Abstract:
A junctionless Nano-Electro-Mechanical (NEM) resonator, comprising a highly doped conductive channel (4) connecting a drain (9) and a source (10) electrode and movably fixed by at least two ends (11, 11') acting as said source and drain electrodes, respectively; at least one fixed gate electrode (3, 3') arranged to control a depletion charge (5) in the highly doped conductive channel (4) thereby modulating dimensions of a cross-section of the highly doped conductive channel (4). A dimension of the cross-section in the direction of an electrical field that is oriented from the fixed gate electrode (3, 3') to the highly doped conductive channel (4), is designed in such a way that it can be reduced under the effect of the depletion charge such that a full depletion in the highly doped conductive channel (4) is achievable with the control of the fixed gate electrode.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a multiple-junction photoelectric device comprising, in sequence, a substrate (4), a first conducting layer (2), at least two elementary photoelectric devices (6, 10), at least one of said elementary photoelectric devices (6) being made of microcrystalline silicon, and a second conducting layer (8). The first conducting layer (2) has a surface (2b) facing said microcrystalline silicon elementary photoelectric device such that: - said surface (2b) has a lateral feature size (D) bigger than 100 nm, and a root-means-square roughness (Rrms) bigger than 40 nm, - said surface (2b) comprises inclined elementary surfaces such that a50 is greater than 20°, where aso is the angle for which 50% of the elementary surfaces of the surface of the first conducting layer (2) have an inclination equal to or less than this angle, and - said surface (2b) comprises valleys being formed between two elementary surfaces and having a radius of curvature smaller than 100 nm. Moreover, said microcrystalline silicon elementary photoelectric device (6) comprises, on the incoming light side, a p-type layer being made of at least one silicon alloy SiMx where M is O, C, N, and x> 0.1, said p-type layer containing silicon grains.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an amplification device with frequency drift for a pulsed laser, comprising successively: a stretcher (2) able to temporally stretch an incident laser pulse (91); at least one amplifying medium (3, 4) able to amplify the stretched laser pulse (92); a compressor (7) able to temporally compress the stretched and amplified laser pulse (95); in which the compressor (7) comprises, according to the invention, an amplifying medium (8), so as to amplify the partially temporally compressed laser pulse, so as to increase the energy yield of the amplifier.
Abstract:
Described herein are microelectrode array devices, and methods of fabrication and use of the same, to provide highly localized and efficient electrical stimulation of a neurological target. The device includes multiple microelectrode elements arranged along an supportive backing layer. The microelectrode elements are dimensioned and shaped so as to target individual neurons, groups of neurons, and neural tissue as may be located in an animal nervous system, such as along a region of a cortex of a human brain. Beneficially, the neurological probe can be used to facilitate location of the neurological target and remain implanted for long-term monitoring and/or stimulation.
Abstract:
Peptides that specifically bind erythrocytes are described. These are provided as peptidic ligands having sequences that specifically bind, or as antibodies or fragments thereof that provide specific binding, to erythrocytes. The peptides may be prepared as molecular fusions with therapeutic agents, tolerizing antigens, or targeting peptides. Immunotolerance may be created by use of the fusions and choice of an antigen on a substance for which tolerance is desired. Fusions with targeting peptides direct the fusions to the target, for instance a tumor, where the erythrocyte-binding ligands reduce or entirely eliminate blood flow to the tumor by recruiting erythrocytes to the target.
Abstract:
A new gas turbine-fuel cell Hybrid Cycle is proposed. The fuel cell advantageously operates close or under atmospheric pressure and is fully integrated with the gas turbine that is based on an Inverted Brayton-Joule Cycle. The idea of the invention is to capitalize on the intrinsic oxygen-nitrogen separation characteristic of the fuel cell electrolyte by sending to the Inverted Brayton-Joule Cycle only the anodic flow, which is the one free of nitrogen. In this way the flow that expands in the turbine consists only in steam and carbon dioxide. After the expansion the steam can be easily condensed, separated and pumped up. Therefore the compressor has mainly only to compress the separated carbon dioxide. This effect generates a substantial advantage in term of efficiency and enables separating the carbon dioxide. The new proposed Hybrid Cycle enables to: substantially increase the system efficiency compared to the known gas turbine-fuel cell Hybrid Cycle, maintain the fuel cell operating under or close to atmospheric pressure and separate the carbon dioxide.
Abstract:
The device (1 ) comprises an endoscopic interface (2) with a guiding tube (4) for guiding an endoscope, said tube (4) being mounted on bearings (5) for free rotation and comprising windows for allowing a contact between said endoscope and friction rollers (7,8) for tracking the axial displacement of the endoscope and for imposing a linear force feedback on said endoscope, one of said friction rollers (8) being connected to a motor (12) for transmission of torque generated by said motor and the other of said friction rollers (7) being connected to an encoder (14) for the tracking of its axial displacement, said device further comprising an axial brake (20) for blocking the axial movement of the endoscope while allowing a rotation of the endoscope, said axial brake (20) comprising two pairs of brake rollers (21,22) being placed around said endoscope, one pair (22) being movable relatively to the other pair (21 ) for realizing said axial blocking. One of said friction rollers (7) is mounted on said tube via a lever (9) actuated by spring means (10) for allowing smooth insertion of endoscopes having different sizes and ensuring sufficient contact force on the endoscope of the rollers (21,22).
Abstract:
The invention relates in general terms to the field of "cold cathode" electronic cathodes including an electrically conductive flat substrate (2) and an emitter comprising a tip (1) with a micrometric or nanometric diameter arranged vertically above the surface of the substrate. The cathode according to the invention comprises a single annular electrode (6) electrically insulated from the substrate by an insulating layer (3) and centred on the emitter, the source comprising a means for applying a potential difference of several dozen volts between the substrate and the annular electrode, enough to cause the emission of an electronic beam from the tip of the emitter, the annular electrode being large enough to focus said electronic beam. A source of an electronic beam can comprise a plurality of identical cathodes arranged in a specific pattern.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a photovoltaic module (1) that includes at least two photovoltaic cells (7, 7') in series, each rectangular cell (7, 7') including, respectively, a first rear thin film electrode (5, 5'), a photovoltaic stack having at least two active materials (3) included between the rear electrode (5) and a transparent conductive electrode (TC) made of a thin film (4), said electrode TC (4, 4') being capable of collecting and transmitting an electric current (10, 10') generated by the photovoltaic stack (3, 3'), the two photovoltaic cells (7, 7') being electrically connected in series by an electrical contact strip (6) that is included between the electrode TC (4) of the first cell (7) and the rear electrode (5') of the second cell (7'). According to the invention, the local thickness (e) of the electrode TC (4) of the cell (7) varies depending on the distance to the electrical contact strip (6). The invention also relates to methods for depositing and etching the transparent conductive film (TC) so as to simultaneously manufacture a plurality of cells (7, 7', 7"...) for a single module (1).
Abstract:
The invention relates to large-field high-resolution microscopy and photolithography setups operating with polychromatic light. It includes the use of a plurality of focusing micromirrors.