公开(公告)号：US06624888B2

公开(公告)日：2003-09-23

申请号：US09758392

申请日：2001-01-12

Applicant: Suranjan Panigrahi ,  Vernon Hofman

Inventor： Suranjan Panigrahi ,  Vernon Hofman

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01N21/31 ,  A01D33/00 ,  A01D2033/005 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/10 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01N1/286 ,  G01N21/3563 ,  G01N21/359 ,  G01N33/02 ,  G01N33/025 ,  G01N2001/021

Abstract: An on-the-go sensor for determining the sugar content of an agricultural product, such as a sugar beet, during harvesting or at other times. The sensor is coupled to a harvester/defoliator and uses a knife to slice a cross-section from the crown of the sugar beet during harvesting. An illumination chamber radiates the exposed crown, and a sensor head receives the reflected radiation. A spectrometer converts the reflected radiation to a spectral signal. A computer digitizes and processes the spectral signal to produce data points relating to the sugar content of the sugar beet. The processing of the data points includes normalization, linearization, and other techniques. One of the techniques eliminates the conventional need to use the spectral signature of a separate physical standard as a reference.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在收获期间或在其他时间确定农产品如糖用甜菜的糖分含量的传感器。 传感器连接到收割机/离心机，并在采收过程中使用刀将切片从甜菜的冠部切片。 照明室辐射暴露的表冠，并且传感器头接收反射的辐射。 光谱仪将反射的辐射转换成光谱信号。 计算机数字化并处理光谱信号以产生与甜菜糖含量有关的数据点。 数据点的处理包括归一化，线性化和其他技术。 其中一种技术消除了使用单独物理标准的光谱签名作为参考的常规需要。

公开(公告)号：US06587198B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-01

申请号：US09796656

申请日：2001-03-02

Applicant: Michael Cohnitz Olshausen

Inventor： Michael Cohnitz Olshausen

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0208 ,  G01J3/0286 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: A compact, grating spectrometer (1A) particularly adapted for visual observation of the sun's spectrum, from the Calcium K line to the Fraunhofer B line, at very high dispersion. The numerical aperture of the spectrometer's collimating mirror is intentionally mismatched to the numerical aperture of the spectrometer's light-input device in order to exploit, by means of the exceedingly narrow width of the spectrometer's entrance slit (110), the high degree of coherence of the central region of the Airy disk formed by the light-input device. The resulting Fraunhofer diffraction illuminates totally, or nearly totally, the collimating mirror throughout the K-B interval. The human eye's dynamic range is compensated to maintain resolution at the lowest, light levels of the K-B interval. UV spill is suppressed. Both input-optics and slit are shielded against differential heating.

Abstract translation: 特别适用于以非常高的色散从钙K线向弗劳恩霍夫B线观察太阳光谱的小型光栅光谱仪（1A）。 光谱仪的准直镜的数值孔径有意地与光谱仪的光输入装置的数值孔径不匹配，以便通过光谱仪的入口狭缝（110）的非常窄的宽度来利用光谱仪的入射狭缝（110）的高度的一致性 由光输入装置形成的艾里圆盘的中央区域。 所得到的弗劳恩霍夫衍射在整个K-B间隔期间完全或完全照射准直镜。 补偿人眼的动态范围，以将分辨率维持在K-B间隔的最低亮度水平。 紫外线泄漏被抑制。 输入光学和狭缝均可屏蔽差分加热。

公开(公告)号：US06538736B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-25

申请号：US09705990

申请日：2000-11-03

Applicant: Perry A. Palumbo

Inventor： Perry A. Palumbo

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/04 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/18

Abstract: Concentric spectrometers are plagued with internal reflections due to inherent nature of more than one optical surface possessing a common center of curvature. Reflections from optical surfaces arise when there is a difference or change in the refractive index of the media in which an optical beam or ray of a given wavelength is propagating. Internal reflections in concentric optical systems can produce a myriad of undesirable optical phenomenon at the image plane such as multiple images of an object, interference fringes, and stray light. As a result a loss in contrast or detection limit arise from such phenomenon in which light or detectable radiation that impinges on the image plane does not add to the formation of the intended image, (stray light). The present invention produces high quality images without the optical phenomenon(s) that arise from internal reflections by removing the reflected radiation from propagating through the optical system.

