公开(公告)号：US10227533B2

公开(公告)日：2019-03-12

申请号：US15756202

申请日：2016-09-01

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Harold Boerrigter ,  Hai Ming Tan

IPC: C10G2/00 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G65/04 ,  C10G73/44 ,  C10G45/02 ,  B01D3/14

Abstract: Paraffins and waxes are produced from a gaseous feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor using a fixed bed of reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst having cobalt as catalytically active metal. A nitrogen-containing compound is added to the gaseous feed stream in a concentration of up to 10 ppmV and the mixture if fed to the reactor to obtain paraffins having from 5 to 300 carbon atoms. The product is subjected to a hydrogenation step, to obtain a hydrogenated fraction comprising 5 to 300 carbon atoms. The hydrogenated product is separated into C5-C9, C10-C17, and C18-300 fractions. The C18-C300 fraction is separated to obtain one or more first light waxes having a congealing point in the range of 30 to 75° C. and a second heavy wax having a congealing point in the range of 75 to 120° C.

公开(公告)号：US09822312B2

公开(公告)日：2017-11-21

申请号：US15126364

申请日：2015-03-16

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Carolus Matthias Anna Maria Mesters ,  Johan Peter Den Breejen

IPC: C10G2/00 ,  C07C1/04 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J23/94

CPC classification number: C10G2/332 ,  B01J8/001 ,  B01J8/02 ,  B01J8/065 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B01J23/94 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J2208/00061 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2208/00646 ,  B01J2208/00716 ,  B01J2219/002 ,  B01J2219/00213 ,  B01J2219/00231 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C07C1/045 ,  C07C1/0455 ,  C07C1/047 ,  C07C1/048 ,  C10G2/341

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for start-up and operation of a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprising the steps of: (a) providing a reactor with a fixed bed of reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst that comprises cobalt as catalytically active metal; (b) supplying a gaseous feed stream comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen to the reactor, wherein the gaseous feed stream initially comprises a nitrogen-containing compound other than molecular nitrogen in an initial concentration in the range of from 0.1 to 50 ppmv based on the volume of the gaseous feed stream; (c) converting carbon monoxide and hydrogen supplied with the gaseous feed stream to the reactor into hydrocarbons at an initial reaction temperature, wherein the initial reaction temperature is set at a value of at least 200° C. and hydrocarbons are produced at a first yield; (d) maintaining the initial reaction temperature at the set value and maintaining the first yield by decreasing the concentration of the nitrogen-containing compound in the gaseous feed stream supplied to the reactor; (e) optionally increasing the reaction temperature after the concentration of the nitrogen-containing compound in the gaseous feed stream has decreased to a value below 100 ppbv.

公开(公告)号：US10597585B2

公开(公告)日：2020-03-24

申请号：US16346814

申请日：2017-11-02

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Hans Michiel Huisman ,  Tyrone James McKnight ,  Wilhelmus Johannes Franciscus Scholten ,  Wenping Yang

IPC: C10G2/00 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C10G11/00 ,  C10J3/72 ,  C10G47/00

Abstract: A method of producing normally solid, normally liquid and optionally normally gaseous hydrocarbons involves contacting a gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst under elevated temperature and pressure, to convert at least part of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide into hydrocarbons. An effluent is withdrawn from the reactor and subjected to a separation step to form at least a heavy fraction and a light fraction. The heavy fraction comprises normally solid hydrocarbons, while the light fraction comprises unconverted syngas and normally liquid and optionally normally gaseous hydrocarbons.The light fraction is sent to a light ends stripper operating at a temperature of maximally 200° C. to obtain a hydrocarbons fraction comprising normally liquid hydrocarbons. The heavy fraction is subjected to flash evaporation or steam stripping to obtain a hydrocarbon stream of normally solid hydrocarbons (comprising mainly C10+ hydrocarbons).

公开(公告)号：US10035138B2

公开(公告)日：2018-07-31

申请号：US14906909

申请日：2014-07-14

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Erwin Roderick Stobbe

IPC: B01J27/13 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J27/135 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J37/24 ,  B01J27/128 ,  B01J35/02 ,  B01J37/00 ,  C10G2/00 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J23/889

CPC classification number: B01J27/135 ,  B01J21/063 ,  B01J23/8892 ,  B01J27/128 ,  B01J27/13 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0009 ,  B01J37/0018 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  B01J37/0236 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J37/24 ,  C10G2/332

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst using one or more metal salts of chloride, hydrochloric acid (HCl), one or more organic chloride compounds, or a combination thereof. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13-3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use.

