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公开(公告)号：US20130172195A1
公开(公告)日：2013-07-04
申请号：US13633666
申请日：2012-10-02
Applicant: Francesco Bellei , Karl K. Berggren , Eric Dauler , Xiaolong Hu , Francesco Marsili , Faraz Najafi
Inventor： Francesco Bellei , Karl K. Berggren , Eric Dauler , Xiaolong Hu , Francesco Marsili , Faraz Najafi
CPC classification number: G01J1/42 , B82Y20/00 , G01J1/0411 , G01J5/023 , G01J5/046 , G01J5/0806 , G01J5/10 , G01J5/20 , G01J2001/442 , Y10S977/954
Abstract: Optical detectors and associated systems and methods are generally described. In certain embodiments, the optical detectors comprise nanowire-based single-photon detectors, including those with advantageous geometric configurations.
Abstract translation: 通常描述光学检测器及相关系统和方法。 在某些实施例中，光学检测器包括基于纳米线的单光子检测器，包括具有有利的几何构型的单光子检测器。
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公开(公告)号：US20100111305A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-06
申请号：US12529495
申请日：2008-02-29
Applicant: Zhiliang Yuan , Andrew James Shields
Inventor： Zhiliang Yuan , Andrew James Shields
CPC classification number: G01J1/44 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2001/4466 , H04B10/697
Abstract: A photon detection system including a photon detector configured to detect single photons, a signal divider to divide the output signal of the photon detector into a first part and a second part, wherein the first part is substantially identical to the second part, a delay mechanism to delay the second part with respect to the first part, and a combiner to combine the first and delayed second parts of the signal such that the delayed second part is used to cancel periodic variations in the first part of the output signal.
Abstract translation: 一种光子检测系统，包括配置成检测单个光子的光子检测器，用于将光子检测器的输出信号划分成第一部分和第二部分的信号分配器，其中第一部分基本上与第二部分相同;延迟机构 相对于第一部分延迟第二部分，以及组合器，以组合信号的第一和延迟的第二部分，使得延迟的第二部分被用于消除输出信号的第一部分中的周期性变化。
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公开(公告)号：US06885448B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-26
申请号：US10276994
申请日：2002-03-26
Applicant: Kazunori Tsutsui , Motonobu Akagi , Yasushi Zasu , Katsuhiro Morisawa
Inventor： Kazunori Tsutsui , Motonobu Akagi , Yasushi Zasu , Katsuhiro Morisawa
CPC classification number: G01N15/0211 , G01J2001/442 , G01N2013/003
Abstract: A photon correlator comprises a plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e which are open during different periods of time; a plurality of memories 12a-12e each provided corresponding to each of the plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e for storing data corresponding to the number of photons; and a data processing control section for reading out the data stored in the memories 12a-12e, and performing a correlation calculation by means of software. The mechanism of the hardware comprising the sampling gates 11a-11e and memories 12a-12e enables high-speed writing of data in the memories and real-time read out of the data. In addition, the software performs correlation calculations in parallel with the above processing. Accordingly, the particle sizes and diffusion coefficient of particles in a fluid can be obtained at high speed under various conditions.
Abstract translation: 光子相关器包括在不同时间段内打开的多个采样门11a至11e; 每个对应于多个采样门11 a-11e中的每一个提供的多个存储器12a-12e，用于存储对应于光子数量的数据; 以及数据处理控制部分，用于读出存储在存储器12a-12e中的数据，并通过软件进行相关计算。 包括采样门11 a-11 e和存储器12 a-12 e的硬件的机制使得能够高速地将数据写入存储器并实时读出数据。 此外，软件与上述处理并行执行相关计算。 因此，可以在各种条件下高速地获得流体中的颗粒的粒径和扩散系数。
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公开(公告)号：US20030133110A1
公开(公告)日：2003-07-17
申请号：US10276994
申请日：2002-11-20
Inventor： Kazunori Tsutsui , Motonobu Akagi , Yasushi Zasu , Katsuhiro Morisawa
IPC: G01N015/02
CPC classification number: G01N15/0211 , G01J2001/442 , G01N2013/003
Abstract: A photon correlator comprises a plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e which are open during different periods of time; a plurality of memories 12a-12e each provided corresponding to each of the plurality of sampling gates 11a-11e for storing data corresponding to the number of photons; and a data processing control section for reading out the data stored in the memories 12a-12e, and performing a correlation calculation by means of software. The mechanism of the hardware comprising the sampling gates 11a-11e and memories 12a-12e enables high-speed writing of data in the memories and real-time read out of the data. In addition, the software performs correlation calculations in parallel with the above processing. Accordingly, the particle sizes and diffusion coefficient of particles in a fluid can be obtained at high speed under various conditions.
