Biofuel
    2.
    发明授权
    Biofuel 有权
    生物燃料

    公开(公告)号:US07655055B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-02

    申请号:US11859532

    申请日:2007-09-21

    Abstract: A biofuel containing an estolide ester, an ether ester, or a combination thereof. The estolide ester and ether ester can be of formula A: R1—CH(O—X)R2CO2R3 wherein R1 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 36 carbons, X is an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbons and preferably 1, 2, or 3 carbons or is an acyl group of formula COR5 where R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbons and preferably 1, 2, or 3 carbons, R2 is an alkylene group or alkenylene group having from 1 to 36 carbons, and R3 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons and preferably 1, 2, or 3 carbons.

    Abstract translation: 含有内酯酯,醚酯或其组合的生物燃料。 所述的内酯酯和醚酯可以是式A:R1-CH(OX)R2CO2R3,其中R1是具有1至36个碳的烷基,X是具有1至10个碳原子的烷基,优选1,2或 3个碳原子或是式COR5的酰基,其中R5是具有1至10个碳原子,优选1,2或3个碳原子的烷基,R2是具有1至36个碳原子的亚烷基或亚烯基,R3是烷基 具有1至10个碳,优选1或2个或3个碳。

    CARBON NANOPARTICLE-CONTAINING NANOFLUID
    3.
    发明申请
    CARBON NANOPARTICLE-CONTAINING NANOFLUID 有权
    含碳纳米颗粒的纳米脂

    公开(公告)号:US20110003721A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-06

    申请号:US11494954

    申请日:2006-07-28

    Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of a nanofluid, which comprises a thermal transfer fluid and carbon nanoparticles. The nanofluid may be hydrophilic nanofluids, such as a coolant, or hydrophobic nanofluids, such as nanolubricants or nanogreases. In particular, the present invention provides a homogenous hydrophilic nanofluid, which contains soluble carbon nanotubes in the hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid. The present invention also provides a nanogrease, which is a sustainable dispersion of solid carbon nanotubes in a hydrophobic thermal transfer fluid. The solid carbon nanotubes function as both as a thickener to modulate viscosity and as a solid heat transfer medium to enhance thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及纳米流体的组合物,其包含热转移流体和碳纳米颗粒。 纳米流体可以是亲水性纳米流体,例如冷却剂,或疏水性纳米流体,例如纳米润滑剂或纳米润滑剂。 特别地,本发明提供在亲水性热转印流体中含有可溶性碳纳米管的均匀亲水性纳米流体。 本发明还提供一种纳米颗粒,其是固体碳纳米管在疏水性热转移流体中的可持续分散体。 固体碳纳米管既用作调节粘度的增稠剂,也用作固体传热介质,以增强导热性和耐高温性。

    Carbon nanoparticle-containing lubricant and grease
    4.
    发明申请
    Carbon nanoparticle-containing lubricant and grease 审中-公开
    含碳纳米粒子的润滑剂和润滑脂

    公开(公告)号:US20070158609A1

    公开(公告)日:2007-07-12

    申请号:US11332679

    申请日:2006-01-12

    Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for preparing a stable suspension of carbon nanoparticles in a thermal transfer fluid to enhance thermal conductive properties, viscosity, and lubricity. One process is to disperse carbon nanoparticles directly into a thermal transfer fluid and other additives in the present of surfactants with intermittent ultrasonication. The second process is carried out in three stages. First, carbon nanoparticles are dispersed into a volatile solvent. Then, a thermal transfer fluid, surfactants, and other additives are added into this intermediate dispersion and mixed thoroughly. At last, the volatile solvent is removed to produce a uniformly dispersed nanofluid. The third process is to disperse carbon nanoparticles at an elevated temperature into a homogeneous mixture of surfactants and other additives in a thermal transfer fluid with help of a physical agitation. The present invention also relates to compositions of carbon nanoparticle nanofluids, such as nanolubricants and nanogreases. The nanofluid of the present invention is a dispersion of carbon nanoparticles, particularly carbon nanotubes, in a thermal transfer fluid in the present of surfactants. Addition of surfactants significantly increases the stability of nanoparticle dispersion. For nanogreases, carbon nanoparticles function both as a thickener to modulate viscosity and as a solid heat transfer medium to enhance thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及制备碳纳米颗粒在热转移流体中的稳定悬浮液以提高导热性能,粘度和润滑性的方法。 一个过程是将碳纳米颗粒直接分散在表面活性剂的热传递流体和其它添加剂中,并间歇地进行超声波处理。 第二个过程分三个阶段进行。 首先,将碳纳米颗粒分散到挥发性溶剂中。 然后,将热转移流体,表面活性剂和其它添加剂加入到该中间体分散体中并充分混合。 最后,除去挥发性溶剂以产生均匀分散的纳米流体。 第三种方法是在高温下将碳纳米颗粒分散在热传导流体中的表面活性剂和其它添加剂的均匀混合物中,有助于物理搅拌。 本发明还涉及碳纳米颗粒纳米流体的组合物,例如纳诺润滑剂和纳米润滑剂。 本发明的纳米流体是在表面活性剂存在的热传递流体中的碳纳米颗粒,特别是碳纳米管的分散体。 表面活性剂的添加显着增加了纳米颗粒分散体的稳定性。 对于纳米颗粒,碳纳米颗粒既可用作增稠剂,也可用于调节粘度,并用作固体传热介质,以提高导热性和耐高温性。