公开(公告)号：US10421912B2

公开(公告)日：2019-09-24

申请号：US15756269

申请日：2016-09-01

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Harold Boerrigter ,  Hai Ming Tan

IPC: C10G2/00

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of manufacturing hydrocarbons by operating a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprising a fixed bed of reduced Fischer-Tropsch catalyst that comprises cobalt as catalytically active metal. Further, the present invention relates to a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable by said Fischer-Tropsch reaction.

公开(公告)号：US10155910B2

公开(公告)日：2018-12-18

申请号：US15490927

申请日：2017-04-19

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Peter Geerinck

IPC: B01J21/08 ,  B01J21/12 ,  C10G2/00 ,  B01J23/75 ,  B01J35/10 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J37/10 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J37/18

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst support and of a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst. A silica comprising support is subjected to hydrothermal treatment. The hydrothermal treatment results in catalysts having improved C5+ selectivity as compared with catalysts prepared with a non-treated silica comprising support.

公开(公告)号：US10138429B2

公开(公告)日：2018-11-27

申请号：US15628912

申请日：2017-06-21

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Erwin Roderick Stobbe ,  Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Peter John Van Den Brink ,  Alexander Petrus Van Bavel

IPC: B01J23/75 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/12 ,  B01J37/24 ,  C10G2/00 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J27/128 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J27/135

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to start up a Fischer-Tropsch process. A catalyst with a latent activity is used. The catalyst comprises titania, cobalt, promoter, and chlorine. The catalyst comprises more than 0.7 and less than 4 weight percent of the element chlorine, calculated on the total weight of the catalyst.

公开(公告)号：US09999873B2

公开(公告)日：2018-06-19

申请号：US15643051

申请日：2017-07-06

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Alexander Petrus Van Bavel ,  Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Peter John Van Den Brink ,  Erwin Roderick Stobbe

IPC: B01J27/13 ,  B01J27/135 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/24 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/138 ,  B01J37/00 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C10G2/00 ,  B01J37/02 ,  C07C11/10 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J35/02

CPC classification number: B01J27/135 ,  B01J23/8892 ,  B01J23/8896 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/138 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0009 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/24 ,  C07C1/0435 ,  C07C11/10 ,  C07C2521/06 ,  C07C2523/34 ,  C07C2523/75 ,  C07C2523/889 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C07C9/14

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst by (a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising titania and at least 5 weight percent cobalt; (b) impregnating the catalyst with a solution comprising chloride ions; and (c) heating the impregnated catalyst at a temperature in the range of between 100 and 500° C. for at least 5 minutes up to 2 days. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13-3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use.

公开(公告)号：US09758730B2

公开(公告)日：2017-09-12

申请号：US14906928

申请日：2014-07-14

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Erwin Roderick Stobbe ,  Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Peter John Van Den Brink ,  Alexander Petrus Van Bavel

IPC: C10G2/00 ,  B01J37/18 ,  B01J37/24 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J21/06 ,  B01J27/128 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J27/135

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to start up a Fischer-Tropsch process. A catalyst with a latent activity is used. The catalyst comprises titania, cobalt, promoter, and chlorine. The catalyst comprises more than 0.7 and less than 4 weight percent of the element chlorine, calculated on the total weight of the catalyst.

公开(公告)号：US09737882B2

公开(公告)日：2017-08-22

申请号：US14906911

申请日：2014-07-14

Applicant: SHELL OIL COMPANY

Inventor： Alexander Petrus Van Bavel ,  Gerrit Leendert Bezemer ,  Peter John Van Den Brink ,  Erwin Roderick Stobbe

IPC: B01J27/135 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/24 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/138 ,  B01J37/00 ,  C07C1/04 ,  C10G2/00 ,  B01J37/02 ,  B01J23/889 ,  B01J35/02

CPC classification number: B01J27/135 ,  B01J23/8892 ,  B01J23/8896 ,  B01J27/10 ,  B01J27/138 ,  B01J35/023 ,  B01J37/0009 ,  B01J37/0201 ,  B01J37/04 ,  B01J37/08 ,  B01J37/24 ,  C07C1/0435 ,  C07C11/10 ,  C07C2521/06 ,  C07C2523/34 ,  C07C2523/75 ,  C07C2523/889 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C07C9/14

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for preparing a chlorine comprising catalyst by (a) providing a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst comprising titania and at least 5 weight percent cobalt; (b) impregnating the catalyst with a solution comprising chloride ions; and (c) heating the impregnated catalyst at a temperature in the range of between 100 and 500° C. for at least 5 minutes up to 2 days. The prepared catalyst preferably comprises 0.13-3 weight percent of the element chlorine. The invention further relates to the prepared catalyst and its use.