Abstract:
This invention provides a method for imparting invisible markings for identification purposes to petroleum hydrocarbons by incorporating one or more infrared fluorescing compounds therein. Certain infrared fluorophores from the classes of squaraines (derived from squaric acid), phthalocyanines and naphthalocyanines are useful in providing invisibly marked petroleum hydrocarbons such as crude oil, lubricating oils, waxes, gas oil (furnace oil), diesel oil, kerosene and in particular gasoline. The near infrared fluorophores are added to the hydrocarbons at extremely low levels and are detected by exposing the marked hydrocarbon compositions to near infrared radiation having a wavelength in the 670-850 nm range and then detecting the emitted fluorescent light via near infrared light detection means.
Abstract:
A phosphorous- and sulfur-containing additive and its use to impart anti-wear properties to oleaginous compositions such as fuels and lubricating oils, particularly power transmission compositions, such as automatic transmission fluids, is disclosed. The additive comprises a mixture of products formed, for example, by simultaneously reacting (1) a beta-hydroxy thioether, such as thiobisethanol, (2) a phosphorous-containing reactant, such as triethyl phosphite and (3) optionally, a nucleophilic reactant capable of reacting with the episulfonium cation ##STR1## to form thioether species.
Abstract:
N-Alkenyl substituted hydroxylamines of formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or phenylalkyl, and R.sub.3 to R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl are very effective process stabilizers for polymeric systems providing melt flow stabilization and resistance to discoloration during processing at elevated temperatures as well as effective stabilizers for lubricant compositions.
Abstract:
This invention is directed to novel compositions comprising (A) certain sulfur compounds, and (B) at least one carboxylic detergent composition. The compositions of the invention are useful as additives in lubricants and functional fluids, fuels and aqueous systems. Lubricating, fuel and functional fluid compositions containing the derivatives of the invention exhibit improved antioxidant, anti-wear, thermal stability and/or extreme-pressure properties.The compositions of the invention comprise the combination of(A) at least one sulfur compound characterized by the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, G.sup.1 and G.sup.2 and x are as defined hereinafter; and(B) at least one carboxylic dispersant composition prepared by the reaction of a hydrocarbon-substituted succinic acid-producing compound with at least about one-half equivalent, per equivalent of acid-producing compound, of an organic hydroxy compound, or amine containing at least one hydrogen attached to a nitrogen atom, or a mixture of said hydroxy compound and amine.
Abstract:
O-Alkenyl substituted hydroxylamines of formula I ##STR1## where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or phenylalkyl, and R.sub.3 to R.sub.7 are independently hydrogen, alkyl or substituted alkyl are very effective process stabilizers for polymeric systems providing melt flow stabilization and resistance to discoloration during processing at elevated temperatures as well as effective stabilizers for lubricant compositions.
Abstract:
A composition is disclosed which comprises:(A) a compound represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 are independently mononuclear or polynuclear, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups of from 1 to about 25 carbon atoms; X is at least one divalent sulfur atom, sulfone group, sulfixide group, or a mixture thereof; and n is a number ranging from 1 to about 5; and(B) a compound represented by the formula ##STR2## wherein Ar.sup.3 and Ar.sup.4 are independently mononuclear or polynuclear, substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups; and R.sup.5 is hydrogen, halogen, OH, NH.sub.2, SH, NO.sub.2 or a hydrocarbyl group of from 1 to about 50 carbon atoms. Concentrates, lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, aqueous compositions and emulsions comprising the foregoing compositions are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, and more particularly, a fuel composition for internal combustion engines containing less than about 0.5 gram of lead per gallon of fuel is described. The fuel provides acceptable valve seat protection in engines designed to operate on leaded or unleaded fuels. Ordinarily, leaded fuels contain components to reduce deposits within the engine cylinders which unleaded fuels do not. As leaded fuels become unavailable, some refiners will add valve protecting components to the unleaded fuels to satisfy the leaded market. Such fuels will then potentially cause an increase in the octane requirement. This invention deals with polybasic carboxylate additives having valve seat protection properties which avoid or minimize the octane requirement increase.
Abstract:
A diesel fuel composition and method for improving the operation and efficiency of a compression ignition or diesel engine is disclosed comprising operating the engine using a fuel comprising a major amount of hydrocarbon fuel boiling in the diesel range and from about 600 to about 10,000 ppm of an additive comprising a polyoxyalkylene amine or polyamine of from about 500 to about 2,500 molecular weight.
Abstract:
Antistatic compositions comprising 1. OLEFIN-SULFUR DIOXIDE COPOLYMER CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF UNITS DERIVED FROM SULFUR DIOXIDE, C6 1-alkene, and optionally an olefin having the formula
WHEREIN A is a group having the formula -(CxH2x)-COOH wherein x is from 0 to about 17, and B is hydrogen or carboxyl, and 2. POLYVALENT METAL ORGANIC COMPOUND OF A METAL HAVING AN ATOMIC NUMBER OF FROM 22-29.
Abstract translation:包含1.由硫化二氧化物衍生的单元的烯烃 - 硫化二氧化物共聚物,C6-1-烯烃和任选的具有式WHEREIN A的烯烃是具有式 - (C x H 2 x)-COOH的基团,其中x为 0至约17,B为氢或羧基,以及2. 22-29的原子金属的金属有机化合物。