Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst system and process for preparing dimethyl ether from synthesis gas as well as the use of the catalyst system in this process.
Abstract:
Process for preparing an α, β -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, comprising, reacting an alkene and carbon dioxide in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst to obtain a catalyst-coordinated carboxylated intermediate, treating the catalyst- coordinated carboxylated intermediate with a heterogeneous base, and releasing the α, β -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, wherein the heterogeneous base comprises an organic basic moiety that is immobilized on a solid support. The process avoids accumulation of the conjugate acid of the base in the reaction medium.
Abstract:
Catalytic process for preparing an α,β -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, wherein an alkene and carbon dioxide are reacted in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and in the presence of a specific aryloxide to obtain the α,β -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, the carboxylation catalyst being a transition metal complex. The process allows for efficient preparation of α,β -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives from CO 2 and an alkene.
Title translation:YTTRIUMHALTIGER催化剂用于高温KOHLENDIOXIDHYDRIERUNG,加之高温KOHLENDIOXIDHYDRIERUNG及改造和/或高温KOHLENDIOXIDHYDRIERUNG改革和方法,结合高温KOHLENDIOXIDHYDRIERUNG和重整和/或改革
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Katalysators für die Hochtemperatur- Verfahren (i) Kohlendioxidhydrierung, (ii) kombinierten Hochtemperatur Kohlendioxidhydrierung und Reformierung und/oder (iii) Reformierung von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen Verbindungen und/oder Kohlenstoffdioxid und die Verwendung des erfindungsgemäßen Katalysators in Verbindung mit der Reformierung und/oder Hydrierung von Kohlenwasserstoffen, vorzugsweise Methan, und/oder von Kohlenstoffdioxid. Zur Herstellung des Katalysators wird eine Aluminiumquelle, die vorzugsweise eine wasserlösliche Vorläuferquelle umfasst, mit einer yttriumhaltigen Metallsalzlösung in Kontakt gebracht, getrocknet und kalziniert. Die Metallsalzlösung weist neben den Yttriumspezies zumindest ein Element aus der Gruppe Kobalt, Kupfer, Nickel, Eisen, Zink auf.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a mixture comprising 5-(hydroxy- methyl)furfural (HMF) and one or more HMF esters of formula (I, the process comprising the following steps: (A-1) preparing or providing a starting mixture comprising one, two or more carbohydrate compounds selected from the group consisting of hexoses, oligosaccharides comprising hexose units, and polysaccharides comprising hexose units, and as the solvent or as a co-solvent for said carbohydrate compounds an amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) (A-2) subjecting said starting mixture to reaction conditions so that at least one of said one, two or more carbohydrate compounds reacts, and a fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) is hydrolyzed, so that a mixture results comprising 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and/or said one or more HMF esters of formula (I), one or more carboxylic acids of formula (III) and a remaining fraction of said amount of one or more carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) wherein the starting mixture prepared or provided in step (A-1) comprises a total amount of carboxylic acid esters of formula (II) of at least 50 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the starting mixture.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to the synthesis of oxide materials, layered double hydroxide materials (LDH materials), hydroxide materials and carbonate-based materials with high surface area and controlled size and nano-particle shape as well as the formation of mixed metal hydroxides and hydroxycarbonates with high surface areas which can serve as precursor materials to deliver oxide materials after thermal treatment. The process of the invention relates to the preparation of oxide materials on the base of metal alkoxides which are hydrolyzed under highly controlled conditions in the presence of high-boiling and low-boiling alcohol whereby the low boiling-alcohol has to act as co-solvent.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a composite oxide comprising ceria, praseodymia and alumina, wherein the cerium : praseodymium molar ratio of the composite oxide is 84:16 or less, as well as to a method of preparing the composite oxide and to its use, in particular in a method of treating an exhaust gas stream.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process of making furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, comprising the following steps: (a) subjecting a starting mixture comprising 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural and water to oxidation conditions in the presence of a heterogeneous oxidation catalyst and an oxygen-containing gas so that a first product mixture results comprising furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, water and by-products, (b) subjecting a mixture comprising water, said furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid and said by-products to hydrogenation conditions in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst so that a second product mixture results comprising furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid, water and hydrogenated by-products, and subsequently (c) separating said furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid from said hydrogenated by-products so that isolated furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid results, wherein said first product mixture resulting from step (a) is heated and/or diluted with water to give said mixture subjected to hydrogenation conditions in step (b).
Abstract:
Process for preparing an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt, comprising, reacting an alkene and carbon dioxide in the presence of a carboxylation catalyst and releasing the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid salt with a base, wherein the carboxylation catalyst comprises a transition metal complex that is covalently immobilized on a solid support. The crude reaction product can be processed with little effort to obtain the carboxylic acid derivative at a purity level suitable for further processing into sanitary products.