公开(公告)号：US12078154B1

公开(公告)日：2024-09-03

申请号：US16153297

申请日：2018-10-05

Applicant: Board of Trustees of The University of Alabama, for and on behalf of The University of Alabama in Huntsville

Inventor： Kunning Gabriel Xu ,  Ryan Patrick Gott

IPC: F03H1/00 ,  B64G1/40 ,  H01J1/02

CPC classification number: F03H1/0087 ,  B64G1/405 ,  F03H1/0018 ,  H01J1/025

Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to devices and methods for generating thrust in vehicles, for instance in space applications. A heaterless, insertless hollow cathode utilizes AC and pulsed DC electric fields to ionize the propellant gas and generate a plasma plume. The cathode uses an argon microplasma generated in a quartz tube with a tungsten filament and brass ion collector. Free electrons are then drawn from the plasma plume and supplied to a thruster engine.

公开(公告)号：US20240006142A1

公开(公告)日：2024-01-04

申请号：US18064280

申请日：2022-12-11

Applicant: SHANGHAI UNITED IMAGING HEALTHCARE CO., LTD.

Inventor： Ruiying SONG ,  Peng CHENG

IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J1/02

CPC classification number: H01J3/029 ,  H01J1/025

Abstract: An electron gun may include a cathode with an emitting surface configured to emit electrons. The cathode may include a through hole that goes through the emitting surface and is configured to allow back-streaming electrons of the emitted electrons to pass through. The electron gun may also include an anode configured to attract the emitted electrons from the cathode to the anode and focus the emitted electrons into an electron beam. The electron gun may also include a grid structure configured to facilitate the focusing of the emitted electrons, the grid structure being positioned corresponding to the through hole.

公开(公告)号：US11798788B2

公开(公告)日：2023-10-24

申请号：US17091433

申请日：2020-11-06

Applicant: SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD.

Inventor： Sang Ki Nam ,  Sunggil Kang ,  Sungyong Lim ,  Beomjin Yoo ,  Akira Koshiishi ,  Vasily Pashkovskiy ,  Kwangyoub Heo

IPC: H01L21/3065 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01J1/02

CPC classification number: H01J37/32596 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J37/32009 ,  H01J37/32899

Abstract: A hollow cathode includes an insulation plate having cathode holes. Bottom electrodes are below the insulation plate. The bottom electrodes define first holes having a width greater than a width of the cathode holes. Top electrodes are at an opposite side of the insulation plate from the bottom electrodes. The top electrodes define second holes aligned with the first holes along a direction orthogonal to the upper surface of the insulation plate.

公开(公告)号：US20160042906A1

公开(公告)日：2016-02-11

申请号：US14456835

申请日：2014-08-11

Applicant: Honeywell International Inc.

Inventor： Matthew Clark ,  Dean E. Johnson ,  Bruce A. Seiber

IPC: H01J1/02 ,  H01J17/06 ,  H01J17/16 ,  H01J9/02

CPC classification number: H01J1/025 ,  G01C19/665 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J17/06 ,  H01J17/16

Abstract: A partially-insulated cathode for exciting plasma in a plasma chamber is provided. The partially-insulated cathode includes a conductive structure enclosing a cavity having a cavity surface and an insulating material contiguously covering a portion of the cavity surface from the cavity opening up to an insulation height that is less than a cavity height. Cross-sections of the cavity in X-Y planes have at least one respective cavity-width. A cavity opening has a diameter less than a minimum cavity-width of the at least one cavity-width.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于激发等离子体室中的等离子体的部分绝缘阴极。 部分绝缘的阴极包括一个导电结构，该导电结构包围具有空腔表面的空腔和绝缘材料，绝缘材料连续地覆盖空腔表面的一部分从空腔开口直到小于空腔高度的绝缘高度。 X-Y平面中的空腔的横截面具有至少一个相应的腔宽度。 空腔开口的直径小于至少一个空腔宽度的最小腔宽度。

公开(公告)号：US20120280610A1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-08

申请号：US11126513

申请日：2005-05-09

Applicant: Paul B. Lundquist ,  Stephen William McCahon

Inventor： Paul B. Lundquist ,  Stephen William McCahon

IPC: H01J1/00

CPC classification number: H01J1/025 ,  H01S3/0007

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein are generally directed to enhancing electrical discharge. A hollow conical electrode may be provided to discharge electrical energy in a directed manner. The conical electrode has two openings: a larger entrance opening; and a smaller exit opening. These openings are configured to allow radiated energy to pass therethrough and form a preferential path of electrical conduction. The larger entrance opening has a surface with a radius of curvature that is larger than that of the second smaller exit opening. The smaller exit opening directs electrical energy to the path because of stronger electric fields. In one embodiment, a protruding electrode element is configured with the smaller exit opening to further enhance electrical discharge by focusing electric fields in the vicinity of the protruding electrode.

Abstract translation: 本文提出的系统和方法通常涉及增强放电。 可以提供中空圆锥形电极以以有向的方式排出电能。 锥形电极具有两个开口：较大的入口; 和一个较小的出口。 这些开口被配置成允许辐射能量通过并形成优先的导电路径。 较大的入口开口具有曲率半径大于第二较小出口的曲面半径的表面。 由于电场较强，较小的出口将电能引导到路径。 在一个实施例中，突出电极元件配置有较小的出口，以通过聚焦突出电极附近的电场来进一步增强放电。

公开(公告)号：US07872406B2

公开(公告)日：2011-01-18

申请号：US11887649

申请日：2006-04-05

Applicant: Francesco Cino Matacotta

Inventor： Francesco Cino Matacotta

IPC: H01J17/26

CPC classification number: H05H1/54 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J3/025

Abstract: An apparatus and a process for generating, accelerating and propagating beams of electrons and plasma at high density, the apparatus comprising: a first dielectric tube, which contains gas; a hollow cathode, which is connected to said first dielectric tube; a second dielectric tube, which is connected to said hollow cathode and protrudes inside, and is connected to, a deposition chamber; an anode, which is arranged around said second dielectric tube, in an intermediate position; means for applying voltage to said cathode and said anode; means for evacuating the gas from the chamber; and means for spontaneous conversion of gas in the first dielectric tube into plasma.

