Abstract:
In a lithographic apparatus, slippage of a patterning device is substantially eliminated during movement of a patterning device stage by providing a magnetostrictive actuator to apply an accelerating force to the patterning device to compensate for forces that would otherwise tend to cause slippage when the patterning device stage moves.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus comprises an alignment system including a tunable narrow pass-band filter configured to receive a broad-band radiation and to filter the broad-band radiation into narrow-band linearly polarized radiation. The tunable narrow pass-band filter is further configured to modulate an intensity and wavelength of the narrow-band radiation and to provide a plurality of pass-band filters at a same time or nearly the same time. The alignment system further includes a relay and mechanical interface configured to receive the narrow-band radiation and to adjust a profile of the narrow-band radiation based on physical properties of alignment targets on a substrate. The adjusted narrow-band radiation is focused on the alignment targets using a focusing system.
Abstract:
A liquid immersion photolithography system includes an exposure system that exposes a substrate with electromagnetic radiation and includes a projection optical system that focuses the electromagnetic radiation on the substrate. A liquid supply system provides liquid flow between the projection optical system and the substrate. An optional plurality of micronozzles are arranged around the periphery of one side of the projection optical system so as to provide a substantially uniform velocity distribution of the liquid flow in an area where the substrate is being exposed.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus is described that comprises a support structure to hold an object. The object may be a patterning device or a substrate to be exposed. The support structure comprises a chuck, on which the object is supported, and an array of shear-compliant elongated elements normal to the chuck and the stage, such that first ends of the elongated elements contact a surface of the chuck and second ends of the elongated elements contact a stage. Through using the array of elongated elements, a transfer of stress between the stage and the chuck is substantially uniform, resulting in minimization of slippage of the object relative to the surface of the chuck during a deformation of the chuck due to the stress.
Abstract:
A system and method of manufacturing a semiconductor device lithographically and an article of manufacture involving a lithographic double patterning process having a dye added to either the first or second lithographic pattern are provided. The dye is used to detect the location of the first lithographic pattern and to directly align the second lithographic pattern to it. The dye may be fluorescent, luminescent, absorbent, or reflective at a specified wavelength or a given wavelength band. The wavelength may correspond to the wavelength of an alignment beam. The dye allows for detection of the first lithographic pattern even when it is over coated with a radiation sensitive-layer (e.g., resist).
Abstract:
In one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gas gauge for use in a vacuum environment having a measurement gas flow channel. The gas gauge may comprise a measurement nozzle in the measurement gas flow channel. The measurement nozzle may be configured to operate at a sonically choked flow condition of a volumetric flow being sourced from a gas supply coupled to the measurement gas flow channel. The gas gauge may further comprise a pressure sensor operatively coupled to the measurement gas flow channel downstream from the sonically choked flow condition of the volumetric flow to measure a differential pressure of the volumetric flow for providing an indication of a gap between a distal end of the measurement nozzle and a target surface proximal thereto.
Abstract:
A lithographic apparatus has an alignment system including a radiation source configured to convert narrow-band radiation into continuous, flat and broad-band radiation. An acoustically tunable narrow pass-band filter filters the broad-band radiation into narrow-band linearly polarized radiation. The narrow-band radiation may be focused on alignment targets of a wafer so as to enable alignment of the wafer. In an embodiment, the filter is configured to modulate an intensity and wavelength of radiation produced by the radiation source and to have multiple simultaneous pass-bands. The radiation source generates radiation that has high spatial coherence and low temporal coherence.
Abstract:
A chuck having a high specific stiffness and high thermal conductivity compared to conventional chucks, with an apparatus for measuring thermal expansion in the chuck. High specific stiffness allows for a higher control bandwidth and improved scanning performance. High thermal conductivity enables excellent positioning accuracy because thermal expansion and strain may be accurately measured or predicted, and thus compensated.
Abstract:
A method, apparatus, and system for controlling a reticle-masking blade in a photolithography system. A reticle-masking blade is supported with a reticle-masking blade carriage assembly. The reticle-masking blade carriage assembly is levitated at a position with respect to a reference frame and at an orientation with respect to the reference frame. Preferably, the reticle-masking blade carriage assembly is electromagnetically levitated. At least one of the position and the orientation of the reticle-masking blade carriage assembly is measured. At least one of the position and the orientation of the reticle-masking blade carriage assembly is controlled. Optionally, the reticle-masking blade carriage assembly is moved within a dimension within a range defined by the reference frame. The dimension can be two dimensions. The movement of the reticle-masking blade carriage assembly can be controlled.
Abstract:
An illumination method and system use a light source and illumination optics to illuminate a pattern generator. The illumination optics can include at least two devices. For example, if first and second diffractive and/or refractive devices are used, one can be a pupil defining element (PDE) and one can be a field defining element (FDE). In another example, a third diffractive or refractive element can be used to make light entering the illumination system uniform. When only two are used, the PDE forms one or more light beams having a defined profile. The FDE directs the one or more light beams having the defined profile, such that each directed beam substantially corresponds in size and shape to a desired illumination area(s) on the pattern generator. The directed beams are directed to impinge substantially only on the desired illumination area(s). Thus, using the PDE and the FDE increases optical efficiency of light impinging on the pattern generator and substantially reduces or eliminates stray light caused by light impinging on undesired areas of the pattern generator.