. percent of an antiwear agent prepared by reacting a terpene, petroleum fraction or 500-20,000 molecular weight C2-C6 polymer with a phosphorus sulfide, and 3.0 to 30 wt. percent of a phosphothionyl disulfide of a C1-C18 alkyl phenol as an antioxidant.
Abstract:
1. A PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CITRIC ACID, OR ITS SALTS FROM HYDROCARBONS BY FERMENTATION USSING YEAST WHICH COMPRISES FERMENTING AN AQUEOUS NUTRIENT MEDIUM WITH A YEAST, SAID MEDIUM COMPRISING A N-PARAFFIN HAVING ABOUT 9 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS IN THE PRESENCE OF A DECOUPLING CHEMICAL CAPABLE OF SUPRESSING THE ODIXATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION WITHOUT AFFECTING THE ELECTRON-TRANSPORT SYSTEM OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE YEAST, SAID YEAST BEING CAPABLE OF GROWTH IN THE PRESENCE OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF AN ACONITASE-SUPPRESSING COMPOUND.
Abstract:
Gasoline compositions containing an additive for reducing the amount of deposits formed in engine intake manifolds and on the intake valve tulips. The compositions contain the base gasoline and as an additive, a heavy distillate naphthenic oil, and, preferably, also a gasoline-soluble nickel, cobalt, chromium or zinc organophosphate.