Abstract translation: 由于具有共同的曲率中心的多于一个的光学表面的固有特性，同心光谱仪受到内部反射的困扰。 当光束或给定波长的光线正在传播的介质的折射率存在差异或变化时，会产生光学表面的反射。 同心光学系统中的内部反射可能在像平面上产生无数不希望的光学现象，例如物体的多个图像，干涉条纹和杂散光。 结果，造成对比度或检测限制的损失是由于这种现象，其中照射在图像平面上的光或可检测的辐射不会增加预期图像的形成（杂散光）。 本发明通过去除通过光学系统传播的反射辐射而产生高质量图像而没有由内部反射产生的光学现象。

公开(公告)号：US06525814B1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

申请号：US09425595

申请日：1999-10-22

Applicant: Roy W. Hendrick, Jr. ,  Matthew C. Thomas

Inventor： Roy W. Hendrick, Jr. ,  Matthew C. Thomas

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J5/522 ,  G01J3/10

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a spectrally variable radiation source and systems including same is disclosed. An embodiment of a spectrally variable radiation source is disclosed including a broadband radiation source, a collimating element, a dispersive element, an imaging element, an output aperture and an optional output collimating element. An embodiment of a spectrally encoded infrared chromatograph incorporating the inventive spatially variable radiation source is disclosed. An arbitrary spectrum projector for simulating emission or absorption spectra for chemical and biological agents, as well as projecting calibration and test spectra for characterizing sensors is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于产生光谱可变辐射源的装置和方法及包括其的系统。 公开了一种光谱可变辐射源的实施例，其包括宽带辐射源，准直元件，色散元件，成像元件，输出孔径和可选的输出准直元件。 公开了结合本发明的空间可变辐射源的频谱编码的红外色谱仪的一个实施例。 还公开了用于模拟化学和生物制剂的发射或吸收光谱的任意光谱投影仪，以及用于表征传感器的投影校准和测试光谱。

公开(公告)号：US06483103B2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-19

申请号：US09783220

申请日：2001-02-15

Applicant: Johann Engelhardt ,  William C. Hay ,  Juergen Hoffmann

Inventor： Johann Engelhardt ,  William C. Hay ,  Juergen Hoffmann

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G02B21/0064 ,  G01J3/32

Abstract: An apparatus for selecting and detecting at least one spectral region of a spectrally spread light beam, preferably in the beam path of a confocal scanning microscope, the spread light beam being focussable in a focal line, is characterized, for non-overlapping detection of the spectrally spread light beam of the selected spectral regions in the context of an increased number of detectors and an error-tolerant arrangement, in that there is arranged in the spread light beam an optical component which reflects and/or refracts the light beam to a detector and whose optically effective region becomes smaller or larger along the surface, so that by orientation of the component with respect to the focal line and the resulting superposition of the focal line and surface, the spectral region arriving at the detector is definable.

Abstract translation: 一种用于选择和检测光谱扩展光束的至少一个光谱区域的装置，优选地在共聚焦扫描显微镜的光束路径中，扩散光束可聚焦在焦线中，其特征在于，对于不重叠的 在增加数量的检测器和容错布置的上下文中，所选择的光谱区域的光谱扩展光束，其中在扩展光束中布置了将光束反射和/或折射到检测器的光学部件 并且其光学有效区域沿着表面变得更小或更大，使得通过部件相对于焦线的取向以及所得焦点线和表面的叠加，到达检测器的光谱区域是可定义的。

公开(公告)号：US06288781B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-11

申请号：US09380001

申请日：1999-11-27

Applicant: Daniel Richard Lobb

Inventor： Daniel Richard Lobb

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/14

Abstract: An imaging spectrometer to form a spectrally resolved image of an object, the spectrometer comprising three curved reflecting surfaces, an optical path between the object and the image comprising reflections from the three curved reflecting surfaces. The spectrometer further comprises dispersing elements each with a curved surface in the optical path. One dispersing element is located in the optical path between the object and a first of the curved reflecting surfaces; another dispersing element is located in the optical path between the image and a third of the curved reflecting surfaces. The majority of the spectrometer's dispersive power may be provided by optical elements in the optical paths between the object and the first of the curved reflecting surfaces and between the image and the third of the curved reflecting surfaces.

