公开(公告)号：US5721613A

公开(公告)日：1998-02-24

申请号：US755931

申请日：1996-11-25

Applicant: Clemens Linowski ,  Thomas Doerr

Inventor： Clemens Linowski ,  Thomas Doerr

IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01J3/443 ,  G01N21/64

CPC classification number: G01J3/4406 ,  G01N30/74

Abstract: A fluorescence spectrometer comprises a light source with a flashlamp (2), means (9) for selecting an excitation wavelength, a sample cuvette (11), means (16) for spectrally separating the radiation emitted from the sample cuvette (11), and detector means (18) for detecting the spectrally separated radiation. The detector means (18) comprise an avalanche photodiode, preferably an array of avalanche photodiodes. The use of a flashlamp in combination with avalanche photodiodes ensures high sensitivity in the determination of low sample concentrations, in particular when the sample composition changes over time as in liquid chromatography.

Abstract translation: 荧光光谱仪包括具有闪光灯（2）的光源，用于选择激发波长的装置（9），样品比色杯（11），用于光谱分离从样品比色皿（11）发射的辐射的装置（16），以及 用于检测光谱分离的辐射的检测器装置（18）。 检测器装置（18）包括雪崩光电二极管，优选地是雪崩光电二极管阵列。 使用闪光灯与雪崩光电二极管组合确保了在测定低样品浓度时的高灵敏度，特别是当样品组成随时间而变化时，如在液相色谱中。

公开(公告)号：US5100530A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-31

申请号：US568099

申请日：1990-08-16

Applicant: Thomas Dorr ,  Clemens Linowski

Inventor： Thomas Dorr ,  Clemens Linowski

IPC: G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N30/64

CPC classification number: G01N27/49 ,  G01N27/4163

Abstract: An electrochemical detector comprising an electrochemical cell (11), a working electrode (1), an auxiliary electrode (2), a reference electrode (3), a potentiostat (4), and a circuit (7,8) for deriving a signal indicative of the current developed at the working electrode additionally comprises means for monitoring and determining the potential of the reference electrode (3). These means comprise an electrometer circuit (9) which can be connected via a switch (S2) to the auxiliary electrode (2) to measure the potential of the reference electrode. During the measurement, the working electrode (1) is disconnected from the circuit (7,8) which is at the same time connected to the electrometer circuit (9) via switch (S1). The invention permits to recognize measuring errors associated with instabilities in the reference electrode potential (FIG. 1).

Abstract translation: 一种电化学检测器，包括电化学电池（11），工作电极（1），辅助电极（2），参考电极（3），恒电位仪（4）和用于导出信号的电路 指示在工作电极处产生的电流另外包括用于监测和确定参考电极（3）的电位的装置。 这些装置包括可经由开关（S2）连接到辅助电极（2）的静电计电路（9），以测量参考电极的电位。 在测量期间，工作电极（1）与电路（7,8）断开，电路（7,8）同时通过开关（S1）连接到静电计电路（9）。 本发明允许识别与参考电极电位中的不稳定性相关的测量误差（图1）。

公开(公告)号：US20050158875A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-21

申请号：US11036616

申请日：2005-01-18

Applicant: Patrick Kaltenbach ,  Konstantin Choikhet ,  Gerhard Ple ,  Clemens Linowski

Inventor： Patrick Kaltenbach ,  Konstantin Choikhet ,  Gerhard Ple ,  Clemens Linowski

IPC: G01N35/10 ,  B01L3/00

CPC classification number: G01N35/1011 ,  Y10T436/2575

Abstract: A liquid transfer appliance and a well plate are moved towards each other and a current is detected that flows upon contact between the liquid transfer appliance and a first electrically conductive element of the well plate. The position of the well plate relative to the liquid transfer appliance is determined at the time of contact. The determined position is used as a reference position for further positioning at least one of the well plate and the liquid transfer appliance.

Abstract translation: 液体输送器具和孔板彼此相对移动，并且检测在液体转移器具和孔板的第一导电元件之间接触时流动的电流。 在接触时确定孔板相对于液体转移器具的位置。 确定的位置用作用于进一步定位井板和液体输送装置中的至少一个的参考位置。

公开(公告)号：US5822060A

公开(公告)日：1998-10-13

申请号：US783157

申请日：1997-01-14

Applicant: Clemens Linowski ,  Thomas Doerr

Inventor： Clemens Linowski ,  Thomas Doerr

IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01N27/447 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N30/86 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/4406 ,  G01N27/44721 ,  G01N30/74 ,  G01N30/8617

Abstract: A method of detecting sample substances separated by an analytical separation technique, for example liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis, using electromagnetic radiation, and a corresponding fluorescence spectrometer are disclosed. The spectrometer comprises: a flashlamp for emitting pulses of light, an adjustable diffraction element for adjusting selectable measuring wavelengths, a sample cuvette through which sample substances to be detected flow, detection means for receiving fluorescence light emitted from said sample substances flowing through said sample cuvette, and control means for adjusting different measuring wavelengths by corresponding control of said adjustable diffraction element, and for synchronizing the emission of light pulses from said flashlamp with said adjusting of different measuring wavelengths.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过分析分离技术分离的样品物质的方法，例如使用电磁辐射的液相色谱或毛细管电泳，以及相应的荧光光谱仪。 光谱仪包括：用于发射光脉冲的闪光灯，用于调节可选择的测量波长的可调节衍射元件，待检测样品物质流过的样品比色皿，用于接收从流过所述样品比色皿的所述样品物质发射的荧光的检测装置 以及用于通过所述可调节衍射元件的相应控制来调节不同测量波长的控制装置，以及用于使来自所述闪光灯的光脉冲的发射与所述不同测量波长的调节同步。

公开(公告)号：US5198988A

公开(公告)日：1993-03-30

申请号：US568091

申请日：1990-08-16

Applicant: Thomas Dorr ,  Clemens Linowski

Inventor： Thomas Dorr ,  Clemens Linowski

IPC: G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N27/48 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N30/62 ,  G01N30/64

CPC classification number: G01N30/64 ,  G01N27/4163 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N2030/626 ,  G01N2030/645

Abstract: A method of determining optimum operating potential in an electrochemical detector and an electrochemical detector for performing the method, particularly for use in connection with a liquid chromatograph, are disclosed. A control and data processing unit causes a plurality of different potentials to be successively applied in an electrochemical cell and a subsequent electrochemical detection of the sample to be performed at each of the potentials. After each adjustment of a new potential, the current behavior at the working electrode in the electrochemical cell is monitored by an amperometer. When the current behavior has stabilized, a trigger signal is produced by the unit which effects an injection of the sample into the separation column of the chromatograph. From the current signals at the working electrode obtained for the different potentials, it can be determined which potential gives optimum detectability of the sample.