    Method for improving the performance of engines powered by liquid hydrocarbon fuel
    6.
    发明授权
    Method for improving the performance of engines powered by liquid hydrocarbon fuel 有权
    用于改善由液体碳氢燃料驱动的发动机性能的方法

    公开(公告)号:US07264640B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-09-04

    申请号:US10795938

    申请日:2004-03-08

    CPC classification number: C10G25/003 C10G25/00 C10G25/06 F23K5/10

    Abstract: A method for improving performance of an engine comprising contacting contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising an initial concentration of DRA with one or more effective DRA removal agent under conditions effective to produce decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising a reduced concentration of the DRA, and feeding the decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel to the engine.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于改善发动机性能的方法,包括在有效产生包含减少浓度的DRA的净化液态烃燃料的条件下将含有初始浓度的DRA的污染液体烃燃料与一种或多种有效的DRA去除剂接触,并且将去污液体 碳氢燃料发动机。

    Carbon nanoparticle-containing nanofluid
    7.
    发明授权
    Carbon nanoparticle-containing nanofluid 有权
    含纳米颗粒的纳米流体

    公开(公告)号:US07871533B1

    公开(公告)日:2011-01-18

    申请号:US11494954

    申请日:2006-07-28

    Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of a nanofluid, which comprises a thermal transfer fluid and carbon nanoparticles. The nanofluid may be hydrophilic nanofluids, such as a coolant, or hydrophobic nanofluids, such as nanolubricants or nanogreases. In particular, the present invention provides a homogenous hydrophilic nanofluid, which contains soluble carbon nanotubes in the hydrophilic thermal transfer fluid. The present invention also provides a nanogrease, which is a sustainable dispersion of solid carbon nanotubes in a hydrophobic thermal transfer fluid. The solid carbon nanotubes function as both as a thickener to modulate viscosity and as a solid heat transfer medium to enhance thermal conductivity and high temperature resistance.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及纳米流体的组合物,其包含热转移流体和碳纳米颗粒。 纳米流体可以是亲水性纳米流体,例如冷却剂,或疏水性纳米流体,例如纳米润滑剂或纳米润滑剂。 特别地,本发明提供在亲水性热转印流体中含有可溶性碳纳米管的均匀亲水性纳米流体。 本发明还提供一种纳米颗粒,其是固体碳纳米管在疏水性热转移流体中的可持续分散体。 固体碳纳米管既用作调节粘度的增稠剂,也用作固体传热介质,以增强导热性和耐高温性。

    Removal of drag reducer additive from liquid hydrocarbon fuel using attapulgus clay
    8.
    发明授权
    Removal of drag reducer additive from liquid hydrocarbon fuel using attapulgus clay 有权
    使用attapulgus粘土从液态烃燃料中除去减阻剂添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US07261747B2

    公开(公告)日:2007-08-28

    申请号:US10795889

    申请日:2004-03-08

    CPC classification number: C10G25/00 C10G25/06 C10L1/00 C10L1/06 C10L1/08

    Abstract: The present application provides a method for removing drag reducer additive (“DRA”) from liquid hydrocarbon fuel. The method comprises: providing contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising an initial concentration of DRA; contacting the contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel with a quantity of fresh attapulgus clay under conditions effective to produce decontaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising a reduced concentration of the DRA; said fresh attapulgus clay being effective to remove about 10% or more of a target DRA when 1 g of the fresh attapulgus clay is added in increments of from about 0.02 gram to about 0.1 gram, with agitation, to 100 ml. of contaminated liquid hydrocarbon fuel comprising from about 8 to about 9 ppm of the unsheared target DRA.

    Abstract translation: 本申请提供了从液体烃燃料中除去减阻剂添加剂(“DRA”)的方法。 该方法包括:提供包含初始浓度的DRA的被污染的液态烃燃料; 在有效产生包含降低浓度的DRA的净化液态烃燃料的条件下,将污染的液体烃燃料与一定数量的新鲜的attapulgus粘土接触; 所述新鲜的attapulgus粘土有效地去除约10%或更多的目标DRA,当1g新鲜的attapulgus粘土以约0.02克至约0.1克的增量以搅拌添加至100ml时。 的污染的液体烃燃料,其包含约8至约9ppm的未经处理的目标DRA。

    Removal of drag reducer additive from fuel by treatment with selected activated carbons and graphites
    9.
    发明授权
    Removal of drag reducer additive from fuel by treatment with selected activated carbons and graphites 有权
    通过用选择的活性炭和石墨处理从燃料中除去减阻剂添加剂

    公开(公告)号:US07018434B2

    公开(公告)日:2006-03-28

    申请号:US10453803

    申请日:2003-06-03

    CPC classification number: G01N33/2835 Y10S44/903

    Abstract: The application relates to a method for selecting drag reducer additive (DRA) effectively removable by activated carbons and graphites to be used in fuel. The appliction also relates to effective activated carbons and graphites for removing DRA from fuel, and to a method of using effective activated carbons and graphites to remove DRA from fuel.

    Abstract translation: 本申请涉及一种用于选择通过活性炭和石墨有效去除的用于燃料的减阻剂添加剂(DRA)的方法。 该应用还涉及有效的活性炭和用于从燃料中除去DRA的石墨,以及使用有效的活性炭和石墨从燃料中除去DRA的方法。

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