Abstract translation: 一种用于形成物体的光谱分辨图像的成像光谱仪，所述光谱仪包括三个弯曲的反射表面，所述物体和所述图像之间的光路包括来自所述三个弯曲的反射表面的反射。 光谱仪还包括在光路中各自具有弯曲表面的分散元件。 一个分散元件位于物体与第一弯曲反射表面之间的光路中; 另一个分散元件位于图像和三分之一弯曲反射表面之间的光路中。 光谱仪的色散功率的大部分可以由物体和第一弯曲反射表面之间以及图像和第三弯曲反射表面之间的光学路径中的光学元件提供。

公开(公告)号：US06268913B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09258561

申请日：1999-02-26

Applicant: Bruce Rising

Inventor： Bruce Rising

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: F02C7/22 ,  F23M11/045 ,  F23M2900/11041 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/716

Abstract: A gas turbine combustor burns fuel from a fuel supply. The combustor includes a combustion chamber and a fuel delivery system for delivering the fuel to the combustion chamber. A pilot or fuel nozzle establishes a combustion flame in the combustion chamber by burning the fuel. One or more fuel lines operatively connect the fuel delivery system to the fuel supply. A flame spectrometer senses the level, such as the concentration level, of a fuel contaminant, such as sodium, within the combustion flame. A control system disables the fuel delivery system as a function of the contaminant's concentration level or accumulated concentration level.

Abstract translation: 燃气轮机燃烧器从燃料供应器燃烧燃料。 燃烧器包括用于将燃料输送到燃烧室的燃烧室和燃料输送系统。 驾驶员或燃料喷嘴通过燃烧燃料在燃烧室中建立燃烧火焰。 一个或多个燃料管线将燃料输送系统可操作地连接到燃料供应。 火焰光谱仪在燃烧火焰中感测燃料污染物（如钠）的浓度水平，例如浓度水平。 控制系统根据污染物的浓度水平或累积浓度水平来禁用燃料输送系统。

公开(公告)号：US06268911B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09070953

申请日：1998-05-01

Applicant: Paulo Tubel ,  Brian Bidigare ,  Michael Johnson ,  John Harrell ,  Benn Voll

Inventor： Paulo Tubel ,  Brian Bidigare ,  Michael Johnson ,  John Harrell ,  Benn Voll

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G01V11/002 ,  E21B23/03 ,  E21B33/1275 ,  E21B37/06 ,  E21B41/0035 ,  E21B41/02 ,  E21B43/12 ,  E21B43/122 ,  E21B43/123 ,  E21B43/16 ,  E21B43/20 ,  E21B43/25 ,  E21B43/26 ,  E21B47/00 ,  E21B47/011 ,  E21B47/06 ,  E21B47/065 ,  E21B47/10 ,  E21B47/101 ,  E21B47/1015 ,  E21B47/102 ,  E21B47/123 ,  E21B49/00 ,  E21B49/006 ,  E21B49/008 ,  E21B49/08 ,  G01D5/268 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01V1/40 ,  G01V1/42 ,  G01V1/46 ,  G01V1/52 ,  G01V7/08 ,  G01V7/16 ,  G01V8/02 ,  G01V11/00 ,  G01V2210/6163 ,  G01V2210/6167