Abstract translation: 一种用于以高密度产生，加速和传播电子和等离子体束的装置和方法，所述装置包括：含有气体的第一介电管; 连接到所述第一介电管的空心阴极; 第二介质管，其连接到所述中空阴极并向内突出并连接到沉积室; 阳极，其布置在所述第二介电管周围的中间位置; 用于向所述阴极和所述阳极施加电压的装置; 用于从所述室抽空气体的装置; 以及用于将第一电介质管中的气体自发转化成等离子体的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20090066212A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-12

申请号：US11887649

申请日：2006-04-05

Applicant: Francesco Cino Matacotta

Inventor： Francesco Cino Matacotta

IPC: H01J17/26

CPC classification number: H05H1/54 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J3/025

Abstract: An apparatus and a process for generating, accelerating and propagating beams of electrons and plasma at high density, the apparatus comprising: a first dielectric tube, which contains gas; a hollow cathode, which is connected to said first dielectric tube; a second dielectric tube, which is connected to said hollow cathode and protrudes inside, and is connected to, a deposition chamber; an anode, which is arranged around said second dielectric tube, in an intermediate position; means for applying voltage to said cathode and said anode; means for evacuating the gas from the chamber; and means for spontaneous conversion of gas in the first dielectric tube into plasma.

Abstract translation: 一种用于以高密度产生，加速和传播电子和等离子体束的装置和方法，所述装置包括：含有气体的第一介电管; 连接到所述第一介电管的空心阴极; 第二电介质管，其连接到所述中空阴极并向内突出并连接到沉积室; 阳极，其布置在所述第二介电管周围的中间位置; 用于向所述阴极和所述阳极施加电压的装置; 用于从所述室抽空气体的装置; 以及用于将第一电介质管中的气体自发转化成等离子体的装置。

公开(公告)号：US20050148270A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US11070100

申请日：2005-03-01

Applicant: J. Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark Wagner

Inventor： J. Eden ,  Sung-Jin Park ,  Clark Wagner

IPC: G09G3/10 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H01J1/62 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/24 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/06 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/04

CPC classification number: H01J17/49 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J9/00 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J25/50 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/62 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J65/046

Abstract: A discharge device is described that contains an anode, a cathode, and an insulating layer disposed between the anode and the cathode. A cavity is extends entirely through at least one of the anode or cathode and penetrates the dielectric layer. At least one of the anode or cathode may include a screen or the dielectric layer may have a plurality of films with at least two different dielectric constants. The voltage differences between the anode and cathode in each of multiple devices electrically connected together may be limited.

公开(公告)号：US20050012441A1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-20

申请号：US10915834

申请日：2004-08-11

Applicant: Christoph Schulteiss ,  Lothar-Heinz-Otto Buth

Inventor： Christoph Schulteiss ,  Lothar-Heinz-Otto Buth

IPC: C23C14/30 ,  H01J1/02 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J37/077 ,  H05H1/24 ,  H01T13/20

CPC classification number: H01J3/025 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H05H1/52

Abstract: In a channel spark source triggered by gas discharge for generating a stable focused electron beam, a gas supply for a hollow cathode thereof is provided which generates in the hollow cathode a pressure differential so that the multiplication of charge carriers in a trigger plasma of a trigger plasma source connected to the hollow cathode provides for a reliable gas discharge and the formation of a stable electron beam which exits the arrangement and which does not damage the internal passages of the arrangement.

Abstract translation: 在由用于产生稳定的聚焦电子束的气体放电触发的通道火花源中，提供了用于其空心阴极的气体供应，其在中空阴极中产生压差，使得触发器的触发等离子体中的载流子的乘法 连接到空心阴极的等离子体源提供可靠的气体放电和形成稳定的电子束，其离开该装置并且不会损坏该装置的内部通道。

公开(公告)号：US20040000853A1

公开(公告)日：2004-01-01

申请号：US10463908

申请日：2003-06-17

Inventor： Harold R. Kaufman ,  James R. Kahn

IPC: H01J001/20

CPC classification number: H01J1/52 ,  H01J1/025

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, the hollow-cathode apparatus comprises a small-diameter tantalum tube with a plurality of tantalum-foil radiation shields, wherein the plurality of shields in turn comprise one or more spiral windings external to that tube and approximately flush with the open end from which electron emission takes place. The axial length of at least one of the inner windings (closer to the tantalum tube) is equal to or less than approximately half the length of the tantalum tube. An enclosed keeper surrounds the cathode. To start the cathode, a flow of ionizable inert gas, usually argon, is initiated through the cathode and out the open end. An electrical discharge is then started between the keeper and the hollow cathode. When heated to operating temperature, electrons exit from the open end of the hollow cathode.

Abstract translation: 根据本发明的一个实施例，中空阴极装置包括具有多个钽箔辐射屏蔽的小直径钽管，其中多个屏蔽依次包括该管外部的一个或多个螺旋绕组，以及 大致与发生电子发射的开口端齐平。 内部绕组（更靠近钽管）中的至少一个的轴向长度等于或小于钽管的长度的大约一半。 封闭的门将围绕阴极。 为了启动阴极，通过阴极引出电离惰性气体（通常为氩气）流出开口端。 然后在保持器和中空阴极之间开始放电。 当加热到工作温度时，电子从空心阴极的开口端排出。