Abstract translation: 光子相关器包括在不同时间段期间打开的多个采样门11a-11e; 每个与多个采样门11a-11e中的每一个对应设置的多个存储器12a-12e，用于存储对应于光子数量的数据; 以及数据处理控制部分，用于读出存储在存储器12a-12e中的数据，并通过软件进行相关计算。 包括采样门11a-11e和存储器12a-12e的硬件的机制使得能够高速地写入存储器中的数据并实时读出数据。 此外，软件与上述处理并行执行相关计算。 因此，可以在各种条件下高速地获得流体中的颗粒的粒径和扩散系数。
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公开(公告)号：US5250795A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-05
申请号：US918410
申请日：1992-07-24
Applicant: Musubu Koishi , Motoyuki Watanabe
Inventor： Musubu Koishi , Motoyuki Watanabe
CPC classification number: H04N5/357 , G01J1/42 , H01J31/502 , H01J31/507 , H04N5/2254 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2001/4453 , G01J2001/4486 , H01J2231/50015 , H01J2231/50094
Abstract: A feeble light measuring device comprising a photon counting tube, an image detector and a signal processor. The photon counting tube includes a photocathode for generating an electron upon an incidence of light to be measured, an MCP for multiplying the photoelectron from the photocathode and a phosphor screen for converting the photoelectrons multiplied by the MCP into a light image such as luminous spots. The MCP is not saturated by an incidence of single photoelectron. Thus the spread of the luminous spot corresponding to the single photoelectron is very small. The image detector converts the light image from the photon counting tube to electric outputs the signal processor removes noise components of the electric outputs from the image detector to extract signal components of the electric outputs.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US5071249A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-10
申请号：US416774
申请日：1989-10-04
Applicant: Akira Takahashi , Musubu Koishi , Yutaka Tsuchiya
Inventor： Akira Takahashi , Musubu Koishi , Yutaka Tsuchiya
CPC classification number: G01N21/6408 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2011/005
Abstract: A wavelength of light emitted from a semiconductor laser is shifted to a shorter wavelength with wavelength converting means and the resulting light of a shorter wavelength is applied to a sample. Upon exposure to the light of the shorter wavelength, the sample emits light of interest and its waveform is measured with measuring means. Fundamental wavelength laser light which passes through the waveform converting means is outputted therefrom in synchronism with the light of a shorter wavelength and detected by a first photodetector. The waveform of the light of interest can be measured correctly on the basis of an output signal from the first photodetector.
Abstract translation: 使用波长转换装置将从半导体激光器发射的光的波长移动到较短的波长，并将所得到的较短波长的光施加到样品。 当暴露于较短波长的光时，样品发射感兴趣的光，其波形用测量装置测量。 通过波形转换装置的基波长激光与较短波长的光同步地由第一光电检测器检测。 可以基于来自第一光电检测器的输出信号正确地测量感兴趣的光的波形。
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公开(公告)号：US4945227A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-31
申请号：US359754
申请日：1989-05-16
Applicant: Robin Jones , Kevin D. Ridley
Inventor： Robin Jones , Kevin D. Ridley
CPC classification number: G01J1/44 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2001/4466
Abstract: An avalanche photodiode quenching circuit comprises a low value photodiode series resistor and a comparator amplifier. The comparator compares the photodiode potential with a reference voltage and changes state rapidly after initiation of a photodiode avalanche. The photodiode is actively quenched by taking its potential below breakdown. This achieved by a fast-switching transistor activated by avalanche detection at the comparator. A further fast-switching transistor is arranged to reset the comparator input after a preset delay following avalanche detection. The photodiode recharges passively through the series resistor at a rapid rate since this resistor has a low value. The quench and reset transistors are deactivated by comparator reset, the latter after the preset delay once more, and are isolated from the photodiode during recharge by diodes. The invention avoids the use of active photodiode reset pulses, and has constant output pulse width and well-defined dead-time.
Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / GB87 / 00837 Sec。 371日期：1989年5月16日 102（e）日期1989年5月16日PCT提交1987年11月23日PCT公布。 第WO88 / 04034号公报 日期：1988年6月2日。雪崩光电二极管淬火电路包括低值光电二极管串联电阻和比较放大器。 比较器将光电二极管电位与参考电压进行比较，并在光电二极管雪崩开始后迅速改变状态。 光电二极管通过将其潜力降低到击穿以下来主动淬火。 这通过在比较器处由雪崩检测器激活的快速开关晶体实现。 进一步的快速开关晶体管被布置成在雪崩检测之后的预设延迟之后复位比较器输入。 由于该电阻具有较低的值，所以光电二极管以快速的速率被动地充电通过串联电阻器。 通过比较器复位使淬灭和复位晶体管失效，后者在预设延迟之后再次被二极管补充而与光电二极管隔离。 本发明避免使用有源光电二极管复位脉冲，并且具有恒定的输出脉冲宽度和明确的死区时间。
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公开(公告)号：US20240337796A1
公开(公告)日：2024-10-10
申请号：US18573774
申请日：2022-07-01
Applicant: Single Quantum B.V.
CPC classification number: G02B6/4231 , G01J1/0204 , G01J1/0266 , G01J1/0425 , G01J1/0448 , G01J1/44 , G02B6/424 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2001/4446
Abstract: A photon detector system for detecting photons emitted from an optical fiber, the photon detector system comprising a receiving mechanism for receiving the optical fiber; a photon detector comprising a superconducting element and aligned with the receiving mechanism, the photon detector having an active area for detecting photons emitted from an end-face of the optical fiber received in the receiving mechanism and an urging mechanism for urging together the photon detector and the optical fiber.
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79.发明公开公开(公告)号：US20240337532A1
公开(公告)日：2024-10-10
申请号：US18746425
申请日：2024-06-18
Applicant: CANON KABUSHIKI KAISHA
Inventor： Yasuharu Ota , Yukihiro Kuroda
IPC: G01J1/44 , H04N25/709 , H04N25/75 , H04N25/76
CPC classification number: G01J1/44 , H04N25/709 , H04N25/75 , H04N25/76 , G01J2001/442 , G01J2001/4466
Abstract: A photoelectric conversion device includes an avalanche multiplying photodiode, a signal generation unit that includes a control unit configured to control an applied voltage to the photodiode and generates a photon detection pulse based on an output generated by incidence of a photon to the photodiode, and a counter that counts the photon detection pulse output from the signal generation unit, and the counter outputs a setting value detection signal when a count value of the photon detection pulse reaches a predetermined setting value, and in response to receiving the setting value detection signal, the control unit controls the applied voltage to the photodiode so as to stop generation of an avalanche current in the photodiode.
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公开(公告)号：US12111205B2
公开(公告)日：2024-10-08
申请号：US17414588
申请日：2019-12-17
Applicant: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE , SORBONNE UNIVERSITE , COLLEGE DE FRANCE , ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE
Inventor： Raphaël Lescanne , Samuel Deleglise , Emmanuel Flurin , Zaki Leghtas
CPC classification number: G01J1/44 , G01J2001/442
Abstract: A superconducting detection device for detecting a single microwave photon, including: —a quantum system with two energy levels of which the ground state and an excited state are controllable and detectable, the quantum system being designed to allow modulable three-wave interaction; —a buffer resonator arranged to receive an incident single microwave photon; —a highly dissipative auxiliary resonator arranged to discharge a photon; and —a reading device arranged to detect the state of the two-level quantum system; the buffer resonator and the auxiliary resonator are coupled to the quantum system; and the excited state of the quantum system and the photon of the auxiliary resonator are created in response to the reception of the incident photon in the buffer resonator and to the application of parametric pumping to the device. A method for detecting a single microwave photon implemented by a device according to the invention.
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