Abstract: The present invention provides systems utilizing fiber optics for monitoring downhole parameters and the operation and conditions of downhole tools. In one system fiber optics sensors are placed in the wellbore to make distributed measurements for determining the fluid parameters including temperature, pressure, fluid flow, fluid constituents and chemical properties. Optical spectrometric sensors are employed for monitoring chemical properties in the wellbore and at the surface for chemical injection systems. Fiber optic sensors are utilized to determine formation properties including resistivity and acoustic properties compensated for temperature effects. Fiber optic sensors are used to monitor the operation and condition of downhole devices including electrical submersible pumps and flow control devices. In one embodiment, a common fluid line is used to monitor downhole parameters and to operate hydraulically-operated devices. Fiber optic sensors are also deployed to monitor the physical condition of power lines supplying high electric power to downhole equipment. A light cell disposed downhole is used to generate electric power in the wellbore, which is used to charge batteries.

公开(公告)号：US06266140B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-24

申请号：US09674217

申请日：2000-10-27

Applicant: Lian Qin Xiang ,  Thomas Mikes

Inventor： Lian Qin Xiang ,  Thomas Mikes

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: G02B6/4249 ,  G01J3/18 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/002 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  H04Q2011/0035 ,  H04Q2011/0039 ,  H04Q2011/005

Abstract: A high resolution aberration corrected concentric spectrometer (10) includes a convex diffraction grating (60) having a plurality of nonparallel lines. The curved lines of the convex grating (60) provide correction for field aberrations. The utilization of a convex diffraction grating (60) enables the present spectrometer (10) to provide highly accurate spectral imaging with greatly improved resolution. By utilizing the convex diffraction grating (60) with the nonparallel grooves, the spectrometer is functional for a large number of applications.

Abstract translation: 高分辨率像差校正同心光谱仪（10）包括具有多个非平行线的凸出衍射光栅（60）。 凸形光栅（60）的曲线提供了场像差校正。 利用凸衍射光栅（60）可以使本光谱仪（10）提供高度精确的光谱成像，并大大提高分辨率。 通过利用具有非平行凹槽的凸衍射光栅（60），光谱仪可用于大量应用。

公开(公告)号：US06198572B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-06

申请号：US09362120

申请日：1999-07-28

Applicant: Yasushi Sugaya ,  Susumu Kinoshita

Inventor： Yasushi Sugaya ,  Susumu Kinoshita

IPC: G01J328

CPC classification number: H01S3/06758 ,  H01S3/10015 ,  H01S3/1003 ,  H01S3/1301 ,  H01S2301/04 ,  H04B10/291 ,  H04B10/2912 ,  H04B10/2931 ,  H04B10/2942 ,  H04B10/296 ,  H04B2210/003 ,  H04J14/0221

Abstract: An optical amplifying apparatus which includes an optical amplifier, an optical attenuator and a controller. The optical amplifier amplifies a light signal having a variable number of channels. The optical attenuator passes the amplified light signal and has a variable light transmissivity. Prior to varying the number of channels in the light signal, the controller varies the light transmissivity of the optical attenuator so that a power level of the amplified light signal is maintained at an approximately constant level that depends on the number of channels in the light signal prior to the varying the number of channels. While the number of channels in the light signal is being varied, the controller maintains the light transmissivity of the optical attenuator to be constant. Subsequent to varying the number of channels in the light signal, the controller varies the light transmissivity of the optical attenuator so that a power level of the amplified light signal is maintained at an approximately constant level that depends on the number of channels in the light signal subsequent to the varying the number of channels.

Abstract translation: 一种光放大装置，包括光放大器，光衰减器和控制器。 光放大器放大具有可变通道数的光信号。 光衰减器通过放大的光信号并具有可变的透光率。 在改变光信号中的通道数量之前，控制器改变光衰减器的透光率，使得放大的光信号的功率电平保持在大致恒定的水平，这取决于光信号中的通道数 在改变频道数之前。 虽然光信号中的信道数量正在变化，但是控制器保持光衰减器的光透射率是恒定的。 在改变光信号中的通道数量之后，控制器改变光衰减器的透光率，使得放大的光信号的功率电平保持在大致恒定的水平，这取决于光信号中的通道数 随后改变